The 3rd battle site where the 6th battle of Arthur was fought is Bassas which we found to match Regulbium/Reculver the 3rd/4th Saxon Shore site of the ND. Here is what the one known source says about the battle and/or site:
Sextum bellum super flumen (,) quod vocatur Bassas.
in seiseadh cath fhor bru Bassa;
The 6th battle (was) / , by/on the brink of the / the river (that/which is named/called) Bassas/Lussas [meaning "shallow" or "people/person name Basse's"?] ./; (- HB; Irish HB. Omitted in LF.)
List of Bassas identification details from the source text(s): i - number/order "3rd/6th" in a set of "9/12" sites with 8 others (HB) ii - is near previous & next sites (HB) iii - in a triad of rivers (HB, O'Toole, infopedia) iv - river/brink Bassas name/meaning ("shallow" or "person Bassa") (HB) v - fought "on/by/above / east of" (HB, O'Toole/Infopedia) vi - a battle there (strategic, defensive fortification/works) (HB) (British victory or set back (HB, Historum poster)) vii - "Arthur/Britons" fought there then (HB) viii - fought against Saxons "from Germany & every province" (HB, LF) ix - date during/after Octa & "before/until Ida" "c 547" (HB) x - written in the HB of Nennius which also has the Wonders (HB, LF) xi - is "history" (HB) xii - in "(island of) Britain" (HB, HRB). xiii - omitted in the LF. xiv - some drowned there (HRB, Arthurnet poster)? xv - true site masked (Henry of Huntingdon). xvi - a church there (Shropshire tradition, Jackson).
Number/order match:
Bassas is the 6th battle of Arthur in the HB. Regulbium is the 6th SS fort in the ND.
Bassas is the 3rd of 9 battle sites of Arthur. Counting in geographical order around the coast, Reculver is the 4th of 9 SS forts in the ND, but the 3rd excluding the 1st fort Branodunum which doesn't match an HB battle site. The minor cross-switch match of 3rd & 4th sites between the ND/SS & HB is only due to that the HB is in chronological order, while the SS sites are in geograpical order going around the coast. It can be seen that there is not much difference whether Arthur went from the 2nd site Othona/Bradwell/Dubglas to Reculver/Bassas first or Aylesford/Caledon first. We also find the cross-switch match confirmed in other sources like the Pa Gur.
Bassas 3rd of 9 (HB). Regulbium/Reculver 4th/3rd of 9 (ND/SS). Afarnach's Hall 4th/"3rd" of 9 (PG). Bassianus/Severus 3rd of 9 emperors (HB) Aeron 3rd of Gwallawg's battles (Taliesin)? Arthgal of Cargueit 4th of 11 Consuls (HRB)? Pabo 4th of 12 men of the North (Hen Ogledd)?
Bassas/Afarnach is near Dubglas/Linnuis & Caledon/Celli & Guinnion/Eidyn &/or Legionis/Dissethach in the HB & PG. Reculver is not far from Othona/Bradwell (Dubglas) & Medway (Caledon) & Dover (Guinnion) & Richborough (Legionis).
Legionis/Richborough & Bassas/Reculver are close in a number of sources: Campus Aelecti & Bassalig? Legionis & Bassas Richiden/Ridoc/Rico/"Oxford" & Boso? Rutupi/Richborough & Reculver Richerius & Borellus? Rheidiol & Paith? Julius of Legions & Aaron? Dissethach & Afarnach.
The 1st three battles sites of Arthur are all on rivers. This matches the first 3 ND SS forts are all at navigible rivers (Brancaster, Gariannonum/Burgh, & Othona/Bradwell). Excluding 1st fort Brancaster which doesnt match an HB battlesite, the first 3 ND SS sites which match the first 3 HB battlesites were all at mouths of rivers (Gariannonum/Burgh, Othona/Bradwell, Regulbium/Reculver). Jacqueta Hawkes says Reculver was more like Brancaster than the other Kentish forts.
Due to the cross switch match of 3rd & 4th sites between sources lists Bassas/Afarnach could alternatively be in the middle triad of settlements. Reculver is in Kent which county well matches the 3 settlements. Bassas/Reculver may be one of the 3 reknowned cities of a later Arthurian source?
