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Some Middle Eastern Instruments...

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Don Quixote View Drop Down
Tsar
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  Quote Don Quixote Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Topic: Some Middle Eastern Instruments...
    Posted: 22-Mar-2012 at 23:19
Oud
Middle East Musical Instruments - The Oud

"...The Oud, a central instrument of Arabic music,  is a stringed instrument with an ancient history. It probably originated over 3,500 year ago in   Persia, where it was called a Barbat (oud). A similar instrument is shown in Egyptian paintings and was used in the times of the Pharaohs. The Arabic name, Al Oud,  means wood and specifically thin wood. The strings were originally made of gut, and are now often made of plastic. The moors or the Crusaders carried the Oud to Spain, where it entered Europe as the lute ("al-ud") and was ultimately transformed  into the 6 stringed fretted guitar..."

...
The earliest Arab Oud musician was possibly Eben Sareeg. In the past, Arab composers wrote exclusively for Oud. It is a solo instrument used also for Taqasim (improvisations) accompanied by song. The Oud sound box is pear shaped, and it has a relatively short handle and no frets. The precise shape and dimensions differ throughout the Arab world, as do the number of strings - up to six and even seven. .

Since the 9th century the musical tradition of the Mediterranean Sea was based in great part on the Oud.The heart of Oud music are the Makams. Makams are also playable on other instruments, but for Arab music, Makams are executed on the Oud. Makams are roughly equivalent to Indian Ragas or to Western "keys," but they are more complex than "keys" and unlike Ragas, they do not have any allegorical significance. The Makam  (Turkish makam, plural makamlar; Arabic maqam, plural maqamat) are scales or 'composition rules'.   The makam names designate an important note in the scale (i.e. Turkish Cargah, Arabic Chahargah: fourth position), or a city (i.e. Esfahan, it is sometimes spelled as Isfahan), a landscape (i.e. Turkish Hicaz, Arabic Hijazi), a person (i.e. Kurdi) or a poetic abstraction (i.e. Suzidil: heart glimmer)..." http://www.mideastweb.org/culture/oud.htm




Edited by Don Quixote - 22-Mar-2012 at 23:23
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Tsar
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  Quote Don Quixote Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 24-Mar-2012 at 22:10
Darbuka - in Bulgaria called "tarambuka' I have one, goat skin on ceramic body / if the mice didn't eat it during the last 7 years it's stored in the fabled yellow truck/
Darbouka Drum - Middle East Musical Instruments

 "...The darbouka (darbuka) or doumbek or  tablah is an hour-glass-shaped drum popular throughout the Middle east. The body has approximately an hour-glass shape and the skin is stretched tight with rope or leather thongs or even nails. The body may be made of copper, ceramic, pottery or wood. It is used a great deal in belly dancing music...." http://www.mideastweb.org/culture/darbouka.htm






Edited by Don Quixote - 24-Mar-2012 at 22:15
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  Quote Don Quixote Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 25-Mar-2012 at 19:47
"Nay":


"...
The nay ( nai, nye, ney) is a simple, long, end-blown flute that is the main wind instrument of  Middle Eastern music and the only wind instrument in classical Arabic music. It is very ancient instrument. The nay is literally as old as the pyramids. Ney players are seen in wall paintings in the Egyptian pyramids and neys have been found in the excavations at Ur in Iraq. Thus,  the ney has been played continuously for 4,500-5,000 years. It is one of the oldest musical instruments still in use...."

The nay is made of a piece of hollow cane or reed (nay is an old Persian word for reed) with five or six finger holes. Modern nays may be made of metal. Pitch differs, depending on the region and the finger arrangement. A highly skilled ney player can reach as many as three octaves, though it is more common to have several ney players in a traditional orchestra to cover different ranges.

In the Arab world, the nay is sometimes called qassaba, which also means piece of reed.  The nay is a favorite instrument of the
Sufi.

Nays are keyed instruments. In the Arabic system, there are 7 nays. The Kerdene is called a "C" instrument. That means that the second lowest note is a C (the first being a Bb). The second is the Doga in D. The third is the Boussalik in E. The fourth is the Jaharka for F. The fifth is the Nawa for G; the sixth is Husseini for A, and the seventh is the Ajam for B.

Arabic and Turkish nays has 7 holes, one of which is on the back and usually closed with the thumb. Each hole has practically a whole tone interval capacity so that for example, if you play a D you can easily go to D sharp with the only movement of your lips and amount of air you blow, and you may even play an E  if you move the instrument and blow more strongly. The thumb hole usually allows playing  4 notes . For the Doga (D) nay these notes would be A, Bb, B3/4, and B....

Arabic and  Turkish nays are played the same way,  putting the mouth to one end of the flute and blowing in a somewhat oblique direction to the tube. The air bounces off one inner side of the flute and produces the sound, somewhat like blowing over a bottle The Iranian nay uses  the Turkoman inter-dental blowing system, adopted in the late 1700s. The modern Iranian nay differs from the Arab and Turkish Nay. It has five or six fingerholes, instead of seven, a different mouthpiece and a lower placement of  thumbhole.  The musician uses the inter-dental method- he or she puts the mouthpiece of the ney between the teeth and the upper jaw and directs the air with the tongue,  producing a different sound from the Arabic-Turkish instrument. . This method can also be used with Arabic-Turkish) nays...."

http://www.mideastweb.org/culture/ney.htm





Edited by Don Quixote - 25-Mar-2012 at 19:48
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Sala_Muzik View Drop Down
Immortal Guard
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  Quote Sala_Muzik Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 14-May-2018 at 07:44
Hello,

you can check our website http://salamuzik.com . For all Persian , Turkish and Arabic musical instruments

Sala Muzik is the biggest website for Ethnic musical instruments

Best regards,

Veysel
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