I don't know of a specific source that talks about all societies, but
since the theme is so prevalent, from pharohs to the Tian Zi to the
Tenno, I'm sure you can probably find something scattered around.
One piece of myth that would fit the definition easily is the Aeneid by
Vergil, a retelling of the Roman origin myths comissioned by Augustus
for the purpose of political legitimization. The Aeneid basically said
that Julius Caesar's family decended from the oldest forefather of Rome
(who was half-divine) and that the golden age of Caesar and Augustus
was destined before Rome was even founded.
Book 6 of the Aeneid:
"Now fix your sight, and stand intent, to see
Your Roman race, and Julian progeny.
The mighty Caesar waits his vital hour,
Impatient for the world, and grasps his promis'd
pow'r.
But next behold the youth of form divine,
Ceasar himself, exalted in his line;
Augustus, promis'd oft, and long foretold,
Sent to the realm that Saturn rul'd of old;
Born to restore a better age of gold.