QuoteReplyTopic: Poland, original land of legendary Iranian tribes Posted: 14-Oct-2010 at 06:08
Of course this is just a theory but it is not my fault that no one has researched about it, I believe in a migration from Poland to the west of the Caspian sea and then western Iran, another interesting thing is that Persians call Poland as Lakhistan which means "Land of Lakh", a large number of people in Luristan province of Iran also call themselves Lakh/Lak: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lak_people_(Iran) and of course in the west of the Caspian sea, Dagestan of Russia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lak_people_(Dagestan) and just in these two regions: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lak_people
[QUOTE=Cyrus Shahmiri]Of course this is just a theory but it is not my fault that no one has researched about it, I believe in a migration from Poland to the west of the Caspian sea and then western Iran, another interesting thing is that Persians call Poland as Lakhistan which means "Land of Lakh", a large number of people in Luristan province of Iran also call themselves Lakh/Lak: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lak_people_(Iran) and of course in the west of the Caspian sea, Dagestan of Russia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lak_people_(Dagestan) and just in tow regions: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lak_people
"There is, however, a group of languages, where the exonym for Poland derives from the name of Lendians, a proto-Polish tribe that lived around the confluence of rivers Vistula and San, in what is now south-eastern Poland. Their name derived probably from the Proto-Polish word lęda, or "scorched land".[3] Not surprisingly, exonyms of this kind are used primarily by the peoples who lived east or south of Poland. Among those exonyms are:
лях (lyakh) used in East Slavic languages. The historical region of Poland on the Belarusian border known as Podlachia (Polish Podlasie) derives its name from that East Slavic exonym. Today, Lachy Sądeckie is a name of a small cultural group around Nowy Sącz in southern Lesser Poland. In Polish literature, the word Lachy is used by East Slavic characters as synonyms for "Poles" and "Poland".
TurkishLehistan (now considered obsolete and replaced by Polonya).[4] The former became the basis for Poland exonyms in a number of other Middle Eastern languages, including: Armenian Լեհաստան, Lehastan; Persian, Tajik لهستان, Lahestan. "
Edited by Mosquito - 14-Oct-2010 at 09:24
"I am a pure-blooded Polish nobleman, without a single drop of bad blood, certainly not German blood" - Friedrich Nietzsche
There is no single serious historian claiming that Poland was invaded by Normans or conquered by them. There was a theory that Mieszko I was a viking (given up long time ago) but there is complete lack of evidences and no German contemporary chronicler write about it. There were ties between Poland and Scandinavia like marriages in the royal famillies, aliances or wars but nothing what could suggest that just like in Russia, the rulers of Poland or creators of the state were of norse origin. Some theories come from the fact that on the grave of Boleslaw the Brave was incription : King of Poles and Gots, some other because Polish 15th century chronicler and some German chroniclers claimed that Poles comes from Wandals. Archeological discoveries bring only a lot of arms and armours of scandinavian origin but those can as well come from trade or from mercenries, who like Awdaniec familly came to Poland and served in royal army.
In fact the theory that Mieszko I was a viking invader was invented in Nazi Germany to explain that Slavs should be ruled by Germans.
"I am a pure-blooded Polish nobleman, without a single drop of bad blood, certainly not German blood" - Friedrich Nietzsche
Poland being the Iranian homeland is a laughable idea imo, but for the sake of sounding polite, here are the points to consider:
- Whatever records exist of the Kassites clearly show that their
language is isolate and unrelated to any other group (Meaning they're
not Iranian), not to mention they arrived from the east (Modern day
Iran).
- We know nothing of the Guti a side from the Sumerian records
mentioning them, we don't know about their language, their culture,
their foods, customs, so on, absolutely nothing, what we do know is that
they were portrayed as barbarian mountain tribes that came from the
Zagros, and we do have a list of king names, but once again the sound of
the names are unrelated to any other language, how do the Guti get
mixed up with Iranians and Poland goes beyond my head.
- The only Iranian presence in Eastern Europe is that of the Scythians,
and by the time they were in Europe it's way way too late to associate
with Indo-Iranian origins, by the time they got there there has already
been many Iranian groups all over, not to mention Greek historians
pointed out that the origin of the Scythians is actually somewhere in
South Central Asia but they ended up migrating to Eastern Europe due to
tribal wars and disputes with other Iranian groups.
