History of Genocide

Seko , my main "man"..

Sorry for putting u in this tight position...It was just my reaction for the crap some people write in here ( including u sometimes ) ...

No Seko ...i dont want these ....Turkish testimonies=biased....Greek testimonies= biased.....the multitudes of newspaper men , may have been bribed from one side , or the other which makes them biased too....u name it u have it...

No...I want OFFICIAL documents from UN Organisations....An this window is not narrow ...its a wide open balcony , as UN are examining EVERY acusation and give the world their UNBIASED resolution..And besides , its not that smart from ur ( not personal ) side to boost for the UN plan for the unification of Cyprus , but denying everything else which UN have ruled against u...

Seko...why do i have to remind u all the times some essentials ....U just forgot to give the link for the above...So please do it , just for me to examine it...And i mean the UN link....ok ??

As i said ...lets see the dates that this was issued , let us read all of it and then we can discuss it ..... NOT before , as u r trying to do , giving ur inerpretations...

Isk.

Originally posted by Molossos I see that the "memetia" responded according to their national values and principles of chopping heads (see oguzoglu) and drinking blood (akinci). Anyway, the fact that you misunderstood my words because of bad knowledge of English (since I said IF I ever have, not that I would like to) or misinterpreted them on purpose so that they fit your counter arguments, does not interest me much. It is obvious that Greeks and Turks will never live in harmony, due to the disputes between their states. I didn't characterize Turkish people in general by telling the truth. And if lack of belief in political correctness from my part is evident of fascism, then I admit that I am the greatest fascist in the world. Originally posted by Oguzoglu  ...I bet even a couple of women in Smyrna can deal with you having an AK-47, without the reinforcement of 70 million other Turks ...  Peace out man, you are watching too many Hollywood type movies (women handling rifles etc).

Yes.You are a facist.But a pathetic one

As you may know, getting my hands on a united nations document is difficult to attain.

Request Resources: This service is only available to staff of the UN Secretariat , staff of Permanent Missions and other authorized users of the Dag Hammarskjold Library at United Nations Headquarters, New York. Please provide your contact information.

, http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm20040 5/cmselect/cmfaff/113/113we45.htm  , http://www.atmg.org/GreekProblem.html,

On 10 September 1964 the UN Secretary-General reported (UN doc. S/5950):

  "UNFICYP carried out a detailed survey of all damage to properties throughout the island during the disturbances, . . . . . . . . . it shows that in 109 villages, most of them Turkish-Cypriot or mixed villages, 527 houses have been destroyed while 2,000 others have suffered damage from looting. In Ktima 38 houses and shops have been destroyed totally and 122 partially. In the Orphomita suburb of Nicosia, 50 houses have been totally destroyed while a further 240 have been partially destroyed there and in adjacent suburbs."

_______________________________________--

 The UNFICYP observations have established that during the month of July the �Cyprus Government� imported large amounts of arms and equipment which came in the main through Limassol docks. In addition, an estimated 5,000 personnel entered the island in the same way, presumably from Greece. It is beleived that the imports of arms and military equipment were in excess of 3,000 tons of freight, which left Limassol docks in some 1,000 lorry-loads. UNFICYP has some estimates on the details of these imports, but it is not the purpose of this report to disseminate military intelligence.

Noting that the present situation with regard to Cyprus is likely to threaten international peace and security and may further deteriorate unless additional measures are promptly taken to maintain peace and to seek out a durable solution.
Considering the positions taken by the parties in relation to the Treaties signed at Nicosia on 16 August 1960,

Having in mind the relevant provisions of the Charter of the United Nations and its Article 2, paragraph 4, which reads: "All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State, or in any other manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations."