Bassas meaning match:
The name Bassas/Bassus/Bassa/*Bassass- or Lassus/*Lussas (plural in the Latin, singular in the Irish) has been variously proposed by scholars to be from either: bas "shallow", bais "ford"? bass "mound in the estuary or bed of a river''? basse "low"? katabasis "to go down, a ritualised symbolic descent (in)to the underworld/hell, descent from the interior to the coast possibly following the course of a river, the opposite of anabasis"? bass/bathais "forehead" or "basket"? basincge "goat skins"? the European sea-bass fish? "personal name, Bass's, (of) Bassa('s people), Bassingas", Boso/Bosso? Bassianus? ambassadors? Sassenaggabail "slaughter of Saxons"? the same -as ending in Dubglas & Bassas.
1. The Wantsum(-Stour) river nearby Reculver is a good candidate match for the "shallow" meaning of Bassas. In Roman times Thanet was an island separated by a small strait where the modern Wantsum-Stour is. The 'swelling ford/shallows' in the Wonders of Britain might also match Bassas "shallow" and the Wantsum-Stour. Compare other similar place-names like Basford, Bassenthwaite, Bassingbourne, Baslow? 2. The possible Bass/bathais "forehead" meaning of Bassas could link with that the name Reculver/Regulbium is said to mean "at the promontory or great headland" and the SS fort "entrance faced north" and was "on north side, facing the eponymous promontory".
Bassas name match: 1. The cohors i Baetasiorum was at Regulbium SS fort in the ND. Its name is said to originate from the Baetasii tribe. Perhaps compare that one of the suggestions for the linguistics of Bassas was *basto- or bastast/bastass? We think/feel that it seems that the name of the Wantsum(-Stour) river nearby Reculver may be from the name Baetasiorum, and that the name Bassas might match the name Wantsum. (Baetasiorum is also possibly similar to Praesutagus?) 2. There is a prominent inscription at Reculver from Roman times which majorly features the name/word "Basilica". (There was a basilica in Reculver which is one of "two of its principal buildings".) 3. 'Bass/Bassa/Basse the (mass-)priest' was at Reculver in 669 in the ASC. This is indisputably cognate with the proposed "personal name Bassa" meaning of Bassas favoured by some.
If some of Arthur's 12 battles or 9 battle sites possibly match with Vortimer's 4 battles sites then Bassas seemingly might match Ep(i)sford or Saessenaeg habail, and this could be in the Wantsum-Stour area rather than at Kit's Coty / Aylesford as usually believed. The person name Ebissa/Eosa/Eopa/Ossa in the HRB is similar to Ep(i)sford and Bassas, and they were in the same area. (There might also/alternatively be a connection of Bassas with Pascent?) One of the only few possible matches for Bassas in the ASC is Wipped(esfleot) 465, and this was possibly in the Wantsum-Stour and/or Ebbsfleet area. Ethelwerd compared Wippedsfleet to the Thesean sea & Aegean sea, which seemingly might support our impression that Bassas/Wippedesfleet/Ebissa/Episford was the Wantsum-Stour river-strait.
(Bassas being plural might possibly imply a match with more than one of the above meanigs and/or names?)
Jackson on one hand suggested that the name is British/Welsh, but on other hand he seems to suggest that the name might be "Saxon"? If the name was Saxon then this could also agree with our placement in the Saxon Shore and more Saxon south-east quarter/half of England/Britain?
Boso of Richiden/Ridoc/Rico/"Oxford" in the HRB, and/or 'Caer Bosso' "Bosso's city" / 'Caer Vembyr' "Membyr's city" / Rhydycheu/"Oxford" "on the banks of the Thames" in the '24 kings & 33 cities' manuscript seems to match Bassas/Reculver &/or Rutupi/Richborough? The word rhyd/rith = "ford". (Rutupiae may mean either "red top" or "muddy waters/estuary" from rutu/rutila(e) "red, salt, rust, mud" + -piae or "top", or Rico/Ridoc/Richiden/Rhydycheu/Rhydygroes "ox ford" from ritus/rith/rhwd/rhyd "ford", or Ruithin/Ruym "river island, Thanet", or rhos/ros/ross "mountain, (a) promonitory, headland, (a) moor(land)" or "(a) wood"?) "Ox-ford" certainly could well match the ancient/medieval Wantsum-Stour. (Compare the classical Bosphorus "ox ford"?) An alleged interpolation in Asser mentions that tradition asserted that Germanus and Gildas and Nennius and Kentigern and Melkinus were at "Oxford". The name Vembyr/Membyr/Mynyr might link with Minnis Bay nearby Reculver? [Not sure if Boso could also connect with the Boroware of medieval Kent?]