- To determine Indo-Iranian culture one has to look at the earliest
Indo-Iranian records, in this respect the Rig Veda and the texts of
Zoroastrianism both point to a similar location which what could have
the land of the Aryan culture, the Rig Veda points to Northwest India
around the borders of Pakistan and Afghanistan, while Zoroastrianism
mentions an Aryan homeland around the region of Bactria (Around modern
day Afghanistan/Turkmenistan/Tajikistan), in other words South Central
Asia was likely the birthplace of Indo-Iranian (Aryan) culture.
- The Aryans were not a race but a culture, and among all Indo-European
peoples only the Indians and Iranians have used the term Arya, meaning
other Europeans are NOT Aryans, only those Indo-Iranian speakers have
this Aryan heritage.
- Possibly some of the Indo-Iranian ancestors came from Central Asia
(Before they were Indo-Iranians), I suppose as they migrated down in
South Central Asia they must have merged with native populations there
and created the Indo-Iranian (Aryan) branch.
Poland being the Iranian homeland is a laughable idea imo, but for the sake of sounding polite, here are the points to consider:
- Whatever records exist of the Kassites clearly show that their language is isolate and unrelated to any other group (Meaning they're not Iranian), not to mention they arrived from the east (Modern day Iran).
- We know nothing of the Guti a side from the Sumerian records mentioning them, we don't know about their language, their culture, their foods, customs, so on, absolutely nothing, what we do know is that they were portrayed as barbarian mountain tribes that came from the Zagros, and we do have a list of king names, but once again the sound of the names are unrelated to any other language, how do the Guti get mixed up with Iranians and Poland goes beyond my head.
- The only Iranian presence in Eastern Europe is that of the Scythians, and by the time they were in Europe it's way way too late to associate with Indo-Iranian origins, by the time they got there there has already been many Iranian groups all over, not to mention Greek historians pointed out that the origin of the Scythians is actually somewhere in South Central Asia but they ended up migrating to Eastern Europe due to tribal wars and disputes with other Iranian groups.
- To determine Indo-Iranian culture one has to look at the earliest Indo-Iranian records, in this respect the Rig Veda and the texts of Zoroastrianism both point to a similar location which what could have the land of the Aryan culture, the Rig Veda points to Northwest India around the borders of Pakistan and Afghanistan, while Zoroastrianism mentions an Aryan homeland around the region of Bactria (Around modern day Afghanistan/Turkmenistan/Tajikistan), in other words South Central Asia was likely the birthplace of Indo-Iranian (Aryan) culture.
- The Aryans were not a race but a culture, and among all Indo-European peoples only the Indians and Iranians have used the term Arya, meaning other Europeans are NOT Aryans, only those Indo-Iranian speakers have this Aryan heritage.
- Possibly some of the Indo-Iranian ancestors came from Central Asia (Before they were Indo-Iranians), I suppose as they migrated down in South Central Asia they must have merged with native populations there and created the Indo-Iranian (Aryan) branch.
I'm talking about the legendary Iranian tribes in this thread, not some known Iranian peoples, these are two different things, we certainly know that Iranian sources never mentioned Central Asia as the original land of Aryans, but just some of the earliest known Iranian peoples, like Sogdians and Bactrains, lived there.
According to Avesta, the original land of Aryans was Airyana Vaeja (Iran-vij) in a remote land in the north of the world, Zoroastrians believe that it was the first land which was created by Ahuramazda, you can't read about a similar land in any other Indo-European sources, except Germanic ones, we read in the Iranian and Germanic sources that three successive winters (Fimbulvetr in Norse mythology) caused a disorder and then a mass migration from this land.
3. There are ten winter months there, two summer months9; and those are cold for the waters10, cold for the earth, cold for the trees11. Winter falls there, the worst of all plagues. [Hum 35: "Ten are there the winter months, two the summer months, and even then [in summer] the waters are freezing, the earth is freezing, the plants are freezing; there is the center of winter, there is the heart of winter, there winter rushes around, there (occur) most damages caused by storm."]
