Indo-European, Yenisseian, Altaic

I'm sorry, I can't help you with Slavic 'daga'...maybe it should have 'z'/'zh' instead of 'g'?? Then it could mean 'rain'. I've noticed this consonant shift in a few words.

PGmc 'kuningaz'....PSlv 'kunedzi'
PGmc 'kwenon'.....in Slavic languages 'žena', OCS 'zena' (both probably from PIE 'gwen')
PGmc 'gulth'.....in Slavic 'zloto'/'zoloto'/'zlato' (PIE 'ghol' meaning yellow, green)

But I don't know about any 'daga' connected to sky, heaven.

What about your copula ('to be'), to discuss the grammar?? How do you use it in Turkic languages?

Do you say it like IE 'my horse IS green' or like in Arabic 'my horse green'??

It is obvious both words come from Old English verb "hengan" which means "to hang on, to depend on, to rely on", I don't say "henchman/hengestman" never means "horseman", there are several words which have different meanings from different origins but we are discussing a word which means "follower/dependant", "Hengest" could mean "Stallion" but why not "the most dependent"(henge+-est)?

Simply because it didn't mean that when it was used. Words change with time. Wyrd used to mean fate, now it has a different meaning of out of the ordinary and is spelled Weird.

The verb is 'hangian'. Hengest can be found in almost every Germanic language, so it's much older than OE.

'heng' is past 3rd singular of 'hón' (past participle is 'hangen'), which means to hang, to crucify. 'hengen' means a rack, cross, torture, imprisonment. 'henge' means 'hanging'/'hängend' (pres.part.) according to Koebler.

'hengest' is stallion, gelding, horse...simply horse.

I can't find anywhere anything else than horse.
Now, that's not a bad point henge+est, but:
1, have you ever seen -est added to a participle?
2, since it's common Germanic, it would have to be created at least in PGmc and the form is 'khangistas'

DOGA!!!
Yeeees....rainbow, it didn't occur to me, and it's so simple OMG (maybe it's because I haven't seen a rainbow for years)

dúha in Slovak, I don't know about southern and eastern branch, but I would bet they have G instead of H there - it's a common difference.





Edited by Slayertplsko - 09-Jun-2008 at 21:06

Originally posted by Cyrus Shahmiri Originally posted by Slayertplsko That's wrong again. And you have well proved that you don't think!Firstly, your source again support us - they say that 'hengest' means stallion, not 'follow'. You even wrote this part in bolds here!As for the name Hengest, it says it comes from the word for 'stallion'. That's normal, that's how the names emerge. For instance, Charles comes from the germanic word for 'freeman' (ceorl in OE). Or do you wanna say that 'Vladimir' predates the words 'vladar' and 'mir'??As for the hanger-on - this is...OMG!!It's a compound of 'on' and 'hanger', and the latter is a noun created from the verb 'hang'. I think it's obvious, I can't even imagine how you could link those two. Cyrus, start to think. It is obvious both words come from Old English verb "hengan" which means "to hang on, to depend on, to rely on", I don't say "henchman/hengestman" never means "horseman", there are several words which have different meanings from different origins but we are discussing a word which means "follower/dependant", "Hengest" could mean "Stallion" but why not "the most dependent"(henge+-est)?

One problem Cyrus, hengan isn't to be found in an Old English Dictionary. There is the verb hegan (to preform, achieve; hold a meeting)1, the nouns hengen (hanging, cross, rack, torture, imprisonment) and hengest, hengst [both fall under the same dictionary entry] (stallion, steed, horse, gelding)2. The Old English verb that means to hang is actually hón and it means to hang, suspend, crucify, put on (clothes)3, 4. With this linguistic evidence how can you say that Hengest means hanger-on or follower? The simple fact of the matter is that there is no evidence to support what you are saying. In fact the evidence points to the contrary as other members have pointed out. Where are you getting your information from? It is clearly very flawed. Will you please stop corrupting language evidence to show things that the evidence doesn't support. Especially when it is so easy to prove your claims to be utterly preposterous and totally incorrect.

http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/etymology.cgi?single=1&basename=/data/ie/piet&text_number=2932&root=config

 

Meaning: hang

IE etymology:

Gothic: *hahan st. `hang, keep in suspense'; fɔr(a)-hah n. (a) `curtain'

Old Norse: hanga st. `hangen'; hǟtta wk. `Gefahr laufen, wagen', hǟtta f. `Gefahr', hāski m. `Gefahr'; hengja wk. `hängen'

Norwegian: hanga vb.; hätta sbs., vb.; hengja vb.

Swedish: hänga vb. tr., itr.; dial. häta; dial. häjta vb.; (ält.) hask(e)lig `grässlich', dial. haskeli `schrecklich'

Danish: hänge vb.; hätte sbs., vrb.; hände vb.

Old English: hōn; hangian; hengan `hängen'

Old Frisian: hūa; hangia

Old Saxon: hāhan; hangon

Dutch: { gehengen `erlauben' }

Old High German: hāhan; hangēn; hengen

Middle High German: hāhen red. v. (prt. hinc, hie) tr. 'hängen', intr. 'hangen'; hangen st. intr. 'hangen'; hɛngen wk. 'hangen lassen; nachjagen, nachhängen'; vür-hanc st. m. `curtain'

German: { hangen; hängen }

Proto – Altaic: bi

Meaning: 1st person pronoun

a) I

Proto-Turkic: be- 
Modern Turkic: men, ben
Mongolian: bi, miniy, meni
Tungus-Manchu: bi, bu
Proto-Japanese: ba
Old Japanese: wa
Hateruma (of Modern Japanese): banu


Proto Indo-European: ???
English: me
German: mir
French: moi

b) we

Proto-Turkic: bi-r
Meaning: we
Modern Turkic: biz, e-byr, miz 
Mongolian: bide
Tungus-Manchu: mes, mit, buta, biti


Proto Indo-European: ???
English: we
German: wir

Notes: 

Edited by gok_toruk - 10-Jun-2008 at 19:23

Proto – Altaic: si

Meaning: thou

Proto-Turkic: se-
Modern Turkic: sen
Tungus-Manchu: si
Old Japanese: si

Proto-Yenisseian: ʔaw
Arin: au
Yugh: u
Pumpokol: ue

Proto Indo-European: te, tu
Hittite: ti- (your)
Old Indian: te
Armenian: du
Old Greek: sü
Slavic: ti
Baltic: tu, -tei

Notes: 


Edited by gok_toruk - 10-Jun-2008 at 18:29

Originally posted by gok_toruk Back to topic again: Proto-Yenisseian: aj Meaning: I Ket: at Kottish: ay Arin: ay Proto Indo-European: ??? English: I Notes: Could anyone please give the Proto-Indo-European form?

The English form is originally ic, I appeared first after the Norman invasion.

PIE: h₁eǵ, Latin ego, PGmc eka, Gothic ik, Old Norse ek, Icelandic ég, Norwegian jeg, Swedish jäg (?), German ich...and so on

Slavic ja, French je, Spanish yo, Italian io

Originally posted by gok_toruk Proto – Altaic: si Meaning: thou Proto-Turkic: se- Modern Turkic: sen Tungus-Manchu: si Old Japanese: si Proto-Yenisseian: ʔaw Arin: au Yugh: u Pumpokol: ue Proto Indo-European: te, tu Hittite: ti- (your) Old Indian: te Armenian: du Old Greek: sü Slavic: ti Baltic: tu, -tei Notes:

PIE form is tuH.