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Tatars In Poland

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  Quote DayI Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Topic: Tatars In Poland
    Posted: 09-Oct-2005 at 06:14
yes.
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  Quote Sarmata Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 11-Oct-2005 at 03:52
If you mean Uhlans as the regiment that developed in Poland, light cavalry unit, then Im sure it had Polish-Tatar roots, but Im sure that majority of the soldiers would be Lithuanian, Polish, or Ruthenian
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  Quote HistoryGuy Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 13-Oct-2005 at 17:02
I will try to post a picture of my great grandparents. Maybe you can tell what they were. I wan you it is in black and white, but think of them having jet black hair and light olive skin.
هیچ مردی تا به حال به شما درباره خدا گفته.
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  Quote Yungsiyebu_Uriankhai Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 16-Oct-2005 at 04:47

Apart from such allied Tatars, many Tatars also served in the Polish army. this was especially so in Lithuania, where Grand Duke Witold had settled large numbers of Tatars at the end of the 14th century - principally around Wilno - and allowed them to intermarry with the local population. In the 16th century there were about 200,000 Tatars in Lithuania, and although they still worshipped Allah they now spoke only Byelorussian or Polish. The main Lithuanian Tatar tribes were the Uyshun, Naiman, Jalair, Kongret and Bahrin, as well as the tribal aristocracy - the Uhlans. [..]

If it's not a coincidence, Uyshun(Uushun), Naiman, Jalair, Bahrin(Barin), Kongret(Khongrat, Onggirat) should be the most famous Turco-Mongol tribes during the time of Chinggis Khaan. Uhlan or Ulan means red in Mongolian.

I wrote a post about Khongrats yesterday, I hope it's helpful for the discussion here.

http://www.allempires.com/forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=6242& ;PN=1

 

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  Quote Scytho-Sarmatian Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 16-Oct-2005 at 08:45
Wait a minute.  I thought Ulan meant "hero" in Mongolian.
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  Quote Temujin Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 16-Oct-2005 at 17:23

no, Baator (Ba'atur in old Mongolian) means hero.

but Uhlan in this case comes from Turkic Oglan, which means youth IIRC.

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  Quote HistoryGuy Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 18-Oct-2005 at 07:22

That is interesting, but where did the Tatars in modern Poland come from? Where did they travel?

هیچ مردی تا به حال به شما درباره خدا گفته.
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  Quote Mosquito Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 18-Oct-2005 at 11:58
Originally posted by HistoryGuy

That is interesting, but where did the Tatars in modern Poland come from? Where did they travel?

I guess that from Crimea

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  Quote Mosquito Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 18-Oct-2005 at 11:59

Here is website of Polish Tatars

http://www.tatarzy.tkb.pl/

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  Quote Mosquito Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 18-Oct-2005 at 12:29

This text comes from the site of Polish Tatars, ill try to translate briefly what they say:

"Tatarzy Rzeczypospolitej, zwani te Tatarami Wielkiego Ksistwa Litewskiego, w skrcie - Tatarami litewskimi, zwizawszy raz na zawsze los swj z Polsk, od 600 lat s wiernymi synami nowej ojczyzny - po tatarsku - vatan. Przybywali na rozlegle ziemie W.X.L. z terytoriw Zotej Ordy, pniej Wielkiej Ordy, Chanatu Krymskiego, Chanatu Kazaskiego i Astrachaskiego, pastw tatarskich powstaych po rozpadzie Zotej Ordy.

Migracja tej ludnoci na ziemie Rzeczypospolitej trwaa od koca XIV a po koniec wieku XVII. Ostatnia fala emigracji miaa miejsce ju w wieku XX, po 1917 roku i bya to w przewaajcej mierze emigracja polityczna tatarskich dziaaczy religijnych i narodowych, ktrzy musieli ucieka spod bolszewickiego terroru.

Od koca wieku XVIII, poprzez wiek XIX, Tatarzy ulegali coraz wikszej polonizacji, zwaszcza warstwy wysze - ziemiaskie, i biaorutenizacji w wypadku drobnej szlachty zagrodowej i mieszkacw miast. Od tej pory mona ju mwi o Tatarach polskich, tym bardziej, i spora cz tej grupy etnicznej uczestniczya, zwaszcza szlachta tatarska, w walce o Niepodleg Rzeczpospolit.

Tatarami litewskimi nazywali swoich pobratymcw z Lechistanu take Tatarzy krymscy i Turcy osmascy, a przekrciwszy w wyraeniu Lipka Tatarar (Tatarzy litewscy) pierwsze sowo, zrobili z tego wasne - Tatarw Lipkw. Nazwy tej uywano potem i w dokumentach Rzeczypospolitej i w historiografii.