It is really possible that it talks about the climate change that occurred in the Nordic countries, before this climate change, the Nordic countries were considerably warmer, you can read about it here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordic_Bronze_Age#Climate
Poland being the Iranian homeland is a laughable idea imo, but for the sake of sounding polite, here are the points to consider:
- Whatever records exist of the Kassites clearly show that their language is isolate and unrelated to any other group (Meaning they're not Iranian), not to mention they arrived from the east (Modern day Iran).
- We know nothing of the Guti a side from the Sumerian records mentioning them, we don't know about their language, their culture, their foods, customs, so on, absolutely nothing, what we do know is that they were portrayed as barbarian mountain tribes that came from the Zagros, and we do have a list of king names, but once again the sound of the names are unrelated to any other language, how do the Guti get mixed up with Iranians and Poland goes beyond my head.
- The only Iranian presence in Eastern Europe is that of the Scythians, and by the time they were in Europe it's way way too late to associate with Indo-Iranian origins, by the time they got there there has already been many Iranian groups all over, not to mention Greek historians pointed out that the origin of the Scythians is actually somewhere in South Central Asia but they ended up migrating to Eastern Europe due to tribal wars and disputes with other Iranian groups.
- To determine Indo-Iranian culture one has to look at the earliest Indo-Iranian records, in this respect the Rig Veda and the texts of Zoroastrianism both point to a similar location which what could have the land of the Aryan culture, the Rig Veda points to Northwest India around the borders of Pakistan and Afghanistan, while Zoroastrianism mentions an Aryan homeland around the region of Bactria (Around modern day Afghanistan/Turkmenistan/Tajikistan), in other words South Central Asia was likely the birthplace of Indo-Iranian (Aryan) culture.
- The Aryans were not a race but a culture, and among all Indo-European peoples only the Indians and Iranians have used the term Arya, meaning other Europeans are NOT Aryans, only those Indo-Iranian speakers have this Aryan heritage.
- Possibly some of the Indo-Iranian ancestors came from Central Asia (Before they were Indo-Iranians), I suppose as they migrated down in South Central Asia they must have merged with native populations there and created the Indo-Iranian (Aryan) branch.
I'm talking about the legendary Iranian tribes in this thread, not some known Iranian peoples, these are two different things, we certainly know that Iranian sources never mentioned Central Asia as the original land of Aryans, but just some of the earliest known Iranian peoples, like Sogdians and Bactrains, lived there.
According to Avesta, the original land of Aryans was Airyana Vaeja (Iran-vij) in a remote land in the north of the world, Zoroastrians believe that it was the first land which was created by Ahuramazda, you can't read about a similar land in any other Indo-European sources, except Germanic ones, we read in the Iranian and Germanic sources that three successive winters (Fimbulvetr in Norse mythology) caused a disorder and then a mass migration from this land.
3. There are ten winter months there, two summer months9; and those are cold for the waters10, cold for the earth, cold for the trees11. Winter falls there, the worst of all plagues. [Hum 35: "Ten are there the winter months, two the summer months, and even then [in summer] the waters are freezing, the earth is freezing, the plants are freezing; there is the center of winter, there is the heart of winter, there winter rushes around, there (occur) most damages caused by storm."]
It is really possible that it talks about the climate change that occurred in the Nordic countries, before this climate change, the Nordic countries were considerably warmer, you can read about it here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordic_Bronze_Age#Climate
Germany is out of the question with Zoroastrianism because the Vendidad Lands are places in South Central Asia in regions like modern Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan, this region is way too far from Germany.
Also to prove that the Aryan culture (At least the Iranian branch) is not a Eurasian Steppe culture, when the Aryan homeland is described, the terrain seems to be full of mountains and valleys, as far as I'm concerned the Steppe culture was a nomadic one that roamed in big fields, that's what the Steppes are all about, but we know in South Central Asia there are massive mountains and to this day, many people still live in these mountains and valleys.
As I said, the only Iranian presence in Eastern Europe is that of Scythian background (Sarmatians), and their arrival is way too late to associate with Indo-Iranian culture.
Germany is out of the question with Zoroastrianism because the Vendidad Lands are places in South Central Asia in regions like modern Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan, this region is way too far from Germany.
Also to prove that the Aryan culture (At least the Iranian branch) is not a Eurasian Steppe culture, when the Aryan homeland is described, the terrain seems to be full of mountains and valleys, as far as I'm concerned the Steppe culture was a nomadic one that roamed in big fields, that's what the Steppes are all about, but we know in South Central Asia there are massive mountains and to this day, many people still live in these mountains and valleys.