1. Calls upon all Member States, in conformity with their obligations under the Charter of the United Nations, to refrain from any action or threat of action to worsen the situation in the sovereign Republic of Cyprus, or to endanger international peace;

2. Asks the Government of Cyprus, which has the responsibility for the maintenance and restoration of law and order, to take all additional measures necessary to stop violence and bloodshed in Cyprus;

3. Calls upon the communities in Cyprus and their leaders to act with the utmost restraint;

4. Recommends the creation, with the consent of the Government of Cyprus, of a United Nations Peace-Keeping Force in Cyprus. The composition and size of the Force shall be established by the Secretary-General, in consultation with the Governments of Cyprus, Greece, Turkey and the United Kingdom. The commander of the Force shall be appointed by the Secretary-General and report to him. The Secretary-General, who shall keep the Governments providing the Force fully informed, shall report periodically to the Security Council on its operation;

5. Recommends that the function of the Force should be in the interest of preserving international peace and security, to use its best efforts to prevent a recurrence of fighting and, as necessary, to contribute to the maintenance and restoration of law and order and a return to normal conditions;

6. Recommends that the stationing of the Force shall be for a period of three months, all costs pertaining to it being met, in a manner to be agreed upon by them, by the Governments providing the contingents and by the Government of Cyprus. The Secretary-General may also accept voluntary contributions for the purpose;

7. Recommends further that the Secretary-General designate, in agreement with the Government of Cyprus and the Governments of Greece, Turkey and United Kingdom a mediator who shall use his best endeavours with the representatives of the communities and also with the aforesaid four Governments, for the purpose of promoting a peaceful solution and an agreed settlement of the problem confronting Cyprus, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, having in mind the well- being of the people as a whole and the preservation of international peace and security. The mediator shall report periodically to the Secretary-General on his efforts;

8. Requests the Secretary-General to provide, from funds of the United Nations, as appropriate, for the remuneration and expenses of the mediator and his staff.

Adopted unanimously at the 1102nd meeting.

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http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/johnsonlb/xvi/4769.htm

Telegram From the Embassy in Cyprus to the Department of State/1/

Nicosia, October 6, 1964, 6 p.m.

585. As we have reported and as has been observed by USUN (USUN's 962 and 963 to Dept)/2/ Makarios has apparently adopted policy of "killing Turks with kindness" at least for period before UNGA. This Greek Cypriot policy combined with GOT's apparent willingness make major concessions on Kyrenia Road which in effect would mark beginning of disintegration entire Turkish Cypriot position on island (Embtel 578)/3/ give us some reason to believe that our present policy is by and large proving successful on surface. However, it seems to us that any US policy which is confined merely to keeping lid on situation in Cyprus must be based on using time gained to obtain two results:

1. To bring GOT and Turkish Cypriots to accept concept of enosis with guarantees of rights for Turkish minority plus some face-saving gesture;

2. To bring GOC and other pro-Western elements on island into strong enough position vis-�-vis Makarios to enforce guarantees to Turkish minority and provide face-saving gesture to GOT.

Article 6

25. As it was mentioned above, the Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus defines and safeguards a number of fundamental human rights, providing also a considerable number of remedies for the effective enforcement of these rights. The legislative, executive and judicial authorities of the Republic of Cyprus are obliged to secure the effective implementation of the provisions concerning all fundamental rights and liberties provided in the Constitution (art. 35).

26. If these provisions are violated in any way by any law, the courts can declare such law to be unconstitutional. During any judicial proceeding any of the parties can raise the unconstitutionality of the relevant law and the Supreme Court will then examine the matter. Article 146 of the Constitution grants the right to apply to the Supreme Court for the annulment of any administrative act which violates any one of the human rights safeguarded by the Constitution or any law (including the International Conventions ratified by the Republic).

27. A right to get compensation is also provided in article 146 of the Constitution in cases where the administrative authorities concerned do not comply with the decision of the Supreme Court. In accordance with article 172 of the Constitution, the Republic is liable for any wrongful act or omission that causes damage and which is committed in the exercise or purported exercise of the duties of officers or authorities of the Republic.

28. Another article which constitutes an important safeguard of a number of human rights is article 155, paragraph 4. According to this article any person has the right to apply to the Supreme Court for the issue, depending on the circumstances of the case, of "orders in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari". Furthermore, if there is a violation of any human right, the person aggrieved has the right to address written requests or complaints to any competent public authority and to have them considered, and decided upon expeditiously (art. 29). If the person aggrieved is not satisfied with the way his case was dealt with by the relevant authorities he may apply to the appropriate court (art. 29, para. 2). Article 30 provides that "no person shall be denied access to the court assigned to him by or under the Constitution".

