Armenian Genocide,1915 Turkey,

The massacre of 1.5 million Armenians is the silliest thing I have ever heard.

We,Turks,always call Armenians for the agreement.Our sources are ready,our photos and witnesses are ready.But Armenians don't do anything.

It is always said that "1.5 million Armenians were killed" around all the world.But where are 1.5 million dead bodies?Where are their graves?If you ask to us,we have lots of collective graves which include Turkish children,men,women in them.

http://www.ermenisorunu.gen.tr - www.ermenisorunu.gen.tr

No. Assyrians are another nation of Middle East, but dont have a country. They believe their nation was comitted an imaginary genocide by Ottoman Empire, Turks and Kurds.

And please add the American Indian Genocide, Black Afrcian Genocide, Turkish Genocide-comitted by Armenian rebellion forces, Bulgarian Turks Genocide, Azeri Genocide in Khojaly-comitted by Armenian invasion forces. These are the only other ones that I remember, but there can be more.

The Ottoman census deflates most of the numbers for Armenian population and Armenian deaths. This has been proven through extensive research of foreign sources compared to those of the Ottomans'. There were roughly 2 million Armenians in the Ottoman Empire, and 4.5 million worldwide.  Around 1.5 million Armenians killed or driven out, so about 3 million Armenians left on earth (some Armenians also converted and assimilated into Turkish or neighboring cultures). This is according to a series of maps by Robert H. Hewson:

Caucasus in 1914 (pre-Genocide):

Caucasus in 1926:

Hope its big enough as to where you can see the numbers...couldnt find a bigger one at the moment.

There is not an Armenian genocide. What you read is Armenian related sources or books I think? Many of them such as Talaat Pasha telegrams are fake. It has been proven that they are fabricated by Armenians.

Did you ever read Turkish point of view?

http://www.ermenisorunu.gen.tr/english/index.html - http://www.ermenisorunu.gen.tr/english/index.html

http://www.tallarmeniantale.com/ - http://www.tallarmeniantale.com/

To Djemal Bey, Delegate at Adana:

The duty of everyone is to effect on the broadest lines possible the realization of the noble project of wiping out of existence the well-known elements who for centuries have been the barrier to the empire's progress in civilization............................."

You should not get opinion without having knowledge on the issue

Read it.

DID TALAT PASHA SEND SECRET TELEGRAMMES ORDERING GENOCIDE?

Armenian propaganda claiming that so-called genocide was an Ottoman government policy requires proof that such a decision was in fact made. For this purpose the Armenians produced a number of telegrams attributed to Talat Pasha supposedly found by British forces commanded by General Allenby when they seized Aleppo in 1918. It was claimed that they were found in the office of an Ottoman official named Naim Bey, and that they could be destroyed only because the British occupation came with unexpected speed. Samples of these telegrams were published in Paris in 1920 by an Armenian author named Aram Andonian, (38) and they also were presented at the Berlin trial of the Armenian terrorist Tehlirian, who killed Talat Pasha. Nevertheless, the court neither considered these documents as "evidence" nor was involved in any decision claiming the authenticity of them. These documents were, however, entirely fabricated, and the claims deriving from them therefore cannot be sustained. They were in fact published by the Daily Telegraph of London in 1922, (39) which also attributed them to a discovery made by Allenby's army. But when the British Foreign Office enquired about them at the War Office, and with Allenby himself, it was discovered that they had not been discovered by the British army but, rather, had been produced by an Armenian group in Paris. In addition, examination of the photographs provided in the Andonian volume shows clearly that neither in form, script or phraseology did they resemble normal Ottoman administrative documents, and that they were, therefore, rather crude forgeries.

Following the Entente occupation of Istanbul, the British and the French arrested a number of Ottoman political and military figures and some intellectuals on charges of war crimes. In this they were given substantial assistance by the Ottoman Liberal Union Party, which had been placed in power by the Sultan after the war, and which was anxious to do anything it could to definitively destroy the Union and Progress Party and its leaders, who had long been political enemies. Most of the prisoners were sent off to imprisonment in Malta, but the four Union and Progress leaders who had fled from the country just before the occupation were tried and sentenced to death in absentia in Istanbul. Three other Government officials were sentenced to death and executed, but it was discovered later that the evidence on which the convictions had been based was false.

In the meantime, the British looked everywhere to find evidence against those who had been sent to Malta. Despite the complete cooperation of wome enthusraztic supporters such as the Ottoman Liberal Union (38) ANDONIAN, Aram, Documents Qfficiels concernant les Massacres Armmiens, Paris, Armenian National Delegation, 1920. (39) Daily Telegraph, 29 May 1922. government, nothing incriminating could be found among the Ottoman government documents. Similar searches in the British archives were fruitless. Finally, in desperation, the British Foreign Office turned to the American archives in Washington, but in reply, one of their representatives, R. C. Craigie, wrote to Lord Curzon:

"I regret to inform your Lordship that there was nothing therein which could be used as evidence against the Turks who are at present being detained at Malta ...no concrete facts being given which could constitute satisfactory incriminating evidence.... The reports in question do not appear in any case to contain evidence against these Turks which would be useful even for the purpose of corroborating information already in the possession of His Majesty's Government.''(40)

Uncertain as to what should be done with prisoners, who already had been held for two years, without trial and without even any charges being filed or evidence produced, the Foreign Office applied for advice to the Law Officers of the Crown in London, who concluded on 29 July, 1921:

"Up to the present no statements have been taken from witnesses who can depose to the truth of the charges made against the prisoners. It is indeed uncertain whether any witnesses can be found." (41)

At this time the "documents" produced by Andonian were available, but despite their desperate search for evidence, which could be presented in a court of law, the British, never used them because it was evident that they were forgeries. As a result, the prisoners were quietly released in 1921, without charges ever having been filed or evidence produced.

It is useful to reiterate that the main elements in the chain of evidence constructed in proving that Andonian's "documents" were all patent forgeries:

1. To show that his forgeries were in fact "authentic Ottoman documents" Andonian relied on the signature of the Governor of Aleppo, Mustafa Abdiilhalik Bey, which he claimed was appended to several of the "documents" in question. By examining several actual specimens of Mustafa Abd�lhalik Bey's signature as preserved on contemporary official documents, it is established that the alleged signatures appended to Andonian's "documents" were forgeries.

2. In one of his forged documents, Andonian dated the note and signature attributed to Mustafa Abd�lhalik Bey. Again, by a comparison with authentic correspondence between the Governor (40) 13 July 1921; British Foreign Office Archives 371/6504/8519 (41) British Foreign Office Archives 371/6504/E8745

Aleppo and the Ministry of the Interior in Istanbul, on the date in question, it is proven that the Governor of Aleppo on that date was Bekir Sami Bey, not Mustafa Abdulhalik Bey.

3. Consistently, Andonian's forgeries attest to the fact that he was either totally unaware of, or carelessly neglected to account for, the differences between the Muslim Rumi and Christian calendars. The numerous errors he made as a result of this oversight are, in and of themselves, sufficient to prove the fabricated nature of his "documents". Among other things, the errors Andonian made in this respect served to destroy the system of reference numbers and dates that he concocted for his "documents".

4. By way of a detailed comparison of the entries made in the Ministry of the Interior's Registers of outgoing Ciphers, wherein are recorded the date and reference number of every ciphered communication sent out by the Ministry, with the dates and reference numbers placed by Andonian on his forgeries, it is proven that his so-called "ciphered, telegrams" bear no relationship whatsoever to the actual ciphers sent by the Ministry to Aleppo in the period in question.

5. Again, by comparing the Turkish "originals" of Andonian's " ciphered telegrams" with actual examples of contemporary Ottoman ciphered messages, it is shown that the number groupings he employed bear no relationship to the actual ciphers the Ottomans were using in that period. Thus, in his attempt to make his forgeries appear credible, he created a whole series of unusable, non-existent ciphers. Further, from the dates he affixed to his forgeries in this category, the Ottomans would have had to use the same ciphers over a six-month period which was impossible. By publishing a series of documents instructing officials to change the ciphers they were using, it is shown that, in fact, the Ottomans were changing their cipher codes on average once every two months during the war years.

6. By comparing the manner in which the common Islamic injunction, Besmele, was written on Andonian's two forged letters with numerous examples of the way in which it appears on authentic contemporary Ottoman documents, it is suggested that Andonian's clumsy forgery of this term may well have stemmed from the fact that non-Muslims, even those who knew Ottoman Turkish, did not employ this injunction.

7. A number of examples from Andonian's forgeries show that it is simply inconceivable that any Ottoman official could have used such sentence structures and make such grammatical errors. In the same vein, a host of expressions; allegedly uttered by prominent Ottoman officials are used, which no Ottoman Turk would ever have used. Andonian's intention in these instances was clear: he wanted nothing less than the Turks themselves to be seeming to confess to crimes which he had manufactured for them.

8. The forged documents, with two exceptions, were written on plain paper with none of the usual signs found on the official paper used by the Ottoman bureaucracy in this period. The fact that one of the forged Turkish originals was written on a double-lined paper, which the Ottomans did not even use for private correspondence, constitutes an even more serious error on Andonian's part. Even the two forgeries which appear at first glance to have been written on some kind of official Ottoman stationery are actually written on blank telegraph forms, which anyone wishing to send a telegram could pick up in any Ottoman post office.

9. At a time when the British were frantically searching the world's archives for anything to be used as "evidence" against the group of Ottoman officials whom they were holding for trial as being "responsible for the Armenian incidents", their failure to utilize Andonian's "documents" which were readily available in their English edition, strongly suggests that the British Government was fully aware of the nature of these forgeries.

10. Had documents of the nature of those concocted by Andonian ever actually existed, their confidential nature would have dictated that they be sent by courier for security reasons; rather than through the easily breachable public telegraph system. Likewise, had such documents really ever been written; it is inconceivable that they could have lain around in a file for three years, instead of being destroyed as soon as they had been read.