Istotnie, w jarykach (czyli poselstwach) chanw krymskich Gerejw do krlw polskich z wieku XVI, a te pniejszych, spotykamy nazw Lipka, jako znieksztacon w wymowie i pisowni nazw wasn Litwy.

Tu zacytuj jaryk chana Mechmed Geraja I do Zygmunta I, datowany 22 padziernika 1520 roku - oto fragment:

Ojciec nasz Mengli Geraj, Hadi Geraj. i dawni chanowie utrzymywali przyjazne stosunki z krlem polskim Wadysawem oraz z wielkim bejem lipkowskim (libkanum beyi - po tatarsku) Dawudem, a take z krlem polskim Kazimierzem oraz z wielkim bejem lipkowskim. damy od krajw lipkowskiego i polskiego 15.000 florenw polskich. Kraj lipkowski i polski obydwa znacz dla nas to samo, a ich wrogowie s i naszymi wrogami."

Wielki bej lipkowski, to oczywicie wielki ksi litewski Witold.

Od Turkw i Tatarw krymskich termin Lipka przeszed do jzyka polskiego i zaistnia na rwni z terminem "Tatar litewski". Zapoyczenie to dokonao si za porednictwem stosunkw dyplomatycznych. Polacy czytajc i syszc ze strony Tatarw krymskich i Turkw tego rodzaju okrelenie Tatarw litewskich, przyswoili sobie to sowo i zaczli sami go uywa. Po wojnach tureckich w latach 1672 i 1678, nazwa Tatar - Lipka, zakorzenia si i wesza w skad nazewnictwa dokumentw oficjalnych.

Wielk rol przypisywali Tatarzy w swoich legendach ksiciu Witoldowi. Nazywali go Wattad, w jzyku arabskim sowo to oznacza obroc islamu i praw muzumanw na ziemiach niemuzumaskich. Starsza forma tego imienia, Widowd, lub Witowt, uywana jeszcze przez historykw i heraldykw w dziewitnastym stuleciu, si zblie fonetycznych, kojarzya si Tatarom ze sowem Wattad, ktre traktowali jako synonim imienia wasnego - Witowt.

Wielki ksi Witold poczy "przyjemne z poytecznym" - utworzy z osiedli tatarskich pas obronny, wzdu granicy mudzkiej i w okolicach warownych zamkw na Litwie - obok Trokw, Wilna, Kowna, Lidy, Krewa, Nowogrdka, Grodna. Osadnictwo tatarskie miao wyrane znami obronne oraz strategiczne, jako ochrona nadgraniczna przeciwko Zakonowi Krzyackiemu i Zakonowi Kawalerw Mieczowych. Tatarzy litewscy uwaali Witolda za swego chana i obroc, i do koca lat trzydziestych naszego stulecia wymieniali jego imi w swoich modlitwach.

Prawa szlacheckie Tatarw tzw. hospodarskich, zostay usankcjonowane i potwierdzone oficjalnie, przez dwa przywileje krla Zygmunta Augusta z lat 1561 i 1568 oraz przez szereg innych przywilejw nastpnych krlw, i tak - przez Stefana Batorego z roku 1576, Zygmunta III z roku 1609, Wadysawa IV z roku 1634, Michaa Korybuta Winiowieckiego z roku 1669, oraz przez szereg konstytucji sejmowych.

Tatarzy litewscy dzielili si na cztery grupy spoeczne, ktre na terenach Rzeczypospolitej, a przede wszystkim na terenach Wielkiego Ksistwa Litewskiego, byy odwzorowaniem hierarchii spoecznej Zotej Ordy.

Sprawa za wygldaa nastpujco - szlachta czy arystokracja tatarska, posiadajca podobne przywileje na Litwie, uzyskiwaa powiadczenie szlachectwa w Zotej Ordzie, ktre byo podstaw do uzyskania szlachectwa na Litwie, mwic dzisiejszym jzykiem - powiadczenie szlachectwa wystawione przez chana krymskiego czy kazaskiego byo potwierdzane przez Wielkiego Ksicia Litewskiego, a pniej przez krlw i Sejm Rzeczypospolitej.

Inaczej wygldaa sytuacja z kniaziami tatarskimi i pniej litewskimi. Dawna, przedrozbiorowa Rzeczpospolita jak wiemy nie uznawaa adnych tytuw arystokratycznych, o ile dany rd nie pochodzi od jakiej dynastii panujcej.