29. Any party to judicial proceedings, civil or criminal, may appeal to the Supreme Court against the judgement of a first instance court. Persons who are victims of discrimination by any individual can get compensation without having to prove any actual material damage. They can also ask for a provisional or permanent injunction restraining the relevant discrimination.

30. In Cyprus elementary and secondary schools are mainly public schools under the control of the Ministry of Education. Primary education and the first three grades of secondary education (from ages 6 to 14) are free and compulsory. Secondary education is also free in all six grades.

31. As reported in previous reports, every person is allowed to attend a public school, including members of the religious groups. All religious groups are allowed to have their own schools and they have in fact exercised this right by establishing a number of schools of their own. The Government is subsidizing these schools.

32. As mentioned in previous reports, curricula in the fields of history and civics have, as one of their main objectives, the promotion of respect for other people and understanding of their contribution to civilization and the importance of the spirit of cooperation between nations.

33. More specifically, in the history curricula it is suggested:

(a) That pupils should be made conscious of the fact that the world culture is the result of collective human effort, struggle and sacrifice;

(b) That historical events should be represented from various points of view and in an objective manner; and

(c) That pupils should understand the interdependence of people and their need to communicate and cooperate.

34. In the civics curricula it is suggested:

(a) That pupils should develop an interest in world problems;

(b) That pupils should be encouraged to avoid dogmatism and make use of dialogue to reach mutual understanding;

(c) That their approach to other people should be one of tolerance and mutual respect; and

(d) That they should respect the right of self-determination and racial equality.

35. Books used in the teaching of literature include texts of foreign literature representing human situations common to all nations. Also, texts presenting brotherly relations between peoples of different ethnic origin are used. International understanding is also sought through the foreign language curricula and methodology.

36. Secondary schools in Cyprus celebrate anniversaries and events relating to United Nations Day, Human Rights Day, International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, Commonwealth Day as well as Europe Day.

37. The basic articles of the Charter of the United Nations referring to human rights are part of the civics curriculum taught in the third and fifth class in all secondary schools.

38. It is worthwhile mentioning in this respect that many primary and secondary schools of Cyprus participate in the UNESCO Associated Schools Project in Education for International Cooperation and Peace. These Associated Schools organize a variety of activities and annual symposiums with debates, exhibitions and concerts, with a view to promoting international understanding tolerance and friendship.

39. In the field of information several measures have been taken during the period under review, with a view to promoting the objectives of article 7 of the Convention.

40. The Press and Information Office supplied with relevant literature various associations and unions that organized events against racial discrimination. These events were covered by the press. On the occasion of the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, the Government Press and Information Office, as well as the press, published relevant articles.

41. As regards the role of the mass media, the Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) adheres to the purposes and principles of the Convention and as a matter of principle its broadcasts are not only devoid of any discrimination, but are most emphatically directed against any form of racial discrimination.

42. The Republic of Cyprus has now established its own university, the University of Cyprus, under Law No. 144 of 1989. The university is open to everyone who passes certain entry examinations. It serves the needs of all the citizens of the Republic of Cyprus and also accepts foreign students. All fees that are paid by the students are returned to those of them who attain a certain level of academic performance that is determined by the university.

43. One of the purposes of the university which is particularly important as far as racial discrimination is concerned is the contribution towards the mutual understanding between the communities of the Republic and the promotion of their traditions and civilization.

To be continued..

B. Enclaved Greek Cypriots

54. As a result of the Turkish invasion and occupation, approximately 20,000 Greek Cypriots remained in their villages in the occupied area in the wake of the invasion (S/11488, annex, para. 4). Out of these 20,000 only a few hundred now remain (544 in November 1993, according to a report of the Secretary-General, S/26777, para. 74). This is the result of a persistent policy of harassment, racial discrimination, intimidation and coercion carried out by the Turkish occupation army in order to force the enclaved Greek Cypriots to move to the part under Government control.