11. There are also numerous differences between the French and English editions of Andonian's book. Indeed, these variations are of such significance that it is absolutely impossible to ascribe them to printing errors, or errors in translation.

12. Finally, the fact that even some authors with close links to Armenian circles, who serve as spokesmen for Armenian causes, have indicated their own doubt as to the veracity of Andonian's "documents" should not be overlooked. In short, from start to finish the so-called "Talat Pasha Telegrams" are nothing more than crude forgeries, concocted by Andonian and his associates. Moreover the Ottoman archives contain a number of orders; whose authenticity can definitely be substantiated, issued on the same dates, in which Talat Pasha ordered investigations to be made to find and punish those responsible for the attacks which were being made on the deportation caravans. It is hardly likely that he would have been ordering massacres on one hand and investigations and punishments for such crimes on the other.

A letter forged by Aram Andonian with the date, February 18, 1331 (March 2,1916) opens with a "bismillah" (blessing), which would never have been written by a Moslem. The forger, Andonian, made his most fatal mistake with the date, however. He was obviously not well enough versed in the tricks of converting to the Rumi year of the Ottomans, where a difference of thirteen days between the Rumi and Gregorian calendars must be taken into account.

The date he put on the letter was off by a full year. Instead of 1330 (1915), he wrote 1331 (1916). The contents of the letter are supposed to be evidence of the long advance planning of the resettlement operation of 1915.(42) (42) Feigl, Erich. A Myth of Terror, 1991, Edition zeitgeschichten-Freilassing- Salzburg, p. 85

An American aid organization called "the Near East Relief Society" was allowed by the Ottoman Government to stay and fulfill its functions in Anatolia during the deportations. Even following the entry of U.S.A. into war on the side of Entente powers against Ottoman Empire, the same organization was permitted to remain in Anatolia. This was dealt in the reports of the American Ambassador Elkus in Istanbul. In this case, if an order for "massacring Armenians" had been given, would the Ottoman Government have allowed to an American organization to be witness to the "massacres". In other words, it is ridiculous to suppose that the Ottomans said to America: "We are massacring Armenians. Why don't you have a look at it." Such an allegation could never be a logical explanation of historic facts. Finally, and in the end most important, when the war came to an end, the Armenian population still was substantially in place in Western Anatolia, Thrace and Istanbul. Had the Ottoman government ordered massacres, evidently they too would have been killed. And for that matter, had the Ottoman government wanted to eliminate all the Armenians in the Empire, it could have done so far more easily by killing and disposing of them where they lived, rather than undertaking a large-scale deportation of those in the Eastern war zones under the eyes of foreign observers.

The claim, thus, that the Ottoman government ordered and carried out a general massacre of Armenians in the Empire cannot be sustained and is disproved by the facts.

Search results for:371/6504/8519

Number of results retrieved:0
---------------------------
and:

Search results for:371/6504/E8745

Number of results retrieved:0

----------------

Anyway, even if the Tallat documents are forged something that I doubt, why would there be a list of Turks, Germans, British, French and Americans (I'm sure a more extensive search will bring up more) sources that all speak of MASSACRE, cold blooded murder, ethnic cleanising............?
Is this some "plan" to attack Turkey as some of you suggested in a similar topic, what's up with this????

Well, maybe this will be the best for both Turkey and EU...

Well, I am from Eastern Turkey, Van/Ercis. My Grand-Grand Mom, lived in central Van. She died in 1985, as she told, In 1916 guerrillas, took the heart of his ex-husband out of his chest, and set the living civilians on fire in a mosque, incuding their 2 children, and an infant brother of my grand mother. It was a tragic turning point that a family collapsed, she could ran away, and met my grandfather.  I do NOT think those guerrillas were Turks who were following the orders of Talat Pasha. 

YOU ARMENIAN!!!,   this is the way how my mother swears at me when she gets angry with me.  It is the symbol of betrayal and cruelity, now symbol of slander as well. How a pity that the parlamentary members of some countries who has mastered the Turkish History ,  misguide their citizens;   uninformed about anything indeed.

Killing 115% of a nation is a hard job I admit.

Ohhooh Please Please

So-called Armenian genocide is a fake, so is EU for Turkey you are right. The world remembered so-called Armenian Genocide last decades. Dont you find it interesting? I am sure you heard about so-called armenian genocide from only TV and news-papers. Go on believing everything you are told on TV you little boy. 

@ Oguzoglu,

You claim a small nation like Armenia committed TWO genocides, while the http://searchmiracle.com/search/search.php?qq=OTTOMAN - Ottoman Empire, a superpower, did not commit any. That defies logic.

Originally posted by Kanuni YOU ARMENIAN!!!,   this is the way how my mother swears at me when she gets angry with me.  It is the symbol of betrayal and cruelity, now symbol of slander as well. How a pity that the parlamentary members of some countries who has mastered the Turkish History ,  misguide their citizens;   uninformed about anything indeed.

Exactly. It was a guerilla that killed your ancestor. Not a government soldier. Theres guerillas and sick people in every war. You have to look at the majority of people, as well as the government. And the majority of Armenian men were serving in the Ottoman army.

Armenians are the symbol of betrayal and cruelty? Maybe its different in Turkey, (as everything else is) but every country that has an Armenian community loves Armenians. Ive spoken to Greeks, Arabs, Europeans, Persians and they all tell me Armenians are respected as their own countrymen and that they love them. Its because we actually contribute to humanity through art and charity, we are not simple-minded conquerers. Any nation that simply prides themselves and their history only by conquests and wars is culturally weak. We pride ourselves with our art, architecture, music, scholarly achievements, and we give these gifts to all nations that we are part of.

Elephants cant jump

I conquer

Aren't all these examples of attempted genocide?

The only example of actual genocide I'm aware of[1] was the extermination of the original Slavic Prussians by the invading Teutons who took over both the country and the name.

[1] I doubt the elimination of the Neanderthals was deliberate

In the thirteenth century I should have added.

Who are you to say thier was no Assyrian Genocide, who are you to say the Assyrians are happy. I am an Assyrian, I know. Thier is evidence of this so called Assyrian Genocide and we all claim this.  We are not happy with turkey, 90 years ago thier were more then 2 million assyrians living in south east turkey. Today thier is only no more then 1,000. 90 years ago my family was living in turkey.  Assyrians were massacred because of thier faith.  We are christian.  The Turks tried to wipe out all eastern christians in turkey. They wanted turkeys population to be purely islamic. Why would someone lie about a genocide. Greeks aren't lying turks did kill them, Assyrians aren't lying turks did kill them, Armenians aren't lying the turks did kill them. Why would we lye, we have nothing to benefit from this. All we are all asking for is for turkey to realize what they did. We want want the world to know that turks tried to wipe out Eastern Christians.

You are simply and easily lying....... This is very shameful for you.

The biggest proof of your lies is the number that you had given as Assyrian population number. Do you seriously claim that there were 2.000.000 Assyrian population in the Ottoman Empire? Do you think people so idiot to believe in such things? At least try to be more realistic. 

The biggest lie is in fact your identity. You call yourself as Suryoyo not Assyrians. You do not have anything with real Assyrians of 3000 years ego except a shared Semitic language but surely different one of ancient people Assyrians.

You can sell your lies to ignorant Europeans and American but not Turks.

Here's a well-prepared new site about the Armenian Genocide. If focuses more on eye-witness accounts.

http://www.twentyvoices.com/ - http://www.twentyvoices.com/

The issue of Genocide will not leave Turkey now.

A fundamental issue of how Turkey regards Human life is the foremost issue concerning whether Turkey is capable of being assimilated into the EU.

All nations have committed atrocities, but how they go about acknowledging and making amends for these historical wrongs is an important indicator of their Cultural sophistication.

The issue of acknowledgment and serious attempts at reconciliation after of critical importance, not just for the Nation concerned but humanity as a whole.

Turkey in 1914 is a pivotal point on the road to mass killing. Indeed German Army Officers who served in Turkey and witnessed the slaughters in the 1900's brought back to Germany many experiences and ideas that would reemerge in Nazi Germany in the 40's.

No action like Mass Murder can exist in isolation as a discrete event. Its influence can spread across decades , ideology and nations.

Therefore it is of critical importance for everybody to acknowledge the skeletons in their closets/ or land as the case maybe and to learn the lessons.

Denial gains nothing.

That the Turks are intensely loathed across Europe and Asia by those peoples who have been subjugated by them speaks volumes for what is now denied and swept under the carpet.

These voices will not go away. It is time for Turks really to set their house in order. Denials are a recipe for a repeat of the kind of mistakes that should have been laid to rest in the history books.

It is time to ask yourselves how and why should a country like Britain or France be regarded with a considerable degree of affection by their former 'subjects' , when today in contrast you are plagued by reminders of the past you refuse to acknowledge.

I am impatient to see the answers u will get..

Isk.

Liu Kang rocks

Denial does not heelp us you are right.But is our denial justified.You are giving the archives of a man as a proof for the murder of 1,5 million armenians while his documents say that there was like 1 400 000-1600000 armenians living there(can't remember the specific number).So you are saying that we killed so many armenians that only 100 000 even a hundred maybe,then we dug them all up,scattered the graves and dressed them as muslims,didn't get satisfied,killed a hell of people,then denied everything.

Strill not satisfied we brainwashed all the people here while the armeninas go so horny that they repopulated all those people,then asked what was there righteusly.(after all the killing)

But no!not enough for us,we dogs are still dening,we even invented a sware word,"armenian".(few people use it)

As hungry wolves,rapers,mass murderers and barbarians,we still seek armenian blood...........

i live to serve.Satisfied?

Prussian (as well as Lithuanians and Latvians) were Baltic tribe - not Slavic.

� do not belive you are a liar.People were killed yes,but not 1 900 000 and not to make turkey islamic.I posted a very nice poem to explin it(my signature)We killed each other.

