QuoteReplyTopic: Kurdish ancestry: what is true, and what isn't? Posted: 19-Jan-2011 at 20:30
I find rather interesting
Some
Dimili Alevis, as well as the Yezidi clans, still maintain the ancient
Iranic rite of worshipping the deity represented as a sword stuck into
the ground. Mark Sykes in 1908 mentions this practice among a few Dimili
tribes: the Bosikân, Kuriân, and apparently also the Zekiri, Musi, and
Sarmi, but he adds that at the time the last three no longer practiced
it. This rite is mentioned by Herodotus for the Iranic Scythians and
Sarmatians (kinsmen of the Kurds and other Iranic peoples) in Ukraine of
2300 years ago. (The resemblancc between the Dimili tribal name Sarmi
and the that of Sarmatians is also worthy of note.) The image of the
sword stuck in the ground or a rock is of course similar to that of the
British Excalibur and King Arthur. There is a strong possibility that
the two are related. In AD 175, Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius assigned a
legion of Sarmatians from Pannonia (modern Hungary) to serve in England
and Scotland (the Sarmatians' comrnander's name was Lucius Artorius
Castus!). According to Nickel, the basic elements of the legend may have
been introduced into Britain by these Sarmatian settlers, and the
familiar story of Excalibur may thus be akin to this Dimili Alevi
religious practice. The Dimila are the last Iranic people still
practicing the ancient rite.
Sources: The Kurds, A Concise Handbook, By Dr. Mehrdad R. Izady,
Like I mentioned to you before, North and Central Kurds Iranic heritage mainly comes from Syctho-Sarmatians and less likely from Medes. The Kurds of Iran are likely descendeds from Medes. The Medes and Sycthians were very close.
Here is the tomb of Cyaxares (Havaxstra), the legendery king who overthrew the Assyrian Empire. It's near a Kurdish city Silemani in South Kurdistan (KRG = Kurdish Regional Government)! All Kurds are children of the Medes...
Even Cyaxares is buried in S. Kurdistan. How much evidence do you need?
The royal tomb of Phraortes ( 675- 653 BC ). The father of Cyaxares. He was Killed by the king of Assyria
It's near Hamadan, Kurdish city in eastern Kurdistan. The tomb of his son is near a southern Kurdish city Silemani. The Medes came from the east, defeated the Assyrians and settled in Kurdistan. Period !!!
Tomb of Phraortes (c. 665 - 633 BC, killed by Ashurbanipal). Hamadan, Kurdistan.
Tomb of Cyaxares (r. 625 - 585 BC, legendary King destroyed Assyria) . Silemani, Kurdistan.
I think Scythians and the Medes lived together, because a Scythian king, Madya conquered and ruled the Median Empire from c. 653-625 BCE.
The father of Phraortes was Diyako. He was a Mannaean provincial governor. The original homeland of Mannaeans was situated east and south of the Lake Urmia, near Mehabad, eastern Kurdistan.
Under HIS rule Ecbatana (Hamadan) was built. So the Mannaeans built Ecbatana. And they came from the Lake Urmia region, near Mehabad (eastern Kurdistan !!! ). The Medes annexed those Mannaeans.
Some areas of Central Kurdistan was likely Median, but what about Northern Kurds? They are likely descendeds of the Sycthians.
I also believe Northern Kurds are also descend from other Iranian tribes that had settled in Anatolia and eventually became Kurds. Kingdoms such as the Cappadocia and other iranic presences in Anatolia.
Briton unearths Herodotus' lost city of the Medes
An archaeologist's model brings history to life
By Simon de Bruxelles
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A LOST city described by the Greek historian Herodotus has been identified by a British archaeologist in central Turkey.
Geoffrey
Summers has identified the vast mountain site as Pteria, the western
capital of the Medes. The discovery may finally end the debate among
scholars about the veracity of Herodotus’ account.
Dr Summers’s work has provided the first concrete evidence of the
long-forgotten Medean empire. Using the latest archaeological surveying
techniques and computer graphics Dr Summers and his team have begun to
reconstruct a “virtual reality” model of the ancient city which,
according to Herodotus, was looted and burnt to the ground by the army
of the Lydian King Croesus.