The "2 streams Rheidiol and Paith" in the Saints Lives might be analogous with our two neighbour sites Rutupi/Richborough (City of the Legion) on the Stour river, and Bassas (Regulbium/Reculver) on the Wantsum river. Paith is vaguely similar to Bassas and/or bass/bathais "forehead", and/or to the "head of Paiach" in the Pa Gur, which recalls the "headland" meaning of Reculver's name.
Bassalig (Campus Aelecti) not far from Caerleon in Monmouthshire may also analogously/traditionally confirm that Bassas (Reculver) was near to the city of the legion (Richborough/Rutupi) which also seems to be the original Maesbeli & Campus Heli (metropolis of Padarn) & Campus Electi. (The city of the legion was founded by Beli/Heli/Eli. In the HRB Allectus came from "Rome" with 3 legions, and was later at "London" or "Eboracum". The city of the legion was called "2nd Rome".)
'The Bass' / 'Bass Rock in' Berwickshire / Firth of Forth is in an analogous position to Reculver in Kent. (There is also a Black Rock near Reculver.)
Eglwysseu Bassa "churches of Bassa" &/or (the church of) Baschurch seemingly may link with both Bassas, and with Bass the priest and/or the basilica or monastery-church at Reculver.
"Bensington" of the 571 entry of the ASC possibly matches or else may be analogous to our Bassas and Reculver. Three or more of the five sites of this ASC entry seem similar to names of Arthur's battle sites (Bensington, Ignesham/Egonesham, Liganburh), and the 3 sites in each of the 3 sources (the HB, ND/SS, & ASC) are closely associated with each other, and so this suggests that the sites might be in Kent rather than in "Bedford/Buckingham" as formerly supposed..
Fought "on/by/above/east of" match:
Various versions/translations say that the battle of Bassas was fought "on/by/above" or "(to the) east of" "the brink of the" or "the river" Bassas. One source also has "(to the) east of" as "in the East". These variant details may match our Reculver site.
"On the river" may match Reculver "which lies on the (northern) mouth of the river Genlada/Yenlet (Wantsum)".
"Above the river" may match the fort being directly at the northern/top end/entrance of Wantsum-Stour. Maybe compare the name Regulbium's/Reculver's meaning "at the promontory/great headland", &/or the description of the fort's situation as "entrance faced north" / "on north side, facing the eponymous promontory"?
For the “east of”: I'm not sure if the fort is on west/east of the river but i assume that it is not on the Thanet side? It might match "an inlet north-west of Reculver" (though the "harbour probably on/near to the fort's southern or eastern side"), or Westbere & Westgate-on-sea, & west towers, or "roads to the south-west", or Birchington on east of Reculver?
In the East matches that Reculver is in "the east coast", &/or in the (South-)East of England.
Evidences of the battle fought there then match:
Strategic evidence: "[those who control the South-East have the main power/hold in Britain]"? Canterbury is at the intersection of roads linking 3/4/5 of our battle sites. The Saxon Shore is strategic.
Strategic & historical records or archaeological evidence: "British strategy seems to have been to allow Saxon landings and to then contain them, there."
Archaeological evidence: The fort, and possible physical traces of battle/s there. (Not much remains standing of the fort except for the twin sisters towers.) "Numerous Saxon cemetaries found at Sarre, Ash, Kingston"? There is evidence that some of the SS forts were still/again in re/use in Arthurian times.
