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Arab heritage lost?

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ArmenianSurvival View Drop Down
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  Quote ArmenianSurvival Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Topic: Arab heritage lost?
    Posted: 12-Apr-2005 at 18:03

There are many practical reasons why the Arab world is more "backward" (not a word i would like to use)  than it was in its prime. When it was in its prime the Arabs were much more centralized than today, with the dozen+ countries it is split into in the current geo-policital situation. Secondly, the Middle East was a passage from east to west. Eastern ideas and knowledge came through to the Arabs before it did to Europe (for the most part) and Western ideas and knowledge reached the Arabs before it reached the east. Now that ideas and research depend more on money than anything else, it is extremely difficult for the Arab world to become as centralized as they once were, mainly because their borders were drawn by the Western world, who had little knowledge of political situations in the Middle East, and it has caused much confusion and bloodshed in the area. This costs these nations a lot of money, and research and develpment and the creation of a 'golden age' means making monetary investments. Monetary investments that they simply dont have the means for right now.

As far as Arab culture....the language is so widespread. 1 Billion Muslims in the world, and they follow a book written in Arabic. The amazing thing about this statistic is that 80% of Muslims are not Arabs.

Here in Los Angeles Nergeleh or 'Hooka' bars are popping up in every city. They play Arabic music and some of the places are decorated middle-eastern style. And most of their customers are white Americans. I wouldnt worry about the general culture, its not going anywhere...at least not here.

Mass Murderers Agree: Gun Control Works!

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  Quote Emile Boutros Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 10-Apr-2005 at 22:51



"So you say you are half Lebanese?

I'll give you an example of what i am trying to say:
Emile Boutros is an Arabized 1/2 Phoenician."

Emile Boutros is 100% Arab. I have never known Phoenician or any other language but Arabic as my native one. Arabized is one who becomes Arab. I was born that way, as were both of my parents. If you are to go back, my mother is fom Constantine, a city founded by Phoenicians in Algeria. So then, am I Phoenician? No. Also, the only loonie Lebanese that claim to be Phoenicians are stupid Maronite ultranationalists, the ones that hate everyone whose not Maronite. The ones who hate so much they ally with Israel to try to wipe out Arabs and anyone else who is not Maronite. Not all the MAronites. Just the loonie evil ultranationalists that live in Israel now becuse the Lebanese won't have their idiocy. Those are "Phoenicians". People are defined by what they identify themselves as. I dated a girl who said she was nothing but Lebanese, this is what she was, Lebanese. I have also dated girls who said that they are only Arabs first, and thats what they are. My wife says she is first Persian and she is then American (soon she will not be American though) and this is what she is. Individuals define themselves. Phoenicians don't exist anyone, nobody speaks their languaeg and nobody lives their culture or arts. the only "Phoenicians" there are are as I said, Maronite loonie ultranationalists, most of whom cannot even read, speak or write Phoenician or even Syriac.

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  Quote Behrouz Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 10-Apr-2005 at 21:12
ummm....exactly what arab heritage are we talking about?
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  Quote ramin Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 08-Apr-2005 at 04:50
yes, he was muslim
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  Quote azimuth Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 07-Apr-2005 at 09:23

Originally posted by ramin

It's ok well I haven't study about them that's why I thought I don't know any, but I DID know some of them.


Anyway, apart from our head-to-head situation , I say this as someone who u haven't talk to yet!; why is Khayam in the list of Islamic Scientists? He turned Iran to the pre-Islamic era, by doing so many things such as turning the calendar back to a solar system.

i dont know much about him.

if he was a muslim then he is considered as a muslim scientist.

 

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  Quote OSMANLI Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 05-Apr-2005 at 12:01

Selam,

I think that the reason for the loss of Arab heritage is for the following reasons

1) Lack of Islam- Practicing Muslims i going down. Many of the Arab nations are using Islam when it suits them (for example Saudi has laws which are in line with the Sharia yet the have a royal family . The Arab nations have forgoten that it is due to Islam that the Arabs have such a wonderful culture (The Qur'an, calligraphy, architure and again as mentioned before the many Arab scientists which were educated due to the Islam telling Muslims to learn even if they must go to china to learn something)

2) Westernisation- A big problem, azimuth said earlier the west is seen as good and as "modern" and the Arab culture is being seen as old fashioned.