In 1975, Dr Summers, 52, became fascinated by the fortified iron age
city on the side of a granite mountain called Kerkenes Dag. The 2.5 sq
km site is still surrounded by a 7km defensive wall with seven gates
that can be seen from space.
Beneath a 2,600-year-old shroud of soil everything is exactly as it
was left when the inhabitants of Pteria were reputedly marched off into
slavery. Because of the size of the site, conventional archaeological
techniques could provide only limited information about the development
of the city which, in its heyday in the fifth century BC, was home to
10,000 to 20,000 people.
Dr Summers and his wife Françoise have spent the past ten years
surveying the site using everything from aerial photography from a hot
air balloon to ground-penetrating radar and GPS to map the ancient
structures to an accuracy of 10cm. It is the first time such a large
archaeological site in Turkey has been mapped in such detail.
It was evidence of a great fire that convinced Mr Summers that he had
found Pteria, the western capital of the Medes, who emerged from
Ancient Persia in the sixth century BC to occupy what is now Eastern
Anatolia.
Although there are a few references to the Medes in later Greek and
Assyrian records, there is little contemporary evidence of their
existence, although the Kurds are widely thought to be their modern
descendants. According to Herodotus, the war between the Medes and the
Lydians culminated in the Battle of the Eclipse. As the battle raged, an
eclipse blacked out the sun and the combatants laid down their arms and
withdrew. The eclipse has allowed the battle to be dated to May 28,
585BC, when the city surveyed by Mr Summers would have been at its
height.
Within a generation Pteria had been sacked by Croesus and the site
abandoned and forgotten. Dr Summers has uncovered evidence that it was
looted and its fortifications toppled to prevent it being re-occupied.
The archaeological account ties in precisely with that of Herodotus.
Dr Summers said: “At the time we began studying the site there was a
view that Herodotus’ account was at best inaccurate or at worst made up.
There were even doubts about the Medean empire itself.
“Archaeologically, we know nothing about the Medes. This project puts them on the map and it supports Herodotus’ accounts.”
Dr Summers, who was born in London but has taught at the Middle East
Technical University in Ankara for 18 years, said: “The size and
complexity of the city are astonishing. It was built when the Greek city
states were colonising the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, so it fills
a gap in the history of city planning.”
This week Dr Summers became the only British recipient of the
bi-annual Rolex Awards for Enterprise. He will be presented with a
cheque for $35,000 (£22,500) at a ceremony at the Royal Insitution in
London on November 6. Dr Summers will use the money to rebuild the
city’s main gates, which stand 5m high, and to excavate more of the
palace complex. Norman Hammond, The Times archaeological
correspondent, said Dr Summers’ identification of the city was important
because it would shed light on the Medeans and allow artefacts to be
dated to within ten years.
Words of the 'legend'
“Croesus,
when he had crossed (the Halys River) with his army, came into
Cappadocian territory, to what is called Pteria. Pteria is the strongest
part of all that country and lies in a line with the city of Sinope, on
the Euxine Sea. There he encamped, destroying the farms of the Syrians
and he captured the city of the Pterians and made slaves of the people,
and he captured all the neighbouring towns; moreover, he drove the
Syrians from their homes, though they had done him no manner of harm.
Cyrus,
on his side, gathered his own army, and took on, as well, all the
peoples who lived between him and Croesus (before he set out to march at
all, he sent heralds to the Ionians and tried to make them desert
Croesus. But the Ionians would not listen to him). So when Cyrus came
and encamped over against Croesus, then and there in that land of Pteria
they fought against one another with might and main.
The battle
was fierce, and many fell on both sides. At last they broke off at the
onset of night, without either having the victory, so hard did the two
armies fight.”
Some areas of Central Kurdistan was likely Median, but what about Northern Kurds? They are likely descendants of the Scythians.
I also believe Northern Kurds are also descend from other Iranian tribes that had settled in Anatolia and eventually became Kurds. Kingdoms such as the Cappadocia and other iranic presences in Anatolia.
No I think all Kurds are the descendants of the Medes. By the Medes I mean all Indo-European tribes in Kurdistan together.