Records or traditions evidence: The 12 battles / 9 battle sites of the HB & PG definitely match the 9 Saxon Shore sites (in names/meanings, natures/geographies/details and numbers/order), with the 3rd/4th battle site of Bassas/Afarnach certainly matching Reculver/Regulbium. Collingwood said Nennius' words implied that "Arthur was fighting Saxons & specifically Kentishmen". The name of the Churches of St Martin at Canterbury & Dover? (Mintz's paper suggested a connection of Arthur/Merlin with the war god Ares/Mars & St Martin. Canterbury is at intersection of roads leading to 3/4/5 of our battle sites including Reculver/Bassas.) In the records the Saxons/battles "were largely limited to the coast". "488-547 only landings of Saxons on the coast". "510-555 emigration of Angles & Frisians to the Continent" (Procopius/Evans). Candidate matches for the battle of Bassas/Afarnach/Reculver include Epsford/Sassenaghalabil, Wippedesfleot 465, Cerdicesford/Avene 519 ("no winner") in the "no gains gap" of "519-552", Bensington 571.
Alternatively it is possible that "Nennius" just stole/copied the 9 sites but made the actual battles up.
Arthur/Britons there then: The Britons/Welsh/Celts were not limited to Cornwall & Wales & the North until after the battles of Dyrham & "Chester" in old orthodox opinions. There are remnant Arthurian traditions in Brittany, Cornwall, Wales and the North, which points to England as the common origin. Gildas says "neither to this day are our cities inhabited .. . forsaken & overthrown". "Wurdesten speaks of the Britons leaving their ancestral land when the Saxons occupied it" Arthur is said to have fought "Saxons" "from Germany and every province", and "specifically Kentishmen", and so he must have been near where these people were then. The 9 battle sites of Arthur certainly match the Saxon Shore sites. Traditional Arthurian stories/histories mention south/southeast/east places including: Loegria, London, Chislehurst, Rutupi/Richborough (where "Gawain" died), Dover, Winchelsea, North Sea, Gaul/France. "Raculf/Riculf" &/or Rico/Ridoc/Richiden/Rhydycheu in the HRB might match Reculver &/or Richborough/Rutupi? Chislehurst caves have traditional connections with Vortigern & Merlin. Arthur is implied to have had access to coastal/shore ports sites, eg "the Porter", "Mon(a)", "Dover", "Rutupi", "Hamo's Port", ship Pry(d)wen, "ships", "Thanet", Avalon, crossing to Gaul/France, drove enemy out of the land. Among the major candidates for who Arthur may have been are Vortimer and Ethelbert. There was a major gap or salient of Britons in the Essex & London area (refs Wheeler, Deniker, etc). The Weald may have been a refuge for Britons or barrier to Saxons. Some recent scholars like Ken Dark are disupting the belief that the south-east was all only Anglo-Saxon, and other recent sources admit that the true exact Saxons/Britons situation there and then is far from clear. Kent & Canterbury are Celtic names. Canterbury had little or no Saxon cemetaries. The British St Martin's church Canterbury. The Medway river marked the boundary of Kentishmen & men of Kent. On the SS forts "There has been no consensus amongst those who write about the transition from the Romans to the Anglo-Saxons." "it is insisted that they [Saxons] avoided the Roman towns & forts"? "488-547 only landings of Saxons on the coast". Some suggest 2 groups of settlers in Kent: 1st Anglo-Saxon, 2nd Franks "who broke the dynasty of Kentish kings ... of which we hear no more after 512".
Saxons match: Arthur is clearly said to have fought 12 battles against the Saxons "from Germany and every province", and "specifically Kentishmen", therefore he must have been near where Saxons and Kentishmen were. The threat/trouble was in the east not the west.. "Saxon(s)" can mean either Anglo Saxon(s) (Angles, Saxons, Jutes/Kentish from every province), or (West/South/East/Middle) Saxons (Wessex/Sussex/Essex/Middlesex). (Ethelwerd is reckoned to confound Saxons & Angles.) At the estimated time of Arthur's battles the (Anglo-)Saxons were mainly only in the south-east quarter of England/Britain on the east side of a line drawn from the Wash to the Solent or "Humber to Dorset", and along the 'Saxon Shore'. Some think that Cerdicshore (1) was at Great Yarmouth (rather than at Portsmouth/Portland), which would have West Saxons ranging from Norfolk to Hampshire. Geoff of Monmouth's HRB has Saxons going around from "Lincoln" to "Totness"/"Severn"/"south". "488-547 only landings of Saxons on the coast". "Numerous Saxon cemetaries found at Sarre, Ash, Kingston". Some Arthurian sources say that Arthur drove the Saxons out of the island/land, which also implies at least one coastal/shore site. The HRB has Arthur fighting Cerdic & "Colgrin". Hengist had an advisor called Ceretic. Cerdic of Wessex was in the south of England.