As I said, the only Iranian presence in Eastern Europe is that of Scythian background (Sarmatians), and their arrival is way too late to associate with Indo-Iranian culture.
Similar to what Darius the Great says in one of his inscriptions at Persepolis (DPh): "Darius the King says: This is the kingdom which I hold, from the Scythians who are beyond Sogdiana, thence to Ethiopia; from Sind thence to Sardis ", Vendidad also talks about some different regions from the northeast (Sogdiana) to the southeast (Hapta hindu) and finally ot the west (Arvastâni Rûm).
But the most impotant thing is the first land (Airyana Vaeja) which was too far from these regions, in fact we read in the different parts of Avesta about seven Karshvar: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karshvar (in Persian Karshvar means Country) in the land of Aryans, for example you can read in Vendidad: Fargard 19. http://www.avesta.org/vendidad/vd19sbe.htm that it first again says "1. From the region of the north, from the regions of the north, forth rushed Angra Mainyu, ..." then, as I said about in another thread about the similarities between Gathic (Old Avestan) language and Gothic language, it talks about Gathas: "38. 'I invoke the holy, beneficent Gathas, who rule over the Ratus ..."
and then we read about these seven countries:
39. 'I invoke the Karshvares of Arzahe and Savahe; 'I invoke the Karshvares of Fradadhafshu and Vidadhafshu;
'I invoke the Karshvares of Vourubaresti and Vouruzaresti;
'I invoke the bright Hvaniratha;
and finally it says: 'I invoke the Glory of the Aryan regions
As I said before, Hvaniratha (Land of the Vanir in the Norse Mythology) which was the central land of Aryans, was probably in modern Poland, Arzahe or Harzahe could be the same Harz region in the north of Germany, Svahe could be the same Old Norse Svea or Svava (modern Sweden) but as you read here: http://www.badenhausen.net/harz/svava/svava_en.htm 'Svava' or ' Swana' means the region of the Harz by evaluation of contemporary chronicles and old cartographic material.
Cyrus, just a guess from out in left field, but do you think that this Celtic place could be in any way related to your last post?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swansea
As you wrote above;
"As I said before, Hvaniratha (Land of the Vanir in the Norse Mythology) which was the central land of Aryans, was probably in modern Poland, Arzahe or Harzahe could be the same Harz region in the north of Germany, Svahe could be the same Old Norse Svea or Svava (modern Sweden) but as you read here: http://www.badenhausen.net/harz/svava/svava_en.htm 'Svava' or ' Swana' means the region of the Harz by evaluation of contemporary chronicles and old cartographic material."
Germany is out of the question with Zoroastrianism because the Vendidad Lands are places in South Central Asia in regions like modern Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan, this region is way too far from Germany.
Also to prove that the Aryan culture (At least the Iranian branch) is not a Eurasian Steppe culture, when the Aryan homeland is described, the terrain seems to be full of mountains and valleys, as far as I'm concerned the Steppe culture was a nomadic one that roamed in big fields, that's what the Steppes are all about, but we know in South Central Asia there are massive mountains and to this day, many people still live in these mountains and valleys.
As I said, the only Iranian presence in Eastern Europe is that of Scythian background (Sarmatians), and their arrival is way too late to associate with Indo-Iranian culture.
Similar to what Darius the Great says in one of his inscriptions at Persepolis (DPh): "Darius the King says: This is the kingdom which I hold, from the Scythians who are beyond Sogdiana, thence to Ethiopia; from Sind thence to Sardis ", Vendidad also talks about some different regions from the northeast (Sogdiana) to the southeast (Hapta hindu) and finally ot the west (Arvastâni Rûm).