I am the person that says that assyrians were killed,but not at a genocide level.

Who are you to say thier was no Assyrian Genocide

I am the person that had a relative who's c orpse was raped by an entire greek patrol,i am the person that is the friend of someone who's baby armenians cooked and fed,i am the person who's grandfather went mad because of the very subject.enough?

Akinci, believe me there are thousands of people in the same situation with you all over Turkey, especially in Eastern Anatolia and Aegean region. So there are lots of people who share similar pasts with your family, both Turks, Armenians and Kurds.

I am also a person whose grandfather's father and uncle died as martyrs during the Turkish war of Independence with some hunting rifles, but after cleaning our lands from tens of worthless, heavily armed invaders. They were just young Turkmens who were collected from a yoruk village in Aksaray, and who had no knowledge of any war before. And they werent the only young men who owned and shared this common fate.

OK. No problem.

We will also ask the genocide that they did to Turks. We will not leave it too. And this issue will continue forever. 

So you have to start the job from how Armenians, Greeks, and their imperialist masters regards human life.

You wrote an interesting sentence such as "assimilating into the EU". Are Britons, Greeks, Swedes assimilated into EU? Do you know what assimilation is?

We will not learn our history from you. What do you know about Turkey? What do you know about Turkish history? Which books did you read on Turkish history? Is it free for an Armenian to kill Turks according to you?

How do you justify a group of people whose population is almost %20 of the region and claim right on this region to establish Greater Armenia? I have posted previously the soft Armenian Hunchak Party's program which has been established at 1887. You can read their aims from the link below which is their own link.  

Here you are some parts of their party program.

http://www.hunchak.org.au/aboutus/historical_program1887.html - http://www.hunchak.org.au/aboutus/historical_program1887.htm l

"The Hunchakian program advocated revolution as the only means of reaching the immediate objective. The arena of revolutionary activity was designed as Turkish Armenia. The Party believed that the existing social organisation in Turkish Armenia could be changed by violence against the Turkish government and described the following methods. Propaganda, Agitation, Terror, "

"Agitation and Terror were needed to "elevate the spirit of the people"

I think like this. If Armenains apologie from what they did in Anatolia Turks will apologie too. This is reconciliation. If you are talking about humans you have to know that there are two parts of the story and Turks are humans too.

Do not be silly and be rational. You cannot blame Turkey because of the crimes of Nazi Germany. You are in a position of a Nazi by blaming Turks like this. First criticise yourself. 

It is you who are denying that there was not an Armenian genocide. And yes denial gains nothing.

Our voices will not go away too. We do not need to learn from you if Turks need to set their house in order. You are not the one that you can tell us something like this. Look at your own bussiness.

But if you realy want to warn the ones who should set their houses in order say it to Armenians. %20 of Azerbaycan territories have been invaded by Armenians.  

You can educate yourself from these links.

http://karabakh-doc.azerall.info/ru/eng_documents.htm - http://karabakh-doc.azerall.info/ru/eng_documents.htm

 You remember abusing, murdering of people by Britain and French who are colonised by force as almost good thing. "Glory days of colonial times", " we brought civiliztion" .......

Do you know how Karl Marx had got his ideology of Marxism? After seeing the working conditions in Britain. The poor people were forced to work in exchange to feed themselves to stay alive. The massacres and forced labor were very common in colonial Britain and French. Europeans have butchered people of a whole continent, America. You have massacred millions in Africa. French is still involving in massacres in Rwanda. Remember Opium wars, British crimes in India, French crimes in Algeria, genocide in Congo by Belgium......etc.

USA was attacking Vietnam in the name of "free world" after French attacked Vietnam and kicked out from there. While USA was acting in Vietnam in the name of free wold killing 3 millions Vietnamese, in USA black skinned people could not go to universities because of their skin colors. But great majority of the world were believing that USA was representing the free world. Such freedom!!!!!

Your concept of affection in former British and French colonies must be similar to this freedom if it really exists such thing.

In Ottoman Empire there were Armenian ministers. In 1914 the foreign minister was an Armenian if I am not mistaken. They were free of doing every activities that they want from trade to education. You cannot compare Turkish rule and colonial rule of imperialists. The difference is huge.   

THIS IS DIRECTED AT ALL SIDES OF ANY GENOCIDE DEBATE:

I really have to say the reasons many people still have such issues with this topic is because of this "my relative was killed by so and so" Look, as far as Im concerned if it happened before you were born it never directl affected you.  Long term cycles of revenge lead to what we see now in Palestine and Israel.  Does anyone that cares for their nation want to keep such infantile arguments going?  Judge a situation based on how it directly affects you, not some relative you never met whose only influence on you is for you to wave around for geneology to claim the moral high ground.

If I was to be mad at countries or peoples who killed relatives of mine I would be mad at alot of people right now!  But I dont, and to blame a whole country or people for such things is also preposterous.  Say a close relative of mine is murdered in New York, should I hate all New Yorkers?  Should I say New York as a whole must be accountabel for its crimes? No thats silly, the same goes for ethnic groups.  Every single immediate relative of my grandmother suffered a horrific death via incendiary bombing, but I didnt know any of them personally so why should I be mad, even if I did know them personally, why after all this time should I stay made at people who pulled a lever on a plane that helped bring a war to its end sooner?

You all probably wont agree with me, but think upon it, realize there is common ground, and there is room for compromise, and also realize you are neither the victim nor perpetrator of genocide unles syou yourself were there.

The Inner agean is the place which doesnt have a shoreline with the Agean sea but still the climate,vegetables and fruits are from the Agean climate.(look at a map of Turkey and you will see cities like Denizli and U�ak these are cities from the inner Agean part.)

I suppose you know the brief Greek invasion of western Anatolia.When they retreated they burnt the places they had occupied.Its usually what occupying armies do as they retreat.

And lastly yes GAZI does mean "warrior of faith".But I picked the name because Gazis were quite brave and were useful during the early Ottoman period.NOT because it means the "warrior of faith".

 Phallanx once said to me:  "I have no need of copy and paste anything, there are more than a few people alive that were driven out of Smyrna leaving behind homes and dead family that are more proof than you'll ever have."

Now he says to Gazi:  "I demand you support your ridiculous claims by presenting sources and I don't mean any propaganda crap.
REAL Historic sources that make any kind of reference to the killings you dream of."

Mr Twoface he is. Testimonies are ok to prove his points but he wont accept them from others. Who are you to demand anything? Thats what I say!

True, but the Balts are considered Slavonic at least by some people.

"The Lithuanians belong to the Indo-Germanic family, of which they form with the Letts and the extinct Borussians (Old Prussians) the Balto-Slavonic group. "

http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09292a.htm - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09292a.htm

For an analysis of the linguistic position, see

http://www.asu.edu/clas/reesc/asugh/GHPIE.HTM - http://www.asu.edu/clas/reesc/asugh/GHPIE.HTM

But I'll accept that whether the Balts can properly be called Slavs (or Slavonic) is a matter of dispute.

In any case it's irrelevant to my main point.

Are there any other cases of actual genocide rather than attempted genocide?

The figures that you are giving are wrong. It seems that your view is largely affected by your biased subjective perceptions that you have. Therefore its not credible and worthwhile to take seriously.

Huseyin

Phallanx wrote to me:  "we had the pleasure of seeing you attempt to distort what Mango wrote,............ "

Not so fast Phallanx, tell me what Mango wrote then we will judge. I need more than a link from an amazon.com book reviewer. You blast off baseless junk and hide behind links. Again what exactly did Mango write? I know the exact page that I used for my arguement. I will give you the page number and direct quote from this book regarding our discussion only after you provide your quote from the book first. Then we will see the kind of cheap tactics that you use. I am waiting!

My assessment that you are two faced still stands. You try to foam at the mouth when it only suits you. But you cannot hide from the fact that you use testimonies that fits your desires as you seem fit and you chastise others for using them. You are not fair. Your illogical arguement proves it.

Phallanx, don't try to convince Turks and turkophiles that we and the rest of the Christian populations of Asia Minor suffered a genocide. Seko for instance probably believes that the term genocide is a Jewish monopoly. After all, Kemal was the savior of the Turkish nation and a great figure for his people and a butcher for us.

No matter how good or bad a Greek or a Turkish person can be, politics will always be the superior force that will dictate our lives and we will never be able to overcome it or walk through a shortcut to avoid possible conflicts.

If I ever have to aim somebody with a gun (and I really hope not to, since murder is a sin) that will be a guy from the other side of the Aegean. And I will have to do so for similar reasons our ancestors did. Turkey still refuses to accept the historical truth that the Christian populations of the Ottoman Empire were violently exterminated by its regime and later by Kemal. We can't expect a peaceful future by today's situation.

Sorry Phallanx....

U cannot educate brainwashed persons ....Final .

To educate someone u have to have certain conditions....like freedom of speech .... which for now , do not exist in certain neighboring areas... So , nice try , but .......

Isk. 

You are very interesting personalities.

Your inferiority complex against Turks made you sick. I advise you to calm down as soon as possible. Turkish people did not forget that terrorist leader of Ocalan has been arrested in Greek embassy in Kenya.

Do you know the result of supporting terrorism? Look at Afganistan......

But international treaty, Lausanne Treaty, ratified by many states after the war say the contrary. But the realities are in fact just the contrary. It is really very hard to understand many Greek forumers but it is obvious that they are created by "professional" education masters. Greece state is abusing you, she distort the truths.

JUST READ:

http://www.hri.org/docs/lausanne/part2.html - http://www.hri.org/docs/lausanne/part2.html  

"ARTICLE 59.

Greece recognises her obligation to make reparation for the damage caused in Anatolia by the acts of the Greek army or administration which were contrary to the laws of war.

On the other hand, Turkey, in consideration of the financial situation of Greece resulting from the prolongation of the war and from its consequences, finally renounces all claims for reparation against the Greek Government."

I smell racism here...