3) Nationalism- In the Arabs glory days this was not much of a problem, but the west brought it Arabia to split the Arabs from the Ottoman Khalifa as well as create all the many diffrent Arab states. The holy Prophet (PBUH) says " An Arab is not better than a non-Arab and a Non-Arab is not better than an Arab"

I truly hope that i have not offended any Arabs, because personlly i like the Arab culture and i have seen what is happening in North Cyprus (TRNC) where westernisation has had a bigger influence.



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  Quote ramin Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 05-Apr-2005 at 11:57
It's ok well I haven't study about them that's why I thought I don't know any, but I DID know some of them.


Anyway, apart from our head-to-head situation , I say this as someone who u haven't talk to yet!; why is Khayam in the list of Islamic Scientists? He turned Iran to the pre-Islamic era, by doing so many things such as turning the calendar back to a solar system.
"I won't laugh if a philosophy halves the moon"
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  Quote azimuth Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 05-Apr-2005 at 04:40
Originally posted by ramin

Originally posted by azimuth

... it took me 30 sec to find this site... so enjoy.

... and all this took me around 8 minutes.

Why do I feel you've a problem with me?

i dont

i just had the feeling that you are pretending not knowing any Arabic Sceintists and wanted someone else to look for them, and after they do you will say that these are NOT arabs just because they weren't born in Arabia.

and me putting times just to tell you how easy is it to find such informations with lettel effort.

anyway i guess iam wrong and sorry about the attitude.

 

 

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  Quote ramin Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 04-Apr-2005 at 11:37
Originally posted by azimuth

... it took me 30 sec to find this site... so enjoy.

... and all this took me around 8 minutes.

Why do I feel you've a problem with me?

Anyway, Thanks for the effort. well, I know 2 of them (Battani and Khaldun).



PS: I've done a research on those roots. I believe u've seen it, but i just wanted to make sure. (here)

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  Quote azimuth Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 04-Apr-2005 at 06:28

Originally posted by ramin

Originally posted by azimuth

iam sure you will find some of them in the net.
How can I find them, when I don't know their name? would u name some or at least give a point to start with.

you dont need to know their names just write "history Arab Scientists" and you will find some sites which you will get what you are looking for there.

anyway it took me 30 sec to find this site , http://www.issiraq.org/History.htm i know its about Iraq and some of the scientists mention their were born in Persia or that region but there are some Arabs mentioned there too . so enjoy.

also this one http://www.islamonline.com/cgi-bin/news_service/profiles.asp

just search between them and you will find Arab Scientists

and here some bio i found in the web.

Ibn Nafis (1210-1288) was the first person to accurately describe the process of blood circulation in the human body (in 1242). Contemporary drawings of this process have survived. In particular, he is the first known person to have documented the pulmonary circuit. His work was largely unnoticed until found in Berlin in 1924, and as a result, credit for the modern concept of the blood circulation is generally given to William Harvey.

Al Battani (ca. 850-923) was an arab astronomer (also spelled Al Batani, Latinized Albategnius, Albategni, Albatenius; full name Abū ʿAbdullāh Muḥammad ibn Jābir ibn Sinān ar-Raqqī al-Ḥarrani aṣ-Ṣabiʾ al-Battānī), born in Harran near Urfa. His epithet as-Sabi suggests that among his ancestry were members of the Sabian sect who worshiped the stars, however, his full name affirms that he was Muslim.

Al Battani worked in Syria, at ar-Raqqah and at Damascus, where he died. He was able to correct some of Ptolemy's results and compiled new tables of the Sun and Moon, long accepted as authoritative, discovered the movement of the Sun's apogee, treats the division of the celestial sphere, and introduces, probably independently of the 5th century indian astronomer Aryabhatta, the use of sines in calculation, and partially that of tangents, forming the basis of modern trigonometry. He also calculated the values for the precession of the equinoxes (54.5" per year) and the inclination of Earth's axis (23 35').

His most important work is the Kitāb az-Zīj ('the book of tables') with 57 chapters, which by way of Latin translation as De Motu Stellarum by Plato Tiburensis in 1116 (printed 1537 by Melanchthon, annotated by Regiomontanus), had great influence on European astronomy. A reprint appeared at Bologna in 1645. Plato's original manuscript is preserved at the Vatican; and the Escorial Library possesses in manuscript a treatise by Al Battani on astronomical chronology.