But the most impotant thing is the first land (Airyana Vaeja) which was too far from these regions, in fact we read in the different parts of Avesta about seven Karshvar: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karshvar (in Persian Karshvar means Country) in the land of Aryans, for example you can read in Vendidad: Fargard 19. http://www.avesta.org/vendidad/vd19sbe.htm that it first again says "1. From the region of the north, from the regions of the north, forth rushed Angra Mainyu, ..." then, as I said about in another thread about the similarities between Gathic (Old Avestan) language and Gothic language, it talks about Gathas: "38. 'I invoke the holy, beneficent Gathas, who rule over the Ratus ..."
and then we read about these seven countries:
39. 'I invoke the Karshvares of Arzahe and Savahe; 'I invoke the Karshvares of Fradadhafshu and Vidadhafshu;
'I invoke the Karshvares of Vourubaresti and Vouruzaresti;
'I invoke the bright Hvaniratha;
and finally it says: 'I invoke the Glory of the Aryan regions
As I said before, Hvaniratha (Land of the Vanir in the Norse Mythology) which was the central land of Aryans, was probably in modern Poland, Arzahe or Harzahe could be the same Harz region in the north of Germany, Svahe could be the same Old Norse Svea or Svava (modern Sweden) but as you read here: http://www.badenhausen.net/harz/svava/svava_en.htm 'Svava' or ' Swana' means the region of the Harz by evaluation of contemporary chronicles and old cartographic material.
Cyrus, just a guess from out in left field, but do you think that this Celtic place could be in any way related to your last post?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swansea
As you wrote above;
"As I said before, Hvaniratha (Land of the Vanir in the Norse Mythology) which was the central land of Aryans, was probably in modern Poland, Arzahe or Harzahe could be the same Harz region in the north of Germany, Svahe could be the same Old Norse Svea or Svava (modern Sweden) but as you read here: http://www.badenhausen.net/harz/svava/svava_en.htm 'Svava' or ' Swana' means the region of the Harz by evaluation of contemporary chronicles and old cartographic material."
Regards,
According to your link "its name is derived from Sveinn's island (Old Norse: Sveinsey)", so it could be related.
"Scholars are thus fairly sure that the Prussians were part of a tribal family known as the Iranians, who were members of a still larger group called Aryans, a scattered assemblage of nomadic tribes whose original homeland was probably the European plains of southern Russia. Sometime between 2000 and 1800 BC, the Aryans began to migrate. Some moved to the Indian subcontinent; others turned westward through Iran and penetrated as far as northern Mesopotamia and Syria. About 1400 BC, a third group of Aryans-which included the Persians- moved into Iran from the northeast and gradually moved west.....
Journeying west, the Iranian tribes made their way across the plateau, skirting the Elburz Mountains that form its northern edge, and then turned southeast along the Zagros range that separates the plateau from the long-settled, thickly populated, fertile plains of the Mesopotamia. In their progress the Iranians shoved out or took over indigenous tribes such as the Guti and Lullubi who lived in the Zagros for centuries. The newcomers jostled with one another for the choicest territories, stayed for a while, moved on and settled again. The principal tribes of this immigrant wave included not only the Persians, but also the Medes- who became their neighbors on the Iranian plateau, and who formed a vital part of the history, first as the Persian masters, later as their leading vassals."
Dear Mosquito, could you give some information about doctrine of "Sarmatism" among Polish aristocracy in XV-ХVІІІ century?
Thanks in advance.
Well, I could but its a bit off topic.
Sarmatism was a ideology of noble class in Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania. Sarmatism was based on the belief that Poles are direct descendants of ancient Sarmatians so the Poles and also the Lithuanians were calling themselves Sarmatians, the state was somtimes called "Republic of both Sarmatia's", and everything in the culture was being adopted to the sarmatian standard. Part of this sarmatian style were sabres in turkish and persian style, cloths, paintings.
However some scientists claim that it is possible basing on facts that some coats of arms of Polish nobelity are very similar to sarmatian tamga's. Polish heraldry was born in 12/13 century and it is possible that some of the coats of arms were really based on tamga's that were used by Sarmatians.
Strong points of theory of sarmatian origins of Poles:
+ this theory explains the mysterious symbols (tamgs) of Sarmatians in the Polish coats of arms and names of this coats of arms like for example "Chamiec", "Roch", "Mora", "Doliwa", "Jaksa")
+this theory explains the 2-partial names of Slavs and Poles which were present in all Indoeuropean tribes except for Romans but only in slavic languages (especially in Polish) are so strict in its form. Some of those names sound even like being directly translated from Iranian. This was also very typical for Sarmatians.