Date match: The HB says the 12 battles of Arthur were during/after Hengist/Octa and before/until Ida ("547"). Arthur fought "Saxons" and "specifically Kentishmen". In the HRB he is implied to have fought Cerdic & "Colgrin". Possible matches for Bassas/Reculver in early sources include: Wippedsfleot 465. "488-547 only landings of Saxons on the coast". Gap between the 1st & 2nd Bretwaldas (Aelle of Sussex & Ceawlin of Wessex) c 491 - c 560? Cerdicesford/Avene 519 No gains gap 519 - 552? Bensington 571.
Nennius match: How much evidence is there that "Nennius" or the writer of the HB or his source knew the Kent area? The authorship and date of the HB is uncertainly disputed. Claimed authors have included Gildas, Nennius, and/or Mark the Anchorite. Orthodox sources claim that "Nennius" lived in the West/Wales, but i haven't seen any serious proof of this. In alleged interpolation in Asser mentions that Gildas and Nennius were reputed to have been at "Oxford". In Arthurian/Welsh traditions Boso of Ridoc/Rico/Richiden/Rhydycheu/"Oxford" might really be Reculver/Bassas and/or Rutupi/Richborough by the Wantsum-Stour. Collingwood said Nennius' words imply Arthur was fighting specifically Kentishmen. The 9 battle sites of Arthur in the HB of "Nennius" definitely match the 9 Saxon Shore sites. Some of the Wonders of Britain (which are also in the HB of "Nennius) also match the same 9 sites. Those of the Wonders which seemingly do or may match Reculver (Bassas) are: - The Appled Ash might match Avalon which may match Afaranch's hall which matches Bassas & Reculver. - The Wind Hole/Cave might match Margate caves or Chislehurst caves or the caves of Birchington. - The Levitating Altar seems to match the Reculver Cross. - The Limpets of Ceoil may be the oysters at Richborough or Reculver? - The Screams of Glen Ailbe? - The Sealess Shore may match the cliffs at either Dover or near Reculver. - The Swelling Ford/Shallows may match Bassas "shallow" and the Wantsum-Stour, or else the Medway. Nennius said he used alot of sources which are similar to the ND. The ND has date 395/400s/420/420s/428, and the ND was at Speyer until 15th C/1542/16th C/before 1672. So it is possible that Nennius could have seen/known it.
Hitherto previous Bassas location candidates/theories: Campus Elleti (Bassalig) Oswestry (Bullen) Basingwerk/Dinas Bassa (river Dee mouth, Flints); Baxenden, Lancs (Anscombe) Bassenthwaite, Cumbria (Anscombe, Keegan) Bassburn/Backburn (Dumfries); Lussas (4 miles south of Dunadd) Dunipace/Bonny Scotland (Skene, McHardy, Howells) Carpow/Abernethy/Perth (Ardrey) Pictish Palace (LF) (Ardrey) Bassianus/Severus (Ardrey, us) Abassas/Abissum/Dubabissum 'The Bass' / 'Bass Rock in' Berwickshire / Firth of Forth (OEC, Wiki) Bass (Berwick/Aberdeen, bathais "forehead", or "basket"); Bass Hill (Dryburgh); Baslow (Derwent/Derby, Mintz?) Bishop Bosa of Deira 678 Bassington on the river Aln in Northumberland (Hunt) Bassingham/Basingeham/Basingham (Cramlington/Aln, Northumberland); Basford Bassetlaw (Notts); Bassingfield/Basingfelt/Basingefeld/Bassingfeld (Notts); Basingthorpe/Bassingthorpe Hill (Ermine Str, Lincs); Bassingham at the middle of the river Witham (Brynjulfson) Bassington on the Witham in Lincoln (Wiki) Foss dyke Boston Bassa of Mercia Bensington 571 Wash Old Basing/Bassingb(o)urn(e) (Cambs, Hunt) Basildon Battersea? Sassenaggabail Regulbium/Reculver/Baetasiorum/Wanstum Ebbsfleet Pascent Cissa? "Bosanhamm, Sussex" 681 (EH of Bede) "A possible south country site" (Collingwood) Charford/Avene 519 Lusas in Hampshire (some think, OEC) Basingstoke/Old Basing/Lodden (Hunt) Basing Ditches? Basing (871); Bagsac/Assandune? Abissum Cerne Abbas (Dorset)? 'Eglwysseu Bassa' / Baschurch, Shropshire (Jackson, Dav White) Bascote (Warwicks); Bassaleg/Maesaleg not far from Caerleon (Monmouth); (St) Bassus; sea Bass in North Sea Bessin Bastarnae Julius Bassus at/near Augusta Trier Basques/"Saracens" Baetis/Baetica Basle 1345 Baiae's gentile strand (Baise/Baian)? Caius Artorius Bassus (Tunisia). Katabasis Bosphorus. Barabbas? Nothing to offer / Did not speculate / Unidentified / Puzzle / Nor has anyone else adequately identified / Conjectural or unknown / Very problematic (Faral, Lot, Johnstone, Collingwood, Crawford, Brynjulfson, Jackson, Hunt, Dav White).