A Scythian king, Madya, conquered and ruled the Median Empire from c. 653-625 BCE. That was even before the Medes (Cyaxares)destroyed the Assyrian Empire (621 BCE). Cyaxares (he was a Mede) did that because an Assyrian king, Ashurbanipal, killed Phraortes. Phraortes was the father of Cyaxares. Cyaxares revenged the death of his father.
Even before Phraortes was killed a Scythian king, Madya, ruled over Media. That means that Scythians also were in eastern Kurdistan (Iranian Kurdistan). They lived together with the Medes.
So not only northern Kurds have some Scythian blood, but also the eastern Kurds. So all Kurds have Scythian blood. But not only Scythian blood, but also the Median one and the blood of other Indo-European tribes in Kurdistan.
Do you remember the Mannaeans? The Mannaeans built Ecbatana, early capital of the Medes. When that happened the Scythians lived already together with the Medes in eastern Kurdistan. The Medes annexed the land of the Mannaeans and the Mannaean people. Mannaeans were not Indo-European. This means that the Medes (and Scythians) mixed already with the aboriginal people of Kurdistan n the early times, even before the collapse of the Assyrian Empire.
But it´s all started with the Medes. So the Medes were the founding fathers of the Kurds. All Kurdish intellectuals and historians are saying that Kurds are the Medes. They're right!
In his book Izady mentions the "Great Kurdish migration from southern Zagros", so when did this happen? Just that, some Anatolian Kurds could of come from the Zagros, according to Izady. I could not read the whole book as Google books only allows me to read a few pages.
Difficult social conditions have caused many to emigrate, especially to Russia, over the last few years. Around fifty families have left the village of Zovuni in the Kotaik region alone. During land privatisation in 2002, many Yezidis lost their pastures and were unable to press their case with the authorities.... The Yezidis have no representatives in the government or parliament.
The future of Yezidis is not certain. The future of Armenia’s Yezidis depends crucially on the next children keeping the culture and language. Currently Armenia has no Yezidi schools or textbooks and all education is done in Armenian. (Alexanian & Liankevich 2005)
The reports about the situation of human rights are also not positive. The report of US State Department 2006 explains:
There were reports that hazing of new conscripts was more severe for minority group members such as Yezidis and Jehovah's Witnesses. Some Yezidi leaders reported that police and local authorities subjected their religious community to discrimination. Other Yezidi leaders denied the allegations.
Yezidis are forced by the Armenian state to reject a Kurdish identity, are excluded from public sector employment and have, in some isolated cases of pro-Kurdish intellectuals, even been assassinated
I am a Kurdish writer. I am from Armenia and I am a Yezidi. I left my country for exile (Germany) to escape the oppression by the Armenian state and the nationalist gangs that were established by the state. I believe that no one in this country knows well the situation of the Yezidis. It seems that people who work for the immigration office do not distinguish Yezidis from Armenians.
I have also read that Izady claims that the dominant language of Kurds before was Pahlwani (Gorani,Hawramni,Feyle,Laki) and not Kurmanji/Sorani. So how did Kurmanji/Sorani become so dominant? Some Kurmanji/Sorani speakers today might have been Pahlwani speakers.
Good question. All this time we didn't get the true, because according many people Kurds don't exist. So if they don't exist they can't be descendants of the Medes. According them we can't claim our land back, because we're Turks, Arabs or Iranians and nothing more. All deniers of Median Kurdish ancestry are still trying to hide the Kurdish people, history and culture in the darkness! But little by little we are getting closer to the true. And closer to the worlds recognition of the KURDS as a nation with a very rich history!
Pahlwani / Hewrami is very very similar to Avestan. And Avestan is the oldest preserved Iranian language and is the language of the ancient religion of Zoroastrianism!
Do you know that Armenians expeled all Yezidi Kurds from Armenia and all those Kurds are now in Russia or Europe?
There took an ethnic cleansing on Yezidi Kurds!
MediaWarLord, can you proof your words?
Otherwise You are liar.
Well, ALL my relatives who lived in Armenia fled Armenia!
Your relatives are not fled from Armenia to save their lifes!!! They had to leave Armenia as many of my relatives because of economical and social problems due to blockades of Armenia.