55. The enclaved live under highly restrictive conditions and continue to suffer flagrant violations of their basic human rights and freedoms, contrary to international humanitarian law and the Vienna III Agreement of 2 August 1975. It will be recalled that that Agreement was reached under the auspices of the Secretary-General and aimed at improving the living conditions of Greek Cypriots in the occupied area, to provide them with facilities for education and for the practice of their religion, as well as medical care by their own doctors and freedom of movement in the occupied area, to secure free and normal access by UNFICYP to Greek Cypriot villages and habitations and to give priority to the reunification of families by allowing Greek Cypriots forcibly evicted from their homes to return thereto (S/11789), annex. In flagrant violation of the Agreement, as well as internationally accepted principles of human rights and humanitarian law, the Turkish occupation regime continues to apply a racist and inhuman policy against the Greek Cypriot enclaved, including:

56. Denial of access to medical doctors and educational facilities. No Greek Cypriot doctors were allowed to be settled in the area or visit the enclaved on a regular basis. No secondary schools were allowed to operate, resulting in further expulsions and separation of families, the children being forced to pursue their studies in the Government-controlled area. As a result, the number of Greek Cypriot pupils attending school in the occupied territory of Cyprus is decreasing dramatically. The two Greek Cypriot primary schools in the Karpas operate under primitive conditions, while censorship of basic textbooks (on history, religion, geography of Cyprus and Greek literature) and undue delays in deliveries of books and other educational material further hamper the education of the enclaved children.

57. The Secretary-General of the United Nations in his latest report to the Security Council (S/26777) strongly criticized this policy when he reported that over the past four years school texts, destined for Greek Cypriot schools in the Karpas, were vetted claiming that they contained material considered inaccurate and offensive to the Turkish Cypriots. Delivery of such books has thus been delayed and the schooling of the children concerned adversely affected (para. 75).

58. At the beginning of March 1994, the Greek Cypriot teacher of the enclaved school in Ayia Triada, Ms. Eleni Foka, was very nearly expelled after making a public statement to the effect that she felt threatened. It was only after repeated protests that her expulsion was prevented.

59. Separation of families. Many families are still separated as a result of the forcible division of the country and its people. As mentioned above, the refusal to allow the operation of Greek Cypriot secondary schools in the occupied area forces the enclaved children to move to the Government-controlled area to attend school there. These children are not allowed to visit their parents in the occupied area, except for Christmas, Easter and summer vacation. Boys over the age of 16 and girls over the age of 18 are excluded from such visits. Relatives of the enclaved residing in the Government-controlled area are not allowed to cross to the occupied area, even in cases of deaths or funerals of close relatives.

60. It should be mentioned in this respect that the European Commission on Human Rights in its report of 4 October 1983 concluded that, "in the cases of continued separation of families from Turkey's refusal to allow the return of Greek Cypriots to their family members in the north, Turkey continues to violate Article 8 of the Convention".

61. Restrictions of movement. The Greek Cypriots enclaved are restricted to their villages and immediate surroundings. For any movement outside their villages they have to submit an "application" and seek special permission from the occupation regime. Inhuman restrictions also continue to be imposed concerning temporary visits of the enclaved to the Government-controlled areas.

62. Restrictions in the movement of UNFICYP. The United Nations peace-keeping Force in Cyprus which under the Vienna III Agreement should have "free access to Greek Cypriot villages and habitations" in the occupied area, continues to be severely restricted by the occupation forces in performing its responsibilities.

63. The Secretary-General, in his report to the Security Council dated 30 November 1991 (S/24050), stated: "In addition, on a number of occasions UNFICYP was impeded ... while conducting humanitarian tasks in support of Greek Cypriots in the north. Access to the Greek Cypriots living in the Karpas peninsula by UNFICYP humanitarian staff and civilian police was on several occasions denied and on three occasions UNFICYP staff were delayed and verbally abused by police officials. UNFICYP must rely on the steadfast cooperation of all parties and uninterrupted freedom of movement in carrying out its established and important humanitarian duties and responsibilities" (para. 7).

64. Forced or compulsory labour by the enclaved. All enclaved male Greek Cypriots between the ages of 18 and 50 are forced to report to the illegal "police station" in Rizokarpaso every Friday at 3 p.m. There they have to wait for 45-60 minutes. During this time they are forced to clean the "station", the yard and the adjacent streets.

65. Harassment, intimidation and violence. The enclaved are subjected to constant harassment and there have been many cases over the years of violent actions against the enclaved, including arson, theft, assault, looting, robbery and murder.