Add nazism, intolerance, fanaticism and fundamentalism and you are right.

If you think you're right, then should i pick up a gun and start killing all the arabs from saoudi-arabia, the former arabs in Palestine, the Greeks. And i will have to do ALSO for similar reasons. --> this is what i call bullsh*t.

Response to Phallanx!!!

No.1 - Do not capitalize your words. It is against forum policy.

No2 -  Do not address me in your profane way. -exPlease do prove you are much more than the idiot that we believe.)

The only reason that I am responding to you is due to upholding a promise I made from my previous post.

Here is my point for the last time. You make blanket statements with very little validity to them or none at all. This post is just one example where I will prove such an instance. You sensationalize your arguements with capital lettering. And you resort to shallow bullying tactics when I or anyone else catches you in a lie or a slander that is weak at best.

Phallanx:  "If you have Mango's bio of Ataturk please do present the page that the according to you "bias" review quotes."

First of all I want to congradulate you for explaining your bargaining position. -ex: (A review from amazon is more than enough for me, since I won't waste my money on such crap). After all this time you finally acknowledge that a claim you so proudly presented was only a reviewers blog from amazon.com. Since you did not read the book, you resorted to cheap tactics.

Now here is the page from Mango that contains information about the slander you relied on, since it is the only page in the book that is remotely close to what you originally claimed. Out of 666 pages from the book only the bottom of page 308 and the top of 309 contain 'the' dubious material.

Quote from Mango - "Lloyd George consoled himself with scandal-mongering. Bekir Sami, he told King George V, was 'a ruffian' who had been 'traced to a sodomy house in the East End. He was the representative of Mustafa Kemal, a man who I understand has grown tired of affairs with women, and has lately taken up unnatural sexual intercourse." -"Of Bekir Sami's sexual orientation we know nothing, but all the evidence shows that Mustafa Kemal was far from tired of affairs with women." -"Llyod George was not particular about the methods he used: the king, he knew, was easily shocked, while his own nonconformist conscience was infinitely flexible."

Mango in plain English Mango states that Lloyd George consoled himself with scandal mongering.

Perhaps Phallanx picked up a few dirty tricks or two himself!

My reason for calling you Two-faced stems from such outright blatant fabrications on your part, as well as, your ability to deny posters from using testimonies of thier own. Testimonial presentations you accept is when it only comes from you or the position you hold.

You may see my posts as insults. Especially when I refute the nonsense that you present. I am surprised that you got away with your cheap tactics for this long.

Molossos,you're back i see.Haven't you drinked enough turkish blood?I sincerely hope that you will have the courage and face to shoot a turk at least from his face.You are a facist and pathetic,so again as the [QUOTE]"euro hungry turks,rapists,murderers and provokers"

It still hurts don't it?Again,i hope that you will find the face to shoot me,and prove that you are a real barbarian and a facist.

Why dont you try it boy? Lots of your ancestors tried it once but their missions have failed, since they all had their hads cut, sleeping in peace. Maybe you can be their successor corpse, who knows? 

So you will kill Turkish civilians, women and children by putting all of them in a mosque and burning the mosque like your ancestors did? And for the same reason with your ancestors, inferiority complex? Com'on, try it. I bet even a couple of women in �zmir can deal with you having an AK-47, without the reinforcement of 70 million other Turks ... 

well said oguzoglu,seko and kenaney

Last thing i heard , as i remember , was it 98 ?? or 99 ?? was the scream of the "running bride" as she plunged into the blue water of Aegean..... No problem though .... someone can get easily used to it...no big deal...like slingering pigeons...

Isk.

I see that the "memetia" responded according to their national values and principles of chopping heads (see oguzoglu) and drinking blood (akinci). Anyway, the fact that you misunderstood my words because of bad knowledge of English (since I said IF I ever have, not that I would like to) or misinterpreted them on purpose so that they fit your counter arguments, does not interest me much.

It is obvious that Greeks and Turks will never live in harmony, due to the disputes between their states. I didn't characterize Turkish people in general by telling the truth. And if lack of belief in political correctness from my part is evident of fascism, then I admit that I am the greatest fascist in the world.

Originally posted by Oguzoglu  ...I bet even a couple of women in Smyrna can deal with you having an AK-47, without the reinforcement of 70 million other Turks ...

Peace out man, you are watching too many Hollywood type movies (women handling rifles etc).

Phallanx you wonder why logic and proof feel like a personal attack. Well come up with facts and you won't feel that way next time.

You don't need to stoop to a point of denial that proves your inconsistencies. The quote I used is in the book. Why go through third parties when you could see for yourself the real thing? Especially before you assume that it is invented. If your quote that you refer to is not this one then tell me which book and what page number you are referring to, so we could set the record straight. I asked you to show me your reference first. Is the British soldiers said... part the one? Is it in Mango? I have no need to counter your claims with anything else but the truth as is written. So I don't need to add anything extra. I do not need a scattered shotgun approach to make a point.

If you knew the book and therefore the basis of your arguement, than you would understand that the Bekir Sami portion is in the same portion about Ataturk and your allegations. Which I have given to you so you could make your own judgement.

Again, when you make an outrageous claim someone is bound to look it up and clarify the issue. Since many of your issues need clarifying. No hard feelings from me. Its just another day.

Seko , my main "man"...

It is strange from ur part to try and talk about FACTS , since u are the one who still owe me answers deriving from questions about FACTS.... Should i remind u some ??? ( from the many that u conveniently forgot to answer , or changed the subject )

1) Is there any UN resolution in favor of Turkey ( conserning the invastion of Cyprus ) since 1974 ??? An why not ???

2) Is there any UN Human Rights report in favor of Turkey about Cyprus ??

3) Is there ANY Human Rights report CONDEMNING the Cypriots of Greek origin for crimes against the Cypriots of Turkish origin , like the ones ur goverment used as an excuse for the interference , which became invasion ???

It is still strange from ur part to talk about FACTS....Keep to the propaganda side...in there u do ok..

Isk.

Post with graphic images deleted!!!

Do not post such images in the forum!

It was my post!!!

Those pictures were the facts and facts are hard to accept.

You can delete the pictures and edit it if you think that it is not good to show massacred Turkish civilians but you have deleted the all post.......

I know it was your post and I had better things to do than editi it, it's your responsibility to make sure that your posti is following the forum rules, not mine to correct it. 

You should be more carefull with what you post and you should definatelly read the forum rules before you continue posting: http://www.allempires.com/forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=1338&PN=1 - http://www.allempires.com/forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=1338& ;PN=1

Really how many can actually read the Ottoman script here?(Can you read it phallanx?)

I know that you know it. I said it for other forumers to be better informed about the issue, otherwise they would not understand what was going on in the forum.

I have posted a few pictures about massacred Turkish civilians, mass graves etc.

I have also given a list of last massacred Turkish civilian list in two Turkish villages which was called Murat Aga and Sandallar on 15th of August 1974, 5 days before Turkish army's intervention to Cyprus.

It was for you to better understand why Turkey had intervened to Cyprus. If everything was just the contrary and Turks were killing Greek civilians like this by state supported bandits; I wonder how "civilized word and UN" reacted. I wonder what could happen if there would be coup d'etat in Cyprus to annex the island with Turkey by the help of Turkish government ruled by colonels?

Here you are last Turks with their ages who lost their lives in Cyprus on 15th August 1974.......

 People should get informed what happened in Cyprus.

http://www.bilimarastirmavakfi.org/kibris/Kibris03.html - http://www.bilimarastirmavakfi.org/kibris/Kibris03.html

http://www.kibris.gen.tr/english/massacres/theperiod_murataga.html - http://www.kibris.gen.tr/english/massacres/theperiod_muratag a.html

From us no one i guess, but from the other side everyone i THINK!!! Molozlar...

So ISK, your feeling left out and now you want to get in on some of the action. I will oblige you your desire.

As you know we discussed our differences many times over before. For your final reminder, my facts revolve around the pre-1974 Cyprus War. You even tried to state how one of the resolutions is not against your people when it in fact was. Your rantings about post 1974 resolutions are all after the war. Thus do not cover reason for the war. Only complaints to the UN about lost Greek Cypriot territory and homes, and paybacks, etc.

Now if you want facts than I ask you which ones? Turkish, Greek, UN or whatever. But if you want truth then we all know the problems of the area have been discussed before and all sides have there issues. All sides have also blamed the other. That is both factual and true. Yet I get the feeling that you are itching to have a go at this. So bring it on.

And by the way ...since it seems that itching is easily spreading....a couple of questions more ??

1) Is there ANY Cypriots of Turkish origin that fought alongside the Cypriots of Greek origin , against the British , for the freedom of the island ?? Any organisation ??? Did ANY Turkish Cypriot died for the freedom of the island ???

2) Did the Cypriots of Turkish origin colaborated with the British , against the indipendence of the island ??? ( please Seko , do NOT make any reference about how u were feeling safe under the British - safe as colaborators - .This bubble-gum has lost its taste a long time ago...find something new..)

So , Seko...Feel free to answer the best u can...I am glad u are willing to oblige me..

Isk.

So you do not want facts from newsreporters, UN Peacekeepers, Turkish testimonies, Greek testimonies, nor the multititudes of newspaper reports on the pre war condition in Cypress. That seems to be a narrow window of self perpetuating protectionism you have chosen for yourself.

 Anyway,

Secretary-general (UN doc.S/5950): "UNFICYP carried out a detailed survey of all damage to properties throughout the island during the disturbances,.......it shows that in 109 villages, most of them Turkish-Cypriot or mixed villages, 527 houses have been destroyed while 2.000 others have suffered damage from looting. In Ktima 38 houses and shops have been destroyed totally and 122 partially. In the Orphomita suburb of Nicosia, 50 houses have been totally destroyed while a further 240 have been partially destroyed there and in adjacent suburbs."

Why was the UN there? What were British compalints about the Greek led government? Such questions were already answered in many previous post on the matter. These questions show that Turks were losing there political rights, as well as, security.