Social problems are not the same asethnic cleansing!!!
From your mentioned site:
"The Government did not discriminate against the small, officially recognized "national" communities, although the economic and social situation of such groups has deteriorated substantially since independence in 1991. ....The Yezidis, whose number had been estimated at 30,000 to 40,000 by their leaders,...."
Situation of Yezidis in Armenia
Difficult social conditions have caused many to emigrate, especially to Russia, over the last few years. Around fifty families have left the village of Zovuni in the Kotaik region alone. During land privatisation in 2002, many Yezidis lost their pastures and were unable to press their case with the authorities.... The Yezidis have no representatives in the government or parliament.
The future of Yezidis is not certain. The future of Armenia’s Yezidis depends crucially on the next children keeping the culture and language. Currently Armenia has no Yezidi schools or textbooks and all education is done in Armenian. (Alexanian & Liankevich 2005)
The reports about the situation of human rights are also not positive. The report of US State Department 2006 explains:
There were reports that hazing of new conscripts was more severe for minority group members such as Yezidis and Jehovah's Witnesses. Some Yezidi leaders reported that police and local authorities subjected their religious community to discrimination. Other Yezidi leaders denied the allegations.
More than 1,000,000 Armenians leave Armenia in 1990-2000. The reason was very hard economical and social situation due to blockading Armenia from Turkey and Azerbeijan. I don`t now about 2005, but now they have textbooks on their native language. The absence of textbooks or "Difficult social conditions"are not the same asethnic cleansing!!!
From your mentioned site:
"Life is hard but generally they do not blame Armenians and have good relations with them. Their main complaints are against the Armenian government" Many Armenians also have complaints against goverment.
"The population of Yezidis in the Turkey has decreased from 30.000 in 1982 to less than 500 persons last year. Yezidi students have to learn Islam in the schools."
"could be attacked from the neighbour tribes at any time. Several Yezidi women were kidnapped and forced to get marry with Muslims. They become no protection from the Syrian authorities if there is any pursuit or conflict with other population groups. This discrimination is representing in all visions of their life,../"
Sheep Shortage is not the same asethnic cleansing!!!
UNHCR report !!!!
Yezidis are forced by the Armenian state to reject a Kurdish identity, are excluded from public sector employment and have, in some isolated cases of pro-Kurdish intellectuals, even been assassinated
You had pointed out in red your lie. Nothing like that I have found in above mentions sites.
But I found the followings:
"Although Armenia is widely seen as one of the very few states in the world tolerantof itsYezidi/Kurdish population, this obscures a more complex picture."
"The 1926 census recorded 14,523 Yezidis in the Soviet Union; of these, 12,237 were in Armenia......According to the 2001 census, there were a total of 40,620 Yezidis and 1,519 Muslim Kurdsliving in Armenia, making for an overall Yezidi/Kurd population of 42,139."
I am a Kurdish writer. I am from Armenia and I am a Yezidi. I left my country for exile (Germany) to escape the oppression by the Armenian state and the nationalist gangs that were established by the state. I believe that no one in this country knows well the situation of the Yezidis. It seems that people who work for the immigration office do not distinguish Yezidis from Armenians.
It is not govermental /organization research, the author is a liar as you are!!!
etc.
Your government is playing very dirty games with the minorities! Armenian policies toward the Kurds can be compared with those of the Turks.
[/QUOTE]
In 1915 during Armenian Genocide in Turkey the Yezidis, Greeks, Assyrians are murdered with Armenians. And the Yezids with their commander Jahangir Aga fought with Armenian troops against the turks.
Ethnic cleansing is not the same as mass murdering or genocide by killing people!
Ethnic cleansing = the Armenian government did and does everything to get most Yezidi Kurds out of Armenia by terrorizing them and through discrimination!
And how do you know the reasons why my relatives fled your miserable country?
And of course Turks (and other muslims) mass murdered (genocide) Yezidi Kurds too. And we fought together with the Armenians against the Turks. But after the fall of the USSR and when the Russians left, the Armenian government forgot that! And tried to divide Yezidi Kurds from the other Kurds.
