Contributions Of Islamic Knowledge to The world

 

You can find his bio on here:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The first revolution to happen in Islam was agricultural. Sources tell us thatbefore Islam came, the total agricultural output of Iraq was roughly 100 milion silver pieces, Dirhams, annually. After the conquest this fell during the civil wars to 28 million around 714 AD. When the Abbasids came they raised the vlue of the Dirham, reduced the amount of tax collected, from 20% to about 14%, and they had some 200 million in dirhams by 800. Land produce nearly doubled and in some places quadropled especially in Al-Andalus where new agricultural techniques were introduced. When the Moriscoes were kicked out the agricultural system in Spain nearly collapsed. Same goes for Transoxania and southern Turkey. Famines were rare and were mainly caused by civil wars not crop failures. Scientific approach to agriculture,in Iraq and Transoxania, started quite late ,early 13th century, only to be killed by the Mongols. This approach included selective breeding for animals and plants in a systematic way. For example, horses were produced in large number in that way and Abbasid and Mamlukes did not find it hard to find a large supplu of battle horses because these governments had made their own programs

 

There was an educational revolution. Nizami schools gathered scientists as well as scholars inside and provided a very similar atmosphere as modern, 18th century I mean, universities. They had ever changing correculums and many sciences like Algebra and Trignometry, both were considered as a part of geometry and astronomy respectively and the latter discipline is an Islamic invention from top to bottom by the way, became independent because professors who worked in those institutions and who approached those problems in a scientific way.

 

There was a health revolution. Quarantine was not invented by Italian cit states but by the Hafsids if I am not mistaken. Theirs wee probably the only country in the 14th century who did not suffer greatly from  the Black death. Hospitals existed in every major provincial town in the Islamic world and doctors visited villages and quarantined them if necessary. If Vaccination was the only invention Islamic medicine ever did, and its not, it would be sufficient to go under the criteria of "revolution". Any way, try this link and tell me what you think and if you say "so why did the rennaisance happen in Europe and not the Islamic world ?" I will give you the full answer:

 

AL-Jassas

 

 

Your infos are interesting even if very opinable ... anyway, true or not, I would not call them real scientific revolutions (I know I'm making here semantics ) and wikipedia is not not a reliable source

 

 

 

First time ever I heard about a zoroastrin named Muhammad ibn Musa as well as it is the first time I ever knew Khiva was full of Persians despite the fact they never ruled that city. Most scientists were Persians but many were Arabs and christians.

 

Second, what has the mullas have to do with our discussion, I agree with you that the revolution, which was not Islamic but nationalistic untill it was hijacked by the mullas, distroyed the economy of Iran but this has nothing to do with our discussion.

 

Al-Jassas

 

If for Algebra you mean the very limited works of numerical analysis of Diophantus of Alexandria, they of course Greeks had some notions of algebra.

 

If for trigonometry you mean the very limited calculations with cords of Ptolemey and others, then, yes, Greeks have some notions of it.

 

BUT, if you want real SERIOUS stuff, you have to start with Al-Kwarismi in Algebra, and with other Muslims mathematicians in planar and spherical trigonometry.

 

With respect of perspective between Greeks, I really wonder where you got that information, so I would like to ask you show your sources. Greeks believed eyes were some sort of laser-beam machines that scanned the scenes... . With those principles so wrong I really doubt they invented even a preliminary idea of perspective, but I could be wrong. Show me your evidence, please.

 

 

 

 

 

Have you ever heard of Pompeii? Have you ever heard of the so called pompeian styles of painting? Particularly the second pompeian style applies concistently perspective rules. Another example are the frescos of the so called "stanza delle maschere" in the house of emperor Augustus on the Palatine Hill in Rome. Surely Romans didn't invent perspective but they only inherited it from their Hellenistic models. These hellenistic models are unfortunely all lost so these proofs are only indirect, I know.

 

If you are interested in a reliable source contrasting with mainstream historiography I can recommend you the book of Lucio Russo "The Forgotten Revolution: How Science Was Born in 300 BC and Why It Had To Be Reborn".