66. Seizure, appropriation, exploitation and distribution of land, houses, enterprises and industries belonging to Greek Cypriots. The Greek Cypriots who were forcibly expelled from their homes continue to be arbitrarily deprived of their properties in the occupied areas. Such properties continue to be illegally distributed by the Turkish occupation forces to persons other than their legal owners, including to Turkish mainland settlers.

67. The Committee in its decision 1 (XXVII) expressed "alarm by the fact that changes in the demographic composition of the population on the part of the territory which is not under the control of the Government of Cyprus, which exclude a considerable part of the population from the enjoyment of their legitimate rights, have been brought about and are continuing".

68. The systematic colonization by Turkey of the occupied area through the massive importation of settlers from mainland Turkey and their settlement into the homes of the displaced Greek Cypriots continues, constituting yet another proof of the Turkish objectives, i.e. to turn the occupied area into a wholly Turkish-populated area.

69. It is estimated that the Turkish mainland settlers now well exceed 80,000, while over 50,000 Turkish Cypriots have emigrated abroad because of increasing unemployment and violations of their basic human rights. The above figures show that settlers, together with the 40,000 Turkish occupation troops, outnumber the Turkish Cypriots and play a decisive role in the political and economic activity of the occupied areas, while at the same time serving Turkey's objective of changing the demographic composition of the island and distorting the population balance between the two communities.

70. The colonization policy of Turkey recently received the attention of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe when the Assembly examined and adopted the report of the Rapporteur of the Committee on Refugees, Migration and Demography, Mr. Alfonse Cuco, who visited Cyprus in 1991. Mr. Cuco reported extensively on the massive influx of Turkish mainland settlers, a policy which he characterized as an obstacle to the finding of a solution to the Cyprus problem. (Doc. 6589 dated 27 April 1992, Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe). Based on the report, the Parliamentary Assembly condemned the colonization policy of Turkey in Recommendation No. 1187(1992) adopted on 7 October 1992.

71. Despite international condemnation of its colonization policy, the Government of Turkey, which maintains full control of the occupied area through the presence of its armed forces, has continued to pursue this anachronistic policy in Cyprus. Thousands of new settlers have arrived since Mr. Cuco's report, so-called passport requirements between Turkey and the occupied area have been abolished, thus opening the way to more uncontrolled workers and settlers, and a new "citizenship law" was adopted in May 1993. The main characteristics of the new "law" is excessive flexibility on the issue of acquiring so-called citizenship.

72. Furthermore, every "election" in the occupied area was preceded by massive waves of "naturalization" and by the granting of "voting rights" to thousands of new "citizens" who would thus render their support and keep in power the illegal regime. Thus, as reported on 5 August 1993 by the Turkish Cypriot daily Yeniduzen, some 5,000 people were expected to be "naturalized" as a result of the new "citizenship law".

73. It is clear from the above that the Turkish policy of colonization continues unabated and constitutes a serious obstacle to efforts to find a solution to the Cyprus problem.

74. Religious property is a particular target of the Turkish aim to destroy the cultural identity of the occupied area and the ages-old cultural heritage and tradition. Greek Orthodox churches continue to be converted into mosques, vandalized or turned into entertainment centres and recreation halls. Cemeteries are being desecrated and vandalized. Antiquities, mosaics and even frescoes continue to be removed and smuggled to international dealers.

75. On the basis of what is reported above it is quite evident that for almost 20 years the Government of the Republic of Cyprus has been unable to exercise its full responsibility for the fulfilment of its obligations under the Convention throughout its territory. In fact, it is prevented from doing so by the use of force.

76. The United Nations Secretary-General in his latest report to the Security Council (S/26777) made it abundantly clear that "The status quo, which the Security Council has deemed to be unacceptable, was established through the use of force and is sustained by military strength". This unequivocal position of the Secretary-General should be duly noted by the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, which is once again called upon to continue to keep the situation under close examination.

77. In conclusion, it is recalled that the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination in its decision 1 (XXVII) "expressed once again its grave concern and its earnest hope that the General Assembly and other appropriate bodies of the United Nations will take, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, the measures required for the implementation of their relevant resolutions and decisions". It is encouraging that the Security Council in its resolution 889(1993) of 15 December 1993, decided to "undertake a thorough review of the situation and, if necessary, to consider alternative ways to promote the implementation of its resolutions on Cyprus".