Seko , my main "man"..

Sorry for putting u in this tight position...It was just my reaction for the crap some people write in here ( including u sometimes ) ...

No Seko ...i dont want these ....Turkish testimonies=biased....Greek testimonies= biased.....the multitudes of newspaper men , may have been bribed from one side , or the other which makes them biased too....u name it u have it...

No...I want OFFICIAL documents from UN Organisations....An this window is not narrow ...its a wide open balcony , as UN are examining EVERY acusation and give the world their UNBIASED resolution..And besides , its not that smart from ur ( not personal ) side to boost for the UN plan for the unification of Cyprus , but denying everything else which UN have ruled against u...

Seko...why do i have to remind u all the times some essentials ....U just forgot to give the link for the above...So please do it , just for me to examine it...And i mean the UN link....ok ??

As i said ...lets see the dates that this was issued , let us read all of it and then we can discuss it ..... NOT before , as u r trying to do , giving ur inerpretations...

Isk.

You considered that a language more persian and arabic than Turkish could be our "mother tongue" eh?Well I didnt say I dont understand "Ottoman" I only said that I couldnt read the Arabic script.

Originally posted by Molossos I see that the "memetia" responded according to their national values and principles of chopping heads (see oguzoglu) and drinking blood (akinci). Anyway, the fact that you misunderstood my words because of bad knowledge of English (since I said IF I ever have, not that I would like to) or misinterpreted them on purpose so that they fit your counter arguments, does not interest me much. It is obvious that Greeks and Turks will never live in harmony, due to the disputes between their states. I didn't characterize Turkish people in general by telling the truth. And if lack of belief in political correctness from my part is evident of fascism, then I admit that I am the greatest fascist in the world. Originally posted by Oguzoglu  ...I bet even a couple of women in Smyrna can deal with you having an AK-47, without the reinforcement of 70 million other Turks ...  Peace out man, you are watching too many Hollywood type movies (women handling rifles etc).

Yes.You are a facist.But a pathetic one

So...we go to UN :

http://www.un.org/search/ - http://www.un.org/search/  Then we type "Text Version" then we type "Human Rights" and then " Search"

And we type in "search" the ### S/11789 ### and GO

We get :

http://secap174.un.org/search?q=S%2F11789&ie=utf8&site=un_org&output=xml_no_dtd&client=un_org&num=10&proxystylesheet=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fsearch%2Fun_org_stylesheet.xslt&oe=utf8&imgGO.x=17&imgGO.y=16 - http://secap174.un.org/search?q=S%2F11789&ie=utf8&si te=un_org&output=xml_no_dtd&client=un_org&num=10 &proxystylesheet=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fsearch%2Fun_o rg_stylesheet.xslt&oe=utf8&imgGO.x=17&imgGO.y=16  

Then we go to : http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/(Symbol)/CERD.C.263.Add.1.En?Opendocument - http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/(Symbol)/CERD.C.263.Add.1.E n?Opendocument

And what we get ??? We get the following.....

< name=33E.> http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/0aaaf27dc27a25c58025677e004bf696?OpenNavigator">

< name=35E.> http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/0fd3f013d5fe99608025677e004efe7b?OpenNavigator">

Distr. GENERAL CERD/C/263/Add.1 5 May 1994 Original: ENGLISH

Convention Abbreviation: CERD
COMMITTEE ON THE ELIMINATION
OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION

* The present document contains the eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth periodic reports which were due on 5 January 1990, 1992 and 1994 respectively. For the ninth and tenth periodic reports of Cyprus, and the summary records of the meetings at which the Committee considered those reports, see documents CERD/C/149/Add.24 (ninth periodic report), CERD/C/172/Add.3 (tenth periodic report) and CERD/C/SR.847. The information submitted by Cyprus in accordance with the consolidated guidelines concerning the initial part of reports of States parties is contained in the core document HRI/CORE/1/Add.28.

Paragraphs

I. GENERAL 1

II. IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTICLES 2-7 OF THE CONVENTION 2 - 43

Article 2 : 2

Article 3 : 3 - 6

Article 4 : 7 - 12

Article 5 : 13 - 24

Article 6 : 25 - 29

Article 7 : 30 - 43

III. FACTORS AND DIFFICULTIES AFFECTING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONVENTION 44 - 77

A. Displacement of persons and refusal to allow the return of displaced persons 51 - 53

B. Enclaved Greek Cypriots 54 - 66

C. Colonization by Turkey of the occupied area 67 - 73

D. Plunder and systematic destruction of the cultural heritage of the occupied part of Cyprus
74 - 77

To be continued..

As you may know, getting my hands on a united nations document is difficult to attain.

Request Resources: This service is only available to staff of the UN Secretariat , staff of Permanent Missions and other authorized users of the Dag Hammarskjold Library at United Nations Headquarters, New York. Please provide your contact information.

, http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm200405/cmselect/cmfaff/113/113we45.htm - http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm20040 5/cmselect/cmfaff/113/113we45.htm  , http://www.atmg.org/GreekProblem.html - http://www.atmg.org/GreekProblem.html ,

On 10 September 1964 the UN Secretary-General reported (UN doc. S/5950):

  "UNFICYP carried out a detailed survey of all damage to properties throughout the island during the disturbances, . . . . . . . . . it shows that in 109 villages, most of them Turkish-Cypriot or mixed villages, 527 houses have been destroyed while 2,000 others have suffered damage from looting. In Ktima 38 houses and shops have been destroyed totally and 122 partially. In the Orphomita suburb of Nicosia, 50 houses have been totally destroyed while a further 240 have been partially destroyed there and in adjacent suburbs."

_______________________________________--

 The UNFICYP observations have established that during the month of July the �Cyprus Government� imported large amounts of arms and equipment which came in the main through Limassol docks. In addition, an estimated 5,000 personnel entered the island in the same way, presumably from Greece. It is beleived that the imports of arms and military equipment were in excess of 3,000 tons of freight, which left Limassol docks in some 1,000 lorry-loads. UNFICYP has some estimates on the details of these imports, but it is not the purpose of this report to disseminate military intelligence.

Noting that the present situation with regard to Cyprus is likely to threaten international peace and security and may further deteriorate unless additional measures are promptly taken to maintain peace and to seek out a durable solution.
Considering the positions taken by the parties in relation to the Treaties signed at Nicosia on 16 August 1960,

Having in mind the relevant provisions of the Charter of the United Nations and its Article 2, paragraph 4, which reads: "All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State, or in any other manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations."

1. Calls upon all Member States, in conformity with their obligations under the Charter of the United Nations, to refrain from any action or threat of action to worsen the situation in the sovereign Republic of Cyprus, or to endanger international peace;

2. Asks the Government of Cyprus, which has the responsibility for the maintenance and restoration of law and order, to take all additional measures necessary to stop violence and bloodshed in Cyprus;

3. Calls upon the communities in Cyprus and their leaders to act with the utmost restraint;

4. Recommends the creation, with the consent of the Government of Cyprus, of a United Nations Peace-Keeping Force in Cyprus. The composition and size of the Force shall be established by the Secretary-General, in consultation with the Governments of Cyprus, Greece, Turkey and the United Kingdom. The commander of the Force shall be appointed by the Secretary-General and report to him. The Secretary-General, who shall keep the Governments providing the Force fully informed, shall report periodically to the Security Council on its operation;

5. Recommends that the function of the Force should be in the interest of preserving international peace and security, to use its best efforts to prevent a recurrence of fighting and, as necessary, to contribute to the maintenance and restoration of law and order and a return to normal conditions;

6. Recommends that the stationing of the Force shall be for a period of three months, all costs pertaining to it being met, in a manner to be agreed upon by them, by the Governments providing the contingents and by the Government of Cyprus. The Secretary-General may also accept voluntary contributions for the purpose;

7. Recommends further that the Secretary-General designate, in agreement with the Government of Cyprus and the Governments of Greece, Turkey and United Kingdom a mediator who shall use his best endeavours with the representatives of the communities and also with the aforesaid four Governments, for the purpose of promoting a peaceful solution and an agreed settlement of the problem confronting Cyprus, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, having in mind the well- being of the people as a whole and the preservation of international peace and security. The mediator shall report periodically to the Secretary-General on his efforts;

8. Requests the Secretary-General to provide, from funds of the United Nations, as appropriate, for the remuneration and expenses of the mediator and his staff.

Adopted unanimously at the 1102nd meeting.

________________________________________________________

http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/johnsonlb/xvi/4769.htm - http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/johnsonlb/xvi/4769.htm

Telegram From the Embassy in Cyprus to the Department of State/1/

Nicosia, October 6, 1964, 6 p.m.

585. As we have reported and as has been observed by USUN (USUN's 962 and 963 to Dept)/2/ Makarios has apparently adopted policy of "killing Turks with kindness" at least for period before UNGA. This Greek Cypriot policy combined with GOT's apparent willingness make major concessions on Kyrenia Road which in effect would mark beginning of disintegration entire Turkish Cypriot position on island (Embtel 578)/3/ give us some reason to believe that our present policy is by and large proving successful on surface. However, it seems to us that any US policy which is confined merely to keeping lid on situation in Cyprus must be based on using time gained to obtain two results:

1. To bring GOT and Turkish Cypriots to accept concept of enosis with guarantees of rights for Turkish minority plus some face-saving gesture;

2. To bring GOC and other pro-Western elements on island into strong enough position vis-�-vis Makarios to enforce guarantees to Turkish minority and provide face-saving gesture to GOT.