A wic, Tatarzy uywajcy na Litwie tytuu kniaziw, byli najbliszymi krewnymi lub potomkami czonkw dynastii panujcej w Zotej Ordzie. Bya to pierwsza, najmniej liczna grupa tatarskiej arystokracji. Tytuy owe zatwierdza krl i sejm Rzeczpospolitej w kadym przypadku osobno.

Dalsz grup bya szlachta tatarska, pniej litewska, tak zwani - Tatarzy hospodarscy. W hierarchii tytularnej u Tatarw wygldao to nastpujco - najpierw byli kniaziowie, noszcy te czasem tytu carewiczw, jeeli byli bliskimi krewnymi panujcego chana, potem w hierarchii usytuowani byli begowie lub z turecka bejowie, dalej szli murzowie (Mirza tub murza - synonim; od sowa emir-zade - czyli dosownie syn Emira tj. panujcego), po mirzach za nastpowali nisi w hierarchii uanowie - sowo to pochodzi od sowa oglan, lub ohlan - co oznacza chopiec, chwat, dzielny. Z czasem bejowie, tj. kniaziowie i carewicze, przestali uywa tytuu beja czy bega. Od XVII w. uywali tytuu murza lub rnirza, jak reszta szlachty tatarskiej w Polsce.

W dalszych moich wywodach zajm si tak pochodzeniem herbw tatarskiej szlachty, jak i histori, jake barwn, poszczeglnych rodw. Na pocztek staraem si da rys oglny pooenia tatarskich rodzin szlacheckich w Rzeczypospolitej."

The Tatatrs of Commonwelath known also as Lithuanian Tatars bound its fate with Poland about 600 years ago coming to Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth from Golden Horde, Khanates of Khazan, Astrakhan, Crimea, and Tatar states which were created after the break of Golden Horde. Main migration took place between end of 14th century and end of 16th century but some also came to Poland during bolshevik revolution. Since the end 18th century most of Tatars living on the territory of Commonwealth were polonised and also were taking active part in the fight for independence of Poland. Polish Tatars were called by both Poles and other Tatars and Turks "Lipki".

Khan Mehmed Gerey writes to Sigismund I King of Poland in his letter from year 1520:

"Our father lived in peace with both Polish king and Bey of Lipki (Polish Tatars). The country of Polish king and Bey of Lipki is same for us. We want from Poland and Lipki 15.000 Polish florens and the friends of Polish King and Lipki Bey will be our friends, your enemies will be our enemies".

Actually the person who was titled as Bey of Lipki wasnt any Tatar but Grand Duke of Lithuania who was also a leader of all Tatars in Lithuania.

Vitautas (pol. Witold) Grand Duke of Lithuania settled his tartars on the borders and ordered them to secure it. Tatars considered him as their Khan.

Many of the Tatars were accepted into ranks of nobles of Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth. Their rights were confirmed by king Sigismund Augustus in years 1561 and 1568, king Stephen Bathory in 1576, King Sigismundus III in 1609, king Michael Korybut Wisniowiecki in 1669 and by many bills of parliament.

Tatars in the Commonwealth were divided on 4 classes which were coming from the social divisions of Golden Horde. To become a noble in the Commonwealth a Tatar must have been considered as aristocrate in the standarts of Golden Horde. If Khan of Kazan or Crimea wittnessed that Tatar is a noble, his rights were being accepted in Poland and Lithuania and was reciving noble status in Commonwealth.Some of the Tatars had titles of "prince". In the Commonwealth the title of prince was legal only if someone was coming in the straight line from one of the ruling houses. Only Tatars that were coming from the ruling house of Golden Horde were allowed to use it. Each case was being judged individually by Polish-Lithuanian parliament and the king.

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  Quote Mosquito Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 18-Oct-2005 at 13:02

Cementary in Bochoniki, village in eastern Poland where live descendats of Tatars:

 

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  Quote Mosquito Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 18-Oct-2005 at 13:09

and another article i found in english:

http://www.nasza-sokolka.org/site/Tatarzy/art-72.html

 

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  Quote HistoryGuy Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 18-Oct-2005 at 16:45

I have found something interesting. My great grandmother's surname was Wielicki. Here is what I found. They are all Polish Nobility.

Kasprzycki's compendium lists [XII:126-7]:

WIELICKI
Arms BELINA; recorded circa 1480; from Wielgie in the district of Dobrzyn
[before 1795: w. of Inowrocl/aw].
--source: Bilin/ski.

WIELICKI nicknamed SO/JKA, the same as BABECKI and DOBROSIELSKI
Arms CHOLEWA, recorded circa 1480; from Wielgie in the district of Lipno
[before 1795: w. of Inowrocl/aw -- 1900: g. of Pl/ock], and from Dobrzyn.
--sources: Paprocki, Niesiecki, Borkowski.