Ethnic cleansing is not the same as mass murdering or genocide by killing people!
Ethnic cleansing = the Armenian government did and does everything to get most Yezidi Kurds out of Armenia by terrorizing them and discrimination!
And how do you know why my relatives fled your miserable country?
Armenians are just a bunch of traitors who betray their own homeland by immigrating to Europe or the USA. They just don't want to work, so they search for their 'happiness' elsewhere.
The situation of Yezidi Kurds is different. Armenian government is terrorizing them, and is committing a cultural genocide against them. Armenian governent discriminates to get Yezidi Kurds out of Armenia = ethnic cleansing…
OK, let's see the numbers from your mentioned site. The changes of population better describe the situation.
Armenia Georgia
1989 56,127 Yezidis and Muslim Kurds 33,331 Kurds
2001 42,139 Yezidi/Kurd population 20,843 Yezidi/Kurds
75.1% 62.5%
So, despite of the more general emigration from Armenia than from Georgia (about 1,5 time), Yezidi/Kurd population decrease in Armenia 1.2 times less, than in Georgia. Will you say there were ethnic cleansing in Georgia?
The reason of migration (armenian, russian, kurdish and others) from both of countries was the social-economical situation!!!! Excepting the Muslim Kurds and Azeris due to Karabagh War.
Another indicator is language:
"In Armenia, Yezidis record the highest adherence to the native language; according to the 2001 census, 77.8 per cent of Yezidis spoke Kurdish as their mother tongue,.... "
UNHCR report, page 34 (#5.1.3 Relations Between the Yezidi Minority and the Armenian State).
'Yezidis are forced by the Armenian state to reject a Kurdish identity, are excluded from public sector employment and have, in some isolated cases of pro-Kurdish intellectuals, even been assassinated'
I am sorry, I have missed out this, but it is better to quote the whole passage:
""5.1.3 Relations Between the Yezidi Minority and the Armenian State
There is a range of narratives depicting the relationship between the Yezidi minority and the Armenian state. As noted above, the “politically correct” view in the republic is to see Yezidis and Armenians as allies against a common Turkish/Muslim Kurd enemy. This vision of cordial Yezidi-Armenian relations is reflected in the statements of prominent Yezidi community leaders, particularly those associated with the Yezidist faction, who see instances of rights violations as isolated rather than systematic. Aziz Tamoyan, President of the National Union of Yezidi, for instance, has stated: “Armenians are brothers with the Yezidi but there are some officials who don’t like us”.
116
There is, however, another narrative which could be seen as “politically incorrect” in Armenia, which is the narrative of systematic repression of the Yezidi minority. According to this narrative, available on internet sites and chatrooms, Yezidis are forced by the Armenian state to reject a Kurdish identity, are excluded from public sector employment and have, in some isolated cases of pro-Kurdish intellectuals, even been assassinated.
117
Aside from its ostensible stance of non-interference in the Yezidi/Kurd identity debate, the Armenian state formally expresses its willingness to nurture minority culture but emphasizes financial restrictions to doing so. Hranush Kharatyan has stated, for example, that “existing problems are not a consequence of the lack of will but of the lack of means”. ""
The link (117) didn't work, so I can't comment it, but anyway, it sounds like a gossip and doesn't mean anyting as compared with "Although Armenia is widely seen as one of the very few states in the world tolerantof itsYezidi/Kurdish population, this obscures a more complex picture." "Life is hard but generally they do not blame Armenians and have good relations with them. Their main complaints are against the Armenian government" .
I now, that Armenia is not a model of democratic country. That many of Armenian inhabitants have problems with their rights. You can remember your grandfather, you can write many dirty words about Armenia. But your words
MediaWarLord Those tests on Yezidi Kurds were made by the Armenians, and Armenians hate Yezidi Kurds. Do you know that Armenians expeled all Yezidi Kurds from Armenia and all those Kurds are now in Russia or Europe?
There took an ethnic cleansing on Yezidi Kurds!
are lie and you are liar.
Despite of earthquake, war, blockade, economical collapse, corruption, social injustice, the majority of Yezids, more than 40,000, continue to live in Armenia, so you are liar, MediaWarLord.
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