Ibn Khaldun, full name Abu Zayd Abd-Ar-Rahman Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406), the greatest of the medieval Islamic historians.

Born on May 27, 1332, in Tunis (now in Tunisia), of a Spanish-Arab family, Ibn Khaldun held court positions in what are today Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco, and in Granada in Spain, and was twice imprisoned. In 1375 he went into seclusion near modern Frenda, Algeria, taking four years to compose his monumental Muqaddamah, the introductory volume to his Kitab al-Ibar (Universal History). In 1382, on pilgrimage to Mecca, he was offered a chair at the famous Islamic university of El-Azhar by the sultan of Cairo, who also appointed him judge (qadi) of the Maliki rite of Islam. In 1400 he accompanied the sultan's successor to Damascus in an expedition to resist the invasion of the Tatar ruler Tamerlane. Left behind in besieged Damascus, he was lowered over the walls by ropes to meet Tamerlane. Ibn Khaldun spent several weeks as Tamerlane's honoured guest before returning to Cairo, where he died on March 17, 1406.

The Kitab al-Ibar is a valuable guide to the history of Muslim North Africa and the Berbers. Its six historical volumes, however, are overshadowed by the immense significance of the Muqaddamah. In it, Ibn Khaldun outlined a philosophy of history and theory of society that are unprecedented in ancient and medieval writing and that are closely reflected in modern sociology. Societies, he believed, are held together by the power of social cohesiveness, which can be augmented by the unifying force of religion. Social change and the rise and fall of societies follow laws that can be empirically discovered and that reflect climate and economic activity as well as other realities.

Averros (1126-1198), known in Arabic as Ibn Rushd, a medieval Muslim Arab philosopher, physician, maliki jurist, and ashari theologian, born in Crdoba, Spain. Averros's father, a judge in Crdoba, instructed him in Muslim jurisprudence. In his native city he also studied theology, philosophy, and mathematics under the Arab philosopher Ibn Tufayl and medicine under the Arab physician Avenzoar. Averros was appointed judge in Seville in 1169 and in Crdoba in 1171; in 1182 he became chief physician to Abu Yaqub Yusuf, the Almohad caliph of Morocco and Muslim Spain. Averros's view that reason takes precedence over religion led to his being exiled in 1195 by Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur; he was restored to favour shortly before his death.

Averros held that metaphysical truths can be expressed in two ways: through philosophy (as represented by the views of the ancient Greek Aristotle and the late antiquity Neoplatonists) and through religion (as represented in the simplified, allegorical form of books of revelation). Although Averros did not actually propound the existence of two kinds of truth, philosophical and religious, his views were interpreted in that way by Christian thinkers, who called it the theory of double truth. He rejected the concept of a creation of the world in time; the world, he maintained, has no beginning. God is the prime mover, the self-moved force that stimulates all motion, who transforms the potential into the actual. The individual human soul emanates from the unified universal soul. Averros's extensive commentaries on the works of Aristotle were translated into Latin and Hebrew and greatly influenced both Christian scholasticism and philosophy (in medieval Europe) and the Jewish philosophers of the Middle Ages. His main independent work was Tahafut al-Tahafut (Arabic, Incoherence of the Incoherence), a refutation of a work by the Islamic theologian al-Ghazali on philosophy. Averros also wrote books on medicine, astronomy, law, and grammar.

Alhazen (965-c.1040), Arab scientist and natural philosopher, who made important contributions in optics, astronomy, and mathematics. His Arab name is Abu Ali al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham. His major work, Optics, included valuable analyses and explanations of light and vision.

Alhazen was born in Basra, in what is now Iraq. He was invited to Cairo by the Muslim ruler al-Hakim. After failing in an attempt to regulate the flow of the Nile, Alhazen feared that al-Hakim would punish him. To avoid punishment, he pretended to be insane until al-Hakim's death. He devoted the rest of his life to scientific study.

Alhazen's most important and original contributions were in optics. He developed a broad theory that explained vision, using geometry and anatomy. According to this theory, each point on a lighted area or object radiates light rays in every direction, but only one ray from each point, which strikes the eye perpendicularly, can be seen. The other rays strike at different angles and are not seen.

In astronomy, Alhazen added to the theories of the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy. He also summarized or explained some of the difficult mathematical theorems of the Greek mathematician Euclid. 