WIELICKI
Arms JUNOSZA, recorded circa 1480; from Wielgie in the district of Dobrzyn,
and from Sandomierz.
--sources: Paprocki, Okolski, Nieskiecki, Borkowski, Boniecki.

WIELICI also called TYLICKI
Arms LUBICZ, recorded circa 1500; from Wielgie in the district of Dobrzyn.
--sources: Paprocki, Niesiecki, Borkowski, Krzepela.

WIELICKI
Arms SYROKOMLA variation, recorded circa 1528; from Wolhynia.
--sources: Wolhynian Metryca, Borkowski.

WIELICKI
Arms WCZELE, recorded circa 1480; from Wielgie in the district of Dobrzyn.
--source: Bilin/ski.

WIELICKI or WIELECKI, WELICKI, WELECKI princes
Arms ARMS OF RUSSIA, recorded circa 1500; from Welick in the district of
Kowel [Wolhynia].  A princely family descended from Rurik.
--sources: Lithuanian Metryca, Boniecki, Borkowski, Wolf.

WIELICKI nicknamed STERNA
Arms unknown; recorded circa 1560; from Wielhie in the district of Lipno.
--source: Bilin/ski.

WIELICKI
Arms unknown, recorded circa 1630; a christianized Tartar family, descended
from Tulu Bey.
--source: Dziadulewicz.

Note: My Great Grandparents were both Polish Catholic, and fairly dark but not fully. Dark black hair, and a light olive skin.

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  Quote Mosquito Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 18-Oct-2005 at 19:55

 

the name of district - Lipno - suggest that he was Tatar, Lipno sounds like name of the place where live Lipki - Polish Tatars.

If you are really descendant of those brave and valiant people you can be really proud of your genealogy



Edited by Mosquito
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  Quote Scytho-Sarmatian Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 19-Oct-2005 at 05:39
Originally posted by Temujin

no, Baator (Ba'atur in old Mongolian) means hero.

but Uhlan in this case comes from Turkic Oglan, which means youth IIRC.



That doesn't make much sense to me, and since you're not Mongolian I'm not overly inclined to believe you.  I think your opinion reflects some kind of mix-up or misunderstanding.  After all, how could the word "Ulan" mean "red" in Mongolian and "hero" in Tatar?  Aren't those languages closely related (or nearly identical)?  How could that difference possibly come about?  

If a Mongolian member would clear this up it would be great.  If you are Mongolian and you are reading this, what do the words Ulan and Bataar mean in your language?  Thank you in advance for any replies.


Edited by Scytho-Sarmatian
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  Quote Raider Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 19-Oct-2005 at 06:01
Originally posted by Scytho-Sarmatian

Originally posted by Temujin

no, Baator (Ba'atur in old Mongolian) means hero.

but Uhlan in this case comes from Turkic Oglan, which means youth IIRC.



That doesn't make much sense to me, and since you're not Mongolian I'm not overly inclined to believe you.  I think your opinion reflects some kind of mix-up or misunderstanding.  After all, how could the word "Ulan" mean "red" in Mongolian and "hero" in Tatar?  Aren't those languages closely related (or nearly identical)?  How could that difference possibly come about?  

If a Mongolian member would clear this up it would be great.  If you are Mongolian and you are reading this, what do the words Ulan and Bataar mean in your language?  Thank you in advance for any replies.
Btor means brave in Hungarian. It is possible that there is a connection.
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  Quote HistoryGuy Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 19-Oct-2005 at 13:04
I am not Mongolian, but possibly Tatar.
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  Quote Temujin Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 19-Oct-2005 at 14:18

Originally posted by Scytho-Sarmatian


That doesn't make much sense to me, and since you're not Mongolian I'm not overly inclined to believe you.  I think your opinion reflects some kind of mix-up or misunderstanding.  After all, how could the word "Ulan" mean "red" in Mongolian and "hero" in Tatar?  Aren't those languages closely related (or nearly identical)?  How could that difference possibly come about?  

If a Mongolian member would clear this up it would be great.  If you are Mongolian and you are reading this, what do the words Ulan and Bataar mean in your language?  Thank you in advance for any replies.

 

well, if you are not content with my translation, then what do yous uggest Ulaan Baator means? Hero Hero? Baator is modern form of Ba'atur, title of Temjins father and Sbe'edai, and it means hero like Turkic Tarkhan.

here's the proove that Ulaan Baator means Red Hero: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulaan-Baatar

Oglan means youth in turkish, a name given to Turkic cadettes of elite troops, usually of noble birth. like the Acemi Oglan of the Janissary corps.

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