Gunpowder Weapons and Military Architecture

I think it is fascinating how late medi�val and Renaissance architecture changed to accomodate the invention of gunpowder weapons.  Not only were city walls thickened and angled to deflect cannon shot, but towers were developed to contain cannon, hence we get artillery towers.  Military architects of Italian Republics came up with the angled bastion, designed to reflect cannon shot and to trap besieging forces in a cross of enfilading fire.  The immediate examples of gunpowder architecture that I can think of are Castel San Angelo in Rome, where Pope Clement VII stayed during the sack of Rome in 1527, the walls and towes outside the Kremlin in Russia, and some castles in Siena from the 16th century.

Do gunpowder weapons and military architecture interest anyone at the forum?  Do you have any good pictures of artillery towers and angled bastions that you can post?  I have found some online but may have missed others.

I am also looking for some examples of Ottoman military architecture that accomodates gunpowder weapons technology.  I have come across some information in a journal article and in a few small references in books.  Please post any recommendations and suggestions that you might have.

Let the discussion begin!

Originally posted by Argentum Draconis Who sacked Rome in 1527?

Charles, duke of Bourbon could not pay his mercenary army after the battle of Pavia.  To compensate he allowed them to plunder and fourage in the Italian countryside.  They eventually tore through Rome and made the Pope Clement VII retreat to the Castel San Angelo, which is a fortification with cannon built on the tomb of the Roman emperor Hadrian.  What is ironic, becasue the duke of Bourbon was a Catholic ruler in the service of the Catholic emperor Charles V, was that his mercenaries were Protestant German landsnechts!

Now, Draconis, do you have an interest in this topic, Gunpowder Weapons and Military Architecture? 

hope this link works...

its not all about gun towers but it has some facinating stuff
http://www.google.com/search?q=pre%20gunpowder%20cannon%20 towers&svnum=10&hl=en&lr=&safe=off&sa=N& amp;tab=iw
its the very first link on the list....its a power point presentation

Yes, I have Parker, and there is a really fascinating collection of essays on the whole concept of "military revolution" published in 1995:

"The Military Revolution Debate, the Military Transformation of Early Modern Europe."

ISBN 0-8133-2053-4

Great stuff on technology and fortifications, financial matters, the change in the social position of the soldier, etc., etc.

Parker, Michael Roberts, J. Black, Guilmartin, John Lynn, D. Parrott and others.....Sometimes these things are dry, but I found this one fascinating.