Dungan is Chinese or dōnggānyǔ, the language of the Hui, but its dialectical structure reflects the roots of the original migrants fleeing the Manchu in the 19th century, Gansu and Shaanxi provinces. The four tonal inflections of the latter make it the lesser variant and standard Dungan is in the tri-tonal Gansu dialect. It is not close at all to Mandarin and it has been written in various scripts since 1900: Arabic (until 1926) Latin (1926-1953) and finally Cyrillic after 1953 and the decision of the Soviet government in Kirghizia. For the variety of dialects as to Chinese and why the equation of Dungan with Mandarin is incorrect: