Crowns in different cultures

The Holy Crown of Hungary:

It consists of to parts: the corona graeca (lower parts) and the corona latina (upper part). The greek crown was sent to Hungary by emperor Michael Ducas, the upper part was made of the shattered reliquary of St. Stephen. The two parts united under B�la III (the greek) in byzantine style.

This is not only a crown, or a holy relic. Till 1949 it was the suvereign ruler of Hungary. It has a really eventful history. (many times stolen, and saved etc.) Now it has not got any constitutional significance, still it is in the building of the parliament and a continual participant of the state celebrations.

But the best crown of all is this!

Crown of the Kazan Khan

32 Sassanid Kings Had 100 Types of Crowns

Tehran, Jan. 2 (Iranian Cultural Heritage News Agency)� Studies on over 100 Sassanid coins, bas reliefs, and vessels show that there has been over 100 types of crown in the Sassanid era. The Sassanid era, one of the most important historical periods in Iran, lasted about 400 years. Sassanid era began with the kingdom of Shapoor the first in 1st century and came to an end in the 5th century. The excavations and research done by the Iranian archeologists in the last few years in the historical sites belonging to this era have led to the discovery of archeological remains, ancient vessels, and hundreds of coins. �Studies on Sassanid remains and works show there has been over 100 types of crown in this era. The various Sassanid crowns demonstrate the cultural, economic, social, and historical situation in each period. The crowns also show the character traits of each king in this era�, Yousef Moradi, Sassanid era expert responsible for Sassanid area in Kermanshah, western Iran, told CHN. There are different symbols and signs on the crowns of Sassanid kings including the moon, stars, eagle, and palm that show their religious faith and beliefs, said Moradi. Since the Sassanid crowns have been identified on the basis of their form on the coins and vessels, the experts have not yet reached much information about the material and adornments on them. Firouzabad Palace in Fars Province, Kasra Arch in Iraq, Estakhr and Bishapoor ancient cities in Fars Province are among the most important historical structures of this period.

http://www.payvand.com/news/05/jan/1009.html

Below there is an illustration of Sasanian corwn, Please note the moon and crescent apparent on MANY of them. In teh same form that appears on the top of mosque domes today.  Furtehr indication as to the aesthetics of Islam being a drivitive of pre-Islamic Iran.

Well, the Holy Crown has a long and adventurous story. It was hid and stealed many times. One time it was secretly hidden in a large wodden gourd by the the anti-king Otto, and the crown fell from the horse back. Fortunately the following day it was found on the roadside. King Matthias paid a large sum and gave some territory to the defeated Holy Roman Emperor in order to get it back. Without the Holy Crown he was not recognized as a king. The Holy Crown was captured by sultan Suleyman after the battle of Moh�cs, but he gave it back to king John I. because he did not like it. It was buried in 1849, and communists tried to sell in 1919. After the second world war the Crown Guard secretly buried in an empty oil barrel in Austria, and they guarded an empty chest after it. They dig it out only when Eisenhower wanted to see it and they had to confess that the chest now guarded by american soldiers is empty. After this a Holy Crown was in Fort Knox till 1978.

Untill 2005 nobody knows how the cross was leaned. Finally historian G�za P�lffy found a private letter which states that the crown was injured at 1638 before the crowning of the wife of Ferdinand II. The crown was held in a treasure chest and majordomo lost or left the key home. The ceremony was about to begin so they had to crack the chest. The crown seriously injured. Of course it was a bad omen and it was kept in secret.

Latter nobody wanted to repair the cross because of its holyness. Now Everybody get used to it.

Well, with many troubles but your hungarian regalia survived. Most of polish regalia including all the crowns (there were many, the oldest was the crown of Boleslav the Brave from the XI century, crown of Hungary and crown of Sweden and others) were robbed by Prussians in 1795. Prussian king held them for some time in Berlin finally ordered to destroy them. Gold was used for other things, jewels were sold.

I think the only crown of Poland which survived was the crown made for Augustus II of Saxony and it is today in museum in Dresden.

Arabs didnt wear crowns as far as i know, not even the later once.

but i think they wore something like what some the Ottoman sultans wore.

like this i think

but surly not like this one

this one looks like pure turkish thing.

It is really interesting. Why would have Z�polya sent a crown to Poland? His wife was a polish pricess. Is it possible that this crown is a ceremonial gift to his father-in-law?

I don't think that the sultan was more civilised. He did not like the crown, and he has a vassal king who needed it. It is a completely different situation than the prussian-polish case.

I have read a really intersting story about a Crown of Suleyman (the Magnificent)

This Crown-helmet was made by the orders of the Grand Vizier Ibrahim in 1532. It was a tool of propaganda in order to indicate a supreme power of the sultan. This quadriple crown is a papal titara combined with an imperial crown. The sultan never wore it, but it was used in triumphal marches in the 1532 campaign. The Habsburg diplomat falsely beleived that this is the crown of the ottoman sultan and it was used in pictures like this.

Mosquito:

"Because his will was that in case of his death Hungary should join to Poland or one of the Jagiellon princes should become the king. He and Hungarians just didnt want Hapsburgs on the hungarian throne. In result, to avoid the war, Poland and Empire signed treaty for suriviving and as usually such treaties were being won by Hapsburgs who were use to live longer and have more kids than members of other dynasties. As you know the last of the Jagiellons also died in the 16th century."

He made a similar agreement with the Habsburgs, but finally he wanted his son to the throne.

By the way the Habsburg relation was supported by many Hungarians. This was the cause of the civil war.