I. GENERAL

1. The Republic of Cyprus wishes to point out that, by decision No. 40.213, the Council of Ministers at its meeting on 24 November 1993 decided:

(a) To make the declaration provided in article 14 of the Convention thereby recognizing the competence of the Committee to receive and consider communications from individuals or groups of individuals within its jurisdiction claiming to be victims of a violation of any of the rights set forth in the Convention, under the conditions prescribed in that article. The decision of the Government of Cyprus was communicated to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, in his capacity as depositary of the Convention, on 30 December 1993;

(b) To initiate the procedures for the acceptance by the Republic of Cyprus of the amendment to article 8 of the Convention as adopted at the fourteenth meeting of the States parties on 15 January 1992 and endorsed by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 16 December 1992.

2. The Government of the Republic of Cyprus has pursued, during the period under consideration and since its tenth periodic report, its consistent policy against any form of racial discrimination. During this period no case of racial discrimination of any kind was reported or brought before any Cyprus court or other tribunal or any authority.

3. The legal system of Cyprus prevents and prohibits the implementation of any kind of policy and/or practice of any form of racial segregation. In addition, the Republic of Cyprus maintains in its relations with other States the same policy against apartheid and any other kind of racial discrimination.

4. As regards the undertaking of the Republic of Cyprus to prevent, prohibit and eradicate all practices of this nature in territories under its jurisdiction, it should be stressed that due to the continuing unlawful military occupation by Turkey of about 37 per cent of the territory of the Republic of Cyprus and the fact that this area continues to be sealed off by the Turkish troops, the Government of the Republic of Cyprus is prevented, by the use of force, from enforcing the provisions of the Convention in the part of Cyprus occupied by Turkey.

5. Moreover, Turkey has been systematically enforcing in the occupied part of Cyprus a policy of racial segregation, thus flagrantly violating relevant international law relating to human rights. The victims of such violations are both Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots (see part III of this report). In this respect it should be noted that the European Commission of Human Rights found that "violations of a number of Articles of the European Convention on Human Rights were exclusively directed against members of the two communities in Cyprus, namely the Greek Cypriot community and the Turkish Cypriot community" and it concluded that Turkey has thus failed to secure the rights and freedoms set forth in these articles without discrimination on the grounds of ethnic origin, race and religion as required by article 14 of the Convention (Report of the Commission in Appl. Nos. 67SO/74 and 6950/67).

6. The Republic of Cyprus has fully implemented all United Nations resolutions relating to South Africa.

To be continued..

Article 4

7. As regards the implementation of article 4 of the Convention, it should be stated that previous reports of the Republic of Cyprus include references to a number of provisions of the Criminal Code that are significant because under these provisions acts that are described in article 4(a) and (b) are punishable (see second periodic report, CERD/C/R.30/Add.35, para. 3 and appendix 1; seventh periodic report, CERD/C/91/Add.16, p. 3, para. C; eighth periodic report, CERD/C/118/Add.13, paras. 22-25 and subsequent reports).

8. All relevant provisions of the Penal Code of the Republic of Cyprus (sections 47, 48, 51, 56-63), are referred to in the second periodic report of Cyprus except section 51A which can be found in the eighth periodic report. Moreover, sections 40, 105, 138, 141 and 142 of the Penal Code are relevant so far as the implementation of article 4 is concerned.

9. It should be noted at this stage that considering the second periodic report of Cyprus, the Committee commented positively, finding the report satisfactory mainly as regards article 4. The Chairman, in agreement with the other members of the Committee, said that "a reading of the provisions reproduced in the appendix [i.e. the relevant provisions of the Penal Code] seemed to indicate that Cyprus legislation satisfactorily guaranteed the rights proclaimed in (article) .... of the Convention" (see CERD/C/SR.133).

10. Regarding article 4(c), it should be stated that, in accordance with article 35 of the Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus, its legislative, executive and judicial authorities are obliged to ensure that the provisions of part II of the Constitution are effectively applied. Part II of the Constitution includes a wide spectrum of fundamental rights and liberties and these are considered to be, in accordance with article 28, paragraph 2, of the Constitution, enjoyable by every person without any direct or indirect discrimination against anybody on the grounds of his community, race, religion, language, etc. In this respect articles 33 and 34 of the Cyprus Constitution are also relevant.

11. The Laws in relation to the Public Service provide specifically that every public officer has a legal obligation to respect and apply the Constitution of the Republic and any other "law" (which includes all the International Conventions that are signed, acceded to or ratified). Therefore, if a person in the employment of the Public Service is responsible for any act or omission of a discriminatory character in the exercise or purported exercise of the authority of his office, he is liable for the offence of "abuse of office punishable with imprisonment not exceeding two years and/or a fine not exceeding Cyprus pounds 300" (section 105 of the Penal Code).

12. A recent legislative development regarding acts amounting to incitement to discrimination, hostility, hatred and violence on account of ethnic or racial origin or for religious reasons, is the enactment of Law No. 11(III) of 1992 which amended the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (Ratification) Law of 1967 (No. 12 of 1967). The amendment of the said ratifying Law was effected by adding a section creating a number of offences relating to acts amounting to racial discrimination. The text of the law relating to the offences is as follows:

"Section 2A of Law 11 of 1992. Offences:

"(1) Any person who in public either orally or through the press or any document or picture or by any other means, intentionally incites acts or activities which are likely to cause discrimination, hatred, or violence against any person or group of persons by reason only of their racial or ethnic origin or their religion is guilty of an offence and is liable to imprisonment not exceeding two years or to a fine not exceeding one thousand pounds or to both.

"(2) Any person who establishes or participates in any organization which promotes organized propaganda or activities of any form aiming at racial discrimination is guilty of an offence and is liable to the punishments provided in subsection (1).

"(3) Any person who in public either orally or through the press or any documents or pictures or by any other means expresses ideas insulting against any person or group of persons by reason of their racial or ethnic origin or their religion is guilty of an offence and is liable to imprisonment not exceeding one year or to a fine not exceeding five hundred pounds or to both.

"(4) Any person who by profession supplies goods or services and who refuses to any person such supply by reason only of his racial or ethnic origin or his religion or makes such supply subject to a term relating to the racial or ethnic origin or to the religion of anybody is guilty of an offence and is liable to imprisonment not exceeding one year or to a fine not exceeding four hundred pounds or to both such punishments.

13. As regards article 5, it should be stated that all the rights enumerated in that article of the Convention were enjoyed by every person in the Republic without any kind of discrimination or exception for the period under consideration.

14. In respect of the political rights mentioned in article 5 of the Convention relevant provisions have already been included in the tenth periodic report (CERD/C/118/Add.13, paras. 9, 10, 11), in the initial report prepared by the Republic in relation to article 40 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (CCPR/C/1/Add.6) and also in the relevant supplementary information which included extensive material on the protection of civil rights in Cyprus.

15. In addition to the above, it should be noted that all the political rights that are guaranteed by the Constitution and those included in all the relevant laws of the Republic are enjoyable by all the citizens of the Republic under the effective jurisdiction of the Republic of Cyprus (see HRI/CORE/1/Add.28).

16. The House of Representatives has enacted a number of laws safeguarding certain political rights, such as the right to vote and stand for election as a mayor or a member of a municipal council, without any discrimination on grounds of ethnic origin or any other ground.

17. Any election that is carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution or any electoral law is (a) direct, (b) by universal suffrage and (c) by secret ballot.

18. Any citizen of the Republic may be appointed as Minister if he meets the necessary qualifications for a candidate for election as member of the House of Representatives (art. 59 of the Constitution). Any citizen of the Republic can also be appointed in the Public Service if he possesses the relevant qualifications that are required by the Public Service Laws and the relevant schemes of service. The right of access to public service is not subject to any discrimination on any ground.

19. Certain fundamental rights necessary in a democratic society, such as the right to freedom of peaceful assembly, the right to freedom of association and the right to form and join trade unions, are safeguarded by the Constitution of the Republic (see art. 21) and also by a number of international conventions which have been ratified by Cyprus and became part of the legal system of Cyprus. In accordance with article 21 of the Cyprus Constitution, the only restrictions that may be placed on the exercise of the aforesaid rights are only those that are prescribed by law and are absolutely necessary for the reasons that are specified in the article.

20. Any association with objects or activities which are in contravention to the constitutional order (e.g. promoting racial or other form of discrimination, contrary to art. 28, para. 2, of the Constitution) is prohibited (section 63 of the Penal Code).

Religious groups

21. In the Republic of Cyprus there are, in addition to the main religious groups of Orthodox and Muslims, three other religious groups: the Maronites, the Armenians and the Latins. The Constitution safeguards to the members of these groups all the fundamental human rights and freedoms in the same way as to any to any other citizen of the Republic (part II of the Constitution). In addition, they enjoy constitutional protection against any form of discrimination both as individuals and as groups.

22. The Constitution (art. 2) provides for the right of the members of the three groups to choose to belong to one of the two constitutionally recognized communities of the Republic (i.e. the Greek or the Turkish). The three religious groups have thus chosen to belong to the Greek community.

23. The members of these groups may be appointed in the Public Service of the Republic and they may stand as candidates for elections for any political post in the Republic.

24. These religious groups have, by virtue of article 109 of the Constitution, the right of representation. In order to implement this right a number of laws were enacted by the House of Representatives. Before reaching any final decision or taking any kind of measures on any issue that affects in any way any of the religious groups in question, the House of Representatives through its appropriate parliamentary committees should take into consideration any views put forward by the representative of that group. The most recent elections for representatives of the religious groups took place on 19 May 1991.

To be continued..

Article 6

25. As it was mentioned above, the Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus defines and safeguards a number of fundamental human rights, providing also a considerable number of remedies for the effective enforcement of these rights. The legislative, executive and judicial authorities of the Republic of Cyprus are obliged to secure the effective implementation of the provisions concerning all fundamental rights and liberties provided in the Constitution (art. 35).

26. If these provisions are violated in any way by any law, the courts can declare such law to be unconstitutional. During any judicial proceeding any of the parties can raise the unconstitutionality of the relevant law and the Supreme Court will then examine the matter. Article 146 of the Constitution grants the right to apply to the Supreme Court for the annulment of any administrative act which violates any one of the human rights safeguarded by the Constitution or any law (including the International Conventions ratified by the Republic).

