If you want to know if they had (in general) notions of racial superiority then yes (Greeks vs barbarians). But they never used the term Aryan...

I really dont think so Yannis .... The term barbarians was used for people that had nothing to do with the Greek civilisation . For example , the Persians were considered as barbarians , although they had a very advanced civilisation and culture.

Isk.

Not so. There is nowadays a huge amount misinterpretation of the term "barbarian" and its meaning in ancient times in Greece.

The term refers to:
1. Non-Greeks (Ethnological meaning)
2. Uncivilized Greek tribes (Cultural meaning)

It's easy to understand who falls into the first category. Second category comprises of greek tribes like Macedonians, Boeotians etc. In this category the term barbarian is used in a disparaging cultural meaning who indicates these tribes were believed to have an inferior culture compared with the general national hellenic civilization and a little better culture compared with Non-Greeks.

On the matter of "Aryan" cultures... It is universally accepted to the linguistic/historian community (I mean the academic one, of course) that the term Aryan or Indo-aryan is linked with a certain linguistic group that refers to the Sanscrit, the Avest and the (oddly minor asian originated) Mittani language families.

I quote a formidable article from wikipedia : 

" Aryan is an English word derived from the Vedic Sanskrit and Avestan term arya, meaning "noble" or "lord". In the 19th century, the term was often used to refer to what we now call the Proto-Indo-Europeans. Aryan currently refers to the Indo-Iranian language sub-family, or to its Indian sub-branch known as Indo-Aryan.

The Aryan (Indo-Iranian) proto-language evolved into the family of Indo-Iranian languages, of which the oldest known members are Sanskrit and Avestan (and the fragmentary Mitanni language).

The term has also been used to refer to a "race", originally in the sense of a distinct population. Ancient writers such as Herodotus used it for the Iranian people. Herodotus wrote: "In ancient times, the Greeks called Iranians "Kaffe", but they were renowned as Aryans among themselves and their neighbors". In another part of his book, Herodotus writes that the Medians were known as Aryans during a certain period. So in two of the oldest surviving written documents, the race of the Iranians have been mentioned as Aryan.

19th century writers used it as name for Indo-Europeans peoples as a whole. It can also be used as an indication for the religious origin of the Hindus. To prevent confusion because of its several meanings, the term is often often avoided today, and replaced by the well-defined Proto-Indo-European, Proto-Indo-Iranian, Indo-Iranian, Iranian or Indo-Aryan. "