Kindi, al-, (c. 801-c. 873), first major Islamic philosopher, born in Al Kūfah and educated at Basra and Baghdad (all in Iraq). He was one of the earliest Muslim students of ancient Greek philosophers and one of the first translators of the works of Aristotle into Arabic. Called the philosopher of the Arabs because he was descended from Arab nobility, he is the author of more than 270 works, most of which are short tracts covering a wide range of topics, including philosophy, medicine, mathematics, optics, and astrology. Some of his works were translated into Latin during the Middle Ages and influenced Christian scholars in Europe.

Al-Kindi's philosophy was strongly influenced by Neoplatonism and medieval Aristotelianism. He attempted to provide a philosophical basis for the speculative theology of the Mutazilis, later adopted by the Imams (Twlevers) of the Shiites. Although he claimed the essential conclusions of philosophy and religion to be harmonious, he nevertheless placed revelation above philosophy and prophetic insights above reason. Al-Kindi's influence on Muslim thinkers continued for about a century after his death.

 

and all this took me around 8 minutes

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  Quote ramin Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 03-Apr-2005 at 22:05
Originally posted by azimuth

iam sure you will find some of them in the net.
How can I find them, when I don't know their name? would u name some or at least give a point to start with.
"I won't laugh if a philosophy halves the moon"
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  Quote azimuth Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 03-Apr-2005 at 06:59

Originally posted by ramin

I have a question, I don't know anything about Arabic science and scientists. Is it possible to name some of them for me plz?

iam sure you will find some of them in the net

 

BTW scientists who came from the Islamic world are Not all Persians, Although many scientists who were born in Persia did their most important works in Arabic.

 

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  Quote ramin Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 31-Mar-2005 at 22:58
Originally posted by Oguzoglu

bn-i Farabi, Biruni, Huneyn Bin shak, Razi, Cabir bin Hayyan, bn-i Sina, bn-i Rt, El-Harizmi (He discovered "sfr" (zero)) are some of the most famous ones...
I asked for Arab scientists, thou.
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  Quote Atourian Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 31-Mar-2005 at 21:40
Originally posted by Emile Boutros

Originally posted by Atourian

...
I believe heritage is lost due to Arabization.

I do not follow....



So you say you are half Lebanese?

I'll give you an example of what i am trying to say:
Emile Boutros is an Arabized 1/2 Phoenician.

Am I the only one experiencing lag when posting?
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  Quote Guests Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 31-Mar-2005 at 11:40
bn-i Farabi, Biruni, Huneyn Bin shak, Razi, Cabir bin Hayyan, bn-i Sina, bn-i Rt, El-Harizmi (He discovered "sfr" (zero)) are some of the most famous ones...
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  Quote ramin Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 28-Mar-2005 at 04:05
I have a question, I don't know anything about Arabic science and scientists. Is it possible to name some of them for me plz?
"I won't laugh if a philosophy halves the moon"
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  Quote Emile Boutros Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 02-Mar-2005 at 22:21
22 and several of them are more than moderately successful. Particularly UAE, Qatar and even Saudi Arabia (the hearth) to an extent. Most of these have elected parliaments or advisory councils and there is a growing trend for more of this. Furthermore, the "prophet" tried to abolish just about all nonIslamic heritages not just the Arab one. And if he did (I think he did) he replaced it with an Islamic one that's not much better.
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  Quote Turk Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 01-Mar-2005 at 05:28
22 Arab countries and not one of them is even moderately successful, let alone ruled by a legitimate government. Now what does this tell you about the Arab people?

The Prophet tried to abolish what you call Arab "heritage" for a reason.
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  Quote Emile Boutros Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 25-Feb-2005 at 12:49

Originally posted by Atourian

...
I believe heritage is lost due to Arabization.

I do not follow....

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  Quote Miller Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 25-Feb-2005 at 04:28
Originally posted by Infidel

Why is the Arab/Muslim heritage being lost? They had great contributions in the past in such areas as mathematics, astronomy, geography, etc. Nowadays they're presently at what appears to be a dead end.


<>Sorry to take the critical view but if your talking about the advancements in science and human knowledge during the Abbasid period. Most the top scientist may or may not have been  Muslim but  they were not Arab.

Originally posted by Infidel


Why do you think this is happens and do you think they could go back and become contributors to science and human knowledge again?

 


If Arabs conquer Japan ( or any other country you consider to currently be ahead) now and force them to write their scientific books in Arabic maybe it happens again.



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