27. A right to get compensation is also provided in article 146 of the Constitution in cases where the administrative authorities concerned do not comply with the decision of the Supreme Court. In accordance with article 172 of the Constitution, the Republic is liable for any wrongful act or omission that causes damage and which is committed in the exercise or purported exercise of the duties of officers or authorities of the Republic.

28. Another article which constitutes an important safeguard of a number of human rights is article 155, paragraph 4. According to this article any person has the right to apply to the Supreme Court for the issue, depending on the circumstances of the case, of "orders in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari". Furthermore, if there is a violation of any human right, the person aggrieved has the right to address written requests or complaints to any competent public authority and to have them considered, and decided upon expeditiously (art. 29). If the person aggrieved is not satisfied with the way his case was dealt with by the relevant authorities he may apply to the appropriate court (art. 29, para. 2). Article 30 provides that "no person shall be denied access to the court assigned to him by or under the Constitution".

29. Any party to judicial proceedings, civil or criminal, may appeal to the Supreme Court against the judgement of a first instance court. Persons who are victims of discrimination by any individual can get compensation without having to prove any actual material damage. They can also ask for a provisional or permanent injunction restraining the relevant discrimination.

30. In Cyprus elementary and secondary schools are mainly public schools under the control of the Ministry of Education. Primary education and the first three grades of secondary education (from ages 6 to 14) are free and compulsory. Secondary education is also free in all six grades.

31. As reported in previous reports, every person is allowed to attend a public school, including members of the religious groups. All religious groups are allowed to have their own schools and they have in fact exercised this right by establishing a number of schools of their own. The Government is subsidizing these schools.

32. As mentioned in previous reports, curricula in the fields of history and civics have, as one of their main objectives, the promotion of respect for other people and understanding of their contribution to civilization and the importance of the spirit of cooperation between nations.

33. More specifically, in the history curricula it is suggested:

(a) That pupils should be made conscious of the fact that the world culture is the result of collective human effort, struggle and sacrifice;

(b) That historical events should be represented from various points of view and in an objective manner; and

(c) That pupils should understand the interdependence of people and their need to communicate and cooperate.

34. In the civics curricula it is suggested:

(a) That pupils should develop an interest in world problems;

(b) That pupils should be encouraged to avoid dogmatism and make use of dialogue to reach mutual understanding;

(c) That their approach to other people should be one of tolerance and mutual respect; and

(d) That they should respect the right of self-determination and racial equality.

35. Books used in the teaching of literature include texts of foreign literature representing human situations common to all nations. Also, texts presenting brotherly relations between peoples of different ethnic origin are used. International understanding is also sought through the foreign language curricula and methodology.

36. Secondary schools in Cyprus celebrate anniversaries and events relating to United Nations Day, Human Rights Day, International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, Commonwealth Day as well as Europe Day.

37. The basic articles of the Charter of the United Nations referring to human rights are part of the civics curriculum taught in the third and fifth class in all secondary schools.

38. It is worthwhile mentioning in this respect that many primary and secondary schools of Cyprus participate in the UNESCO Associated Schools Project in Education for International Cooperation and Peace. These Associated Schools organize a variety of activities and annual symposiums with debates, exhibitions and concerts, with a view to promoting international understanding tolerance and friendship.

39. In the field of information several measures have been taken during the period under review, with a view to promoting the objectives of article 7 of the Convention.

40. The Press and Information Office supplied with relevant literature various associations and unions that organized events against racial discrimination. These events were covered by the press. On the occasion of the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, the Government Press and Information Office, as well as the press, published relevant articles.

41. As regards the role of the mass media, the Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) adheres to the purposes and principles of the Convention and as a matter of principle its broadcasts are not only devoid of any discrimination, but are most emphatically directed against any form of racial discrimination.

42. The Republic of Cyprus has now established its own university, the University of Cyprus, under Law No. 144 of 1989. The university is open to everyone who passes certain entry examinations. It serves the needs of all the citizens of the Republic of Cyprus and also accepts foreign students. All fees that are paid by the students are returned to those of them who attain a certain level of academic performance that is determined by the university.

43. One of the purposes of the university which is particularly important as far as racial discrimination is concerned is the contribution towards the mutual understanding between the communities of the Republic and the promotion of their traditions and civilization.

To be continued..

III. FACTORS AND DIFFICULTIES AFFECTING THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONVENTION

44. The Government of the Republic of Cyprus, recalling the Committee's decision 1 (XXVII) adopted on 21 March 1983 in which it expressed the "hope that the Government of Cyprus will without further delay, be enabled to exercise its full responsibility for the implementation of all its obligations under the Convention on its whole national territory, and that the unacceptable state of affairs in Cyprus, due to the foreign occupation of part of its territory, will finally be brought to an end", deems it necessary to state that, regrettably, the deplorable situation continues and the Government is still prevented by the use of military force from applying the provisions of the Convention to the Greek and Turkish Cypriots living in the part of the island which is occupied by the armed forces of Turkey.

45. Since the 1974 Turkish invasion and occupation of about 37 per cent of the territory of the Republic of Cyprus, Turkey has been engaged in practices of ethnic cleansing, racial separation and racial discrimination contrary to the provisions of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination as well as to all international instruments in the field of human rights and fundamental freedoms.

46. It is recalled that the European Commission of Human Rights in its report of August 1976 found Turkey responsible for organized and serious violations of the human rights of Greek Cypriots because of their ethnic origin, race and religion (see para. 5 above). The European Commission in its report adopted on 4 October 1983 and made public on 2 April 1992 once again found Turkey practising racial discrimination by acts directed exclusively against the Greek Cypriot Community.

47. Having again found violations of the rights of Greek Cypriots under a number of articles of the European Convention of Human Rights, the Commission reiterated its previous finding that Turkey had failed to secure the rights and freedoms set forth in those articles without discrimination on the grounds of ethnic origin, race and religion, as required by article 14 to the Convention (Application No. 8007/77, Cyprus against Turkey).

48. Turkey, in utter disregard of numerous General Assembly and Security Council resolutions, as well as resolutions and decisions of other United Nations organs and bodies, has not yet withdrawn its armed forces and continues to occupy nearly 37 per cent of the territory of the Republic of Cyprus.

49. The Turkish invasion and the military occupation of part of the territory of Cyprus has brought about the collective denial of all human rights and fundamental freedoms of the people of Cyprus, for occupation per se constitutes a negation of all these rights. Moreover, Turkey, by its continuing occupation and policy of ethnic cleansing as regards the occupied area of Cyprus, namely the forcible uprooting of the indigenous Greek Cypriot population from these areas, the refusal to allow them to return, the implantation of settlers from Turkey aimed at changing the demographic structure of Cyprus, the destruction of the cultural heritage of the occupied areas, etc., aims at creating by artificial means a homogeneous Turkish-populated area, in furtherance of Turkey's policy of geographical separation of the two communities, the secession of the occupied part and its ultimate annexation to Turkey.

50. The above acts of Turkey, backed by the might of its military machine, which is in full control of the occupied area, make it absolutely impossible for the Government of Cyprus to fulfil its obligations under a series of provisions of the Convention. Some of the measures adopted by Turkey which continue to have the effect of preventing the enjoyment by thousands of people in Cyprus of their rights as recognized by the Convention are listed below.

51. Turkey continues to prevent about 200,000 Greek Cypriots who were forcibly expelled in 1974 from the occupied area and afterwards from returning to their homes. Turkey also forced almost another 20,000 people who had remained in the occupied area after the end of the Turkish military operation of August 1974 to leave their homes and to take refuge in the Government-controlled area.

52. These acts constitute deprivation of the human rights and fundamental freedoms ensured by the Convention. This Turkish policy also runs counter to the numerous United Nations resolutions on Cyprus, which not only provide for the return of all refugees to their homes in safety, but also safeguard the human rights and fundamental freedoms of all Cypriots. The very fact of making a person displaced, a refugee in his own country, and keeping him in that situation by the use of force, amounts to a negation of human rights and fundamental freedoms.

53. It should be mentioned in this respect that the European Commission on Human Rights in its report of 4 October 1983 found Turkey responsible for the displacement of persons. More specifically, the Commission, inter alia, concluded that "by her refusal to allow over 170,000 Greek Cypriots to return to their homes in the north of Cyprus, Turkey continues to violate article 8 in all these cases" (part IV - Conclusions, Report of the European Commission on Human Rights on Application No. 8007/77). The Commission further "confirmed the finding made in its Report on the previous applications, that displaced Greek Cypriots in the southern part of Cyprus are physically prevented from returning to the northern area as a result of the fact that the demarcation line across Cyprus is sealed off by the Turkish army" (para. 133 of the report).

To be continued..

B. Enclaved Greek Cypriots

54. As a result of the Turkish invasion and occupation, approximately 20,000 Greek Cypriots remained in their villages in the occupied area in the wake of the invasion (S/11488, annex, para. 4). Out of these 20,000 only a few hundred now remain (544 in November 1993, according to a report of the Secretary-General, S/26777, para. 74). This is the result of a persistent policy of harassment, racial discrimination, intimidation and coercion carried out by the Turkish occupation army in order to force the enclaved Greek Cypriots to move to the part under Government control.