+ this theory explains the expansion of Slavs in early medieval times, somthing unusual for the people who were settled farmers, it could have been inspired by the nobles of sarmatian origin for whom wandering was more typical than for settled farmers, what would last until the soughtern Slavs were conqured by Awars,
+this theory explains the names of cities and villages in Poland which come from the Iranian language
Now - what is TAMGA. In the culture of steppe people it were the symbols, signs which were weared on the shields and on other items. It was a simplified image of the animal or weapon or somthing like sun, thunder, bird but very simple in its form (look on the picture in my earlier post). In Sarmatian culture one Tamga was shared by big number of famillies or even by the whole tribe. Polish coats of arms dont look similar to the Tamga's of Scandinavians or Hungarians but they look excatly like sarmatian tamgas. In many cases the symbol on the shield of Polish knight was nothing more but exactly a sarmatian Tamga. This is somthing that cannot be find on the coats of arms in any other european country. And notice also the fact that only the earliest polish coats of arms are sarmatian in shape.
The problem is that there is no other theory explaining why polish coats of arms looks like many hundrieds years earlier sarmatian Tamga's and are very different (in fact unique) in Europe.
Afcourse in time Polish coats of arms were changing its shape, after reneissance so much that looked even different. The 11th century polish knight had on his coat sarmatian Tamga but his descendant 500 years later had it symbol which was only more less lokking like that Tamga.
Although the Polish heraldic system evolved under the influence of French and German heraldry, there are many notable differences.
The most striking peculiarity of the system is that a coat of arms does not belong to a single family. A number of unrelated families (sometimes hundreds of them), usually with a number of different family names, may use a coat of arms, and each coat of arms has its own name. The total number of coats of arms in this system was relatively low � ca. 200 in the late Middle Ages.
A single coat of arms could appear in slightly different versions, typically in different colours, depending on the custom of the family using it. Such versions ( odmiany ) are still considered to represent the same coat of arms.
One of the most visually striking characteristics of Polish heraldry is the abundance of gules fields. Among the oldest coats of arms in Poland, nearly half use a red background, with blue (azure) coming in a distant second. Nowhere else in Europe, shows such a strong bias towards a particular color scheme.
Other typical features used in Polish heraldry include horseshoes, arrows, Maltese crosses, scythes, stars and crescents. There are also many purely geometrical shapes for which a separate set of heraldic terms was invented. It has been suggested that originally all Polish coats of arms were based on such abstract geometrical shapes, but most were gradually "rationalized" into horseshoes, arrows and so on. If this hypothesis is correct, it suggests in turn that Polish heraldry, again unlike western European heraldry, may be at least partly derived from a kind of rune-like symbols: the Tamgas used by nomadic peoples of the Steppe, such as the Sarmatians or the Avars, to mark property. However, the evidence about the origins of the system is scanty, and this hypothesis has been criticized as being part of the Polish noble tradition of romanticizing their supposed Sarmatian ancestry. On this matter, research and controversy continues.
"I am a pure-blooded Polish nobleman, without a single drop of bad blood, certainly not German blood" - Friedrich Nietzsche
Mosquito, thank you very much. From a long time I`m in love in Polish history and culture. Polish history is great and tragic at once. You were one of the European superpowers and likewise felt the stigma of slavery (which fate make you close to us Bulgarians). Henryk Sienkiewicz had been my favourite author from childhood, and novels like "The Knights"-(Krzyżacy) and "Quo Vadis" formed my love towards history. I think that the Sarmatism of Polish nobility from Medieval times had always been big problem for the Pan-Slavic ideology and all Slavism in historic science. If we talking about old Polish heraldry I find this:
We can see many archaic Indo-European symbols there. Like "Swastika" on the coat of arms of clan Boreyko and "Triskelion" on the coat of arms of clan Rola. Of course the Cross is also in this group of symbols. I should note that this stile of figuration is quite similar with coat of arms of royal clan Dulo from early period of First Bulgarian empire, which is found everywhere in towns and fortress from that time:
and also the ancient Bulgarian runes:
I always ask the question where is the border between Sarmatians from Antiquity and so called Slavs from the pre-Medieval period? In the list of Sarmatian tribes by Roman authors we can find names like Serboi (Serbs), Horouathos (Croat), Venethi, Antae and many other. I have a feeling about strange metamorphosis in historic terminology.
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