I am pretty sure though, they felt they were superior to Celts or Germenics because of their different cultures.
They doubtlessly felt superior to those outside of the empire but once a territory was within the empire it was a different matter. For example in the 4th century scholars from Gaul were teaching the children of the elite in Rome Latin grammer.
If Roman empire had not existed, the biggest difference in today's world would be the views on beauty, architectures, moralty and ethics but i dont think there will be much difference in technology.
αἰὲν ἀριστεύειν
Een aristevin
“Ever to Excel“
From Homer's Iliad (8th century BC).
Motto of the University of St Andrews (founded 1410), the Edinburgh Academy (founded 1824) and others.
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