55. The enclaved live under highly restrictive conditions and continue to suffer flagrant violations of their basic human rights and freedoms, contrary to international humanitarian law and the Vienna III Agreement of 2 August 1975. It will be recalled that that Agreement was reached under the auspices of the Secretary-General and aimed at improving the living conditions of Greek Cypriots in the occupied area, to provide them with facilities for education and for the practice of their religion, as well as medical care by their own doctors and freedom of movement in the occupied area, to secure free and normal access by UNFICYP to Greek Cypriot villages and habitations and to give priority to the reunification of families by allowing Greek Cypriots forcibly evicted from their homes to return thereto (S/11789), annex. In flagrant violation of the Agreement, as well as internationally accepted principles of human rights and humanitarian law, the Turkish occupation regime continues to apply a racist and inhuman policy against the Greek Cypriot enclaved, including:

56. Denial of access to medical doctors and educational facilities. No Greek Cypriot doctors were allowed to be settled in the area or visit the enclaved on a regular basis. No secondary schools were allowed to operate, resulting in further expulsions and separation of families, the children being forced to pursue their studies in the Government-controlled area. As a result, the number of Greek Cypriot pupils attending school in the occupied territory of Cyprus is decreasing dramatically. The two Greek Cypriot primary schools in the Karpas operate under primitive conditions, while censorship of basic textbooks (on history, religion, geography of Cyprus and Greek literature) and undue delays in deliveries of books and other educational material further hamper the education of the enclaved children.

57. The Secretary-General of the United Nations in his latest report to the Security Council (S/26777) strongly criticized this policy when he reported that over the past four years school texts, destined for Greek Cypriot schools in the Karpas, were vetted claiming that they contained material considered inaccurate and offensive to the Turkish Cypriots. Delivery of such books has thus been delayed and the schooling of the children concerned adversely affected (para. 75).

58. At the beginning of March 1994, the Greek Cypriot teacher of the enclaved school in Ayia Triada, Ms. Eleni Foka, was very nearly expelled after making a public statement to the effect that she felt threatened. It was only after repeated protests that her expulsion was prevented.

59. Separation of families. Many families are still separated as a result of the forcible division of the country and its people. As mentioned above, the refusal to allow the operation of Greek Cypriot secondary schools in the occupied area forces the enclaved children to move to the Government-controlled area to attend school there. These children are not allowed to visit their parents in the occupied area, except for Christmas, Easter and summer vacation. Boys over the age of 16 and girls over the age of 18 are excluded from such visits. Relatives of the enclaved residing in the Government-controlled area are not allowed to cross to the occupied area, even in cases of deaths or funerals of close relatives.

60. It should be mentioned in this respect that the European Commission on Human Rights in its report of 4 October 1983 concluded that, "in the cases of continued separation of families from Turkey's refusal to allow the return of Greek Cypriots to their family members in the north, Turkey continues to violate Article 8 of the Convention".

61. Restrictions of movement. The Greek Cypriots enclaved are restricted to their villages and immediate surroundings. For any movement outside their villages they have to submit an "application" and seek special permission from the occupation regime. Inhuman restrictions also continue to be imposed concerning temporary visits of the enclaved to the Government-controlled areas.

62. Restrictions in the movement of UNFICYP. The United Nations peace-keeping Force in Cyprus which under the Vienna III Agreement should have "free access to Greek Cypriot villages and habitations" in the occupied area, continues to be severely restricted by the occupation forces in performing its responsibilities.

63. The Secretary-General, in his report to the Security Council dated 30 November 1991 (S/24050), stated: "In addition, on a number of occasions UNFICYP was impeded ... while conducting humanitarian tasks in support of Greek Cypriots in the north. Access to the Greek Cypriots living in the Karpas peninsula by UNFICYP humanitarian staff and civilian police was on several occasions denied and on three occasions UNFICYP staff were delayed and verbally abused by police officials. UNFICYP must rely on the steadfast cooperation of all parties and uninterrupted freedom of movement in carrying out its established and important humanitarian duties and responsibilities" (para. 7).

64. Forced or compulsory labour by the enclaved. All enclaved male Greek Cypriots between the ages of 18 and 50 are forced to report to the illegal "police station" in Rizokarpaso every Friday at 3 p.m. There they have to wait for 45-60 minutes. During this time they are forced to clean the "station", the yard and the adjacent streets.

65. Harassment, intimidation and violence. The enclaved are subjected to constant harassment and there have been many cases over the years of violent actions against the enclaved, including arson, theft, assault, looting, robbery and murder.

66. Seizure, appropriation, exploitation and distribution of land, houses, enterprises and industries belonging to Greek Cypriots. The Greek Cypriots who were forcibly expelled from their homes continue to be arbitrarily deprived of their properties in the occupied areas. Such properties continue to be illegally distributed by the Turkish occupation forces to persons other than their legal owners, including to Turkish mainland settlers.

67. The Committee in its decision 1 (XXVII) expressed "alarm by the fact that changes in the demographic composition of the population on the part of the territory which is not under the control of the Government of Cyprus, which exclude a considerable part of the population from the enjoyment of their legitimate rights, have been brought about and are continuing".

68. The systematic colonization by Turkey of the occupied area through the massive importation of settlers from mainland Turkey and their settlement into the homes of the displaced Greek Cypriots continues, constituting yet another proof of the Turkish objectives, i.e. to turn the occupied area into a wholly Turkish-populated area.

69. It is estimated that the Turkish mainland settlers now well exceed 80,000, while over 50,000 Turkish Cypriots have emigrated abroad because of increasing unemployment and violations of their basic human rights. The above figures show that settlers, together with the 40,000 Turkish occupation troops, outnumber the Turkish Cypriots and play a decisive role in the political and economic activity of the occupied areas, while at the same time serving Turkey's objective of changing the demographic composition of the island and distorting the population balance between the two communities.

70. The colonization policy of Turkey recently received the attention of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe when the Assembly examined and adopted the report of the Rapporteur of the Committee on Refugees, Migration and Demography, Mr. Alfonse Cuco, who visited Cyprus in 1991. Mr. Cuco reported extensively on the massive influx of Turkish mainland settlers, a policy which he characterized as an obstacle to the finding of a solution to the Cyprus problem. (Doc. 6589 dated 27 April 1992, Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe). Based on the report, the Parliamentary Assembly condemned the colonization policy of Turkey in Recommendation No. 1187(1992) adopted on 7 October 1992.

71. Despite international condemnation of its colonization policy, the Government of Turkey, which maintains full control of the occupied area through the presence of its armed forces, has continued to pursue this anachronistic policy in Cyprus. Thousands of new settlers have arrived since Mr. Cuco's report, so-called passport requirements between Turkey and the occupied area have been abolished, thus opening the way to more uncontrolled workers and settlers, and a new "citizenship law" was adopted in May 1993. The main characteristics of the new "law" is excessive flexibility on the issue of acquiring so-called citizenship.

72. Furthermore, every "election" in the occupied area was preceded by massive waves of "naturalization" and by the granting of "voting rights" to thousands of new "citizens" who would thus render their support and keep in power the illegal regime. Thus, as reported on 5 August 1993 by the Turkish Cypriot daily Yeniduzen, some 5,000 people were expected to be "naturalized" as a result of the new "citizenship law".

73. It is clear from the above that the Turkish policy of colonization continues unabated and constitutes a serious obstacle to efforts to find a solution to the Cyprus problem.

74. Religious property is a particular target of the Turkish aim to destroy the cultural identity of the occupied area and the ages-old cultural heritage and tradition. Greek Orthodox churches continue to be converted into mosques, vandalized or turned into entertainment centres and recreation halls. Cemeteries are being desecrated and vandalized. Antiquities, mosaics and even frescoes continue to be removed and smuggled to international dealers.

75. On the basis of what is reported above it is quite evident that for almost 20 years the Government of the Republic of Cyprus has been unable to exercise its full responsibility for the fulfilment of its obligations under the Convention throughout its territory. In fact, it is prevented from doing so by the use of force.

76. The United Nations Secretary-General in his latest report to the Security Council (S/26777) made it abundantly clear that "The status quo, which the Security Council has deemed to be unacceptable, was established through the use of force and is sustained by military strength". This unequivocal position of the Secretary-General should be duly noted by the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, which is once again called upon to continue to keep the situation under close examination.

77. In conclusion, it is recalled that the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination in its decision 1 (XXVII) "expressed once again its grave concern and its earnest hope that the General Assembly and other appropriate bodies of the United Nations will take, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, the measures required for the implementation of their relevant resolutions and decisions". It is encouraging that the Security Council in its resolution 889(1993) of 15 December 1993, decided to "undertake a thorough review of the situation and, if necessary, to consider alternative ways to promote the implementation of its resolutions on Cyprus".

http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/(Symbol)/CERD.C.263.Add.1.En?Opendocument#top">

http://www.unhchr.ch/">

http://www.unhchr.ch/html/intlinst.htm">

http://www.unhchr.ch/html/otherdoc.htm">

http://www.unhchr.ch/index.htm">

http://www.unhchr.ch/search.htm#fulltext">

Seko....my main "man"... u r still a great jester...

So , what u r informing us ???

### On 10 September 1964 the UN Secretary-General reported (UN doc. S/5950):

  "UNFICYP carried out a detailed survey of all damage to properties throughout the island during the disturbances, . . . . . . . . . it shows that in 109 villages, most of them Turkish-Cypriot or mixed villages, 527 houses have been destroyed while 2,000 others have suffered damage from looting. In Ktima 38 houses and shops have been destroyed totally and 122 partially. In the Orphomita suburb of Nicosia, 50 houses have been totally destroyed while a further 240 have been partially destroyed there and in adjacent suburbs."###

But u obviously "forget" very conveniently the following :

UN Resolution No 193 or S/5868 dated 9 August 1964 in which the UN Secretary says..."The Security Counsil has authorized me to make an urgent appeal to the Goverment of Turkey to cease instantly the bombardment and the use of any milirary force of any kind against Cyprus and to the Goverment of Cyprus to order the armed forces under its control to cease firing immediately.."

And it is well known Seko that the Security Counsil appeals FIRST to the aggressor ....

So , U were bombarding Cyprus , there were fighting , and one month later , u cry "wolf" over the destroyed Turkish villages ...

Understandable .... It was always ur intention to bomb other people and demand from then to thank u for the honours that u are doing to them .... u could have even demanded from the Cypriots , to return ur firing and bombs , by throwing at u roses...

At any way....dont try such cheap tricks on me Seko.... too cheap even for u ...

Isk.