Bassas/Reculver under various names (or analogous copies) in different sources: Margan 7th or Pennichen 4th/3rd of 10 sons Glywys (Sts Lives) Menfre/Minver 3rd or Merewenne/Marham church 6th or Morewenna/Morwenstow 10th of 15 children of Brychan? Raculf/Riculf (HRB)? Regnii 5th or Cantii 6th of 17 tribes/provinces? Raglan 8th/5th of 12 Monasteries list Regulbium/Reculver/Baetasiorum/Wanstum 3rd/4th/6th of 9 (ND/SS) Bassas 3rd/6th of 9/12 (HB) Bosso of Ridoc/Rico/Richiden/Rhydycheu/"Oxford" 11th (HRB) Caer Bosso/Vembyr/Membyr/Mynyr "on banks of the Thames" Bensington 571 (ASC) Bassianus/Severus 3rd of 9 emperors (Ardrey, us) The mouth of the river Barba (HRB bk 10 ch 2). Banna Venta Berniae / Bannavem Taburniae (St Patrick) Beneventian monastery (Sts Lives)? Campus Elleti (Bassalig) Pascent (HRB) "2 streams Rheidiol and Paith" (Saints Lives) Pexar/Persia or Easal/Asal of 8 labours of Turein? Ebissa (HRB)? Sassenaggabail/Ep(i)sford or Thanet (HB/HRB) Wipped(sfleot) 465 (ASC)? drowned (HRB)? Gildas & Nennius at "Oxford" (Asser)? Wedale (HB VR)? Avalon "in the North Sea" in Irish? Afallach of children of Brychan? Alauna? Cerdicesford/Avene 519 (ASC)? Paiach/Afarnach's hall 4th of 9 (PG). Aeron 3rd &/or Gafrain/Brecheinawc of Gwallawg's battles (Taliesin)? St Aaron of Legions (DEB, HRB)? Arvon's shore (Grey's Bard poem)? Merlin Avellenaw? Appled Ash (Wonders)? Arthgal of Cargueit 4th of 11 Consuls (HRB) "Bangor" "just down road"? Pabo 4th of 12 men of the North (Hen Ogledd)? Valley of Suesia (HRB)? maritime 1st of 3 churches of Padern (Vita Patern) one of 3 several battles (HRB) one of the 3 renowned cities? Vortigern/Merlin linked with Chislehurst caves. Wind Cave (Wonders)? Levitating Altar (Wonders)? limpets of ceoil may be oysters at Richborough or Reculver (Irish HB)? screams of Glen Ailbe (Irish Wonders)? Swelling ford/shallows (Wonders)? Brebic's stone (in a) cataract? undersea birds? walking stone? Rumaun or Abloyc of 9/12 sons of Cunedda (Harleian)? Bors or Maris or Percy/Vale of 24 kts of RT (Winchester RT)?
Places at/near Reculver include: Wantsum/Genlada, Margate, Chislehurst, St Mary's, basilica, Thanet, Birchington, Black Rock, Bere, Boroware, twin sisters/towers, Reculver Cross.
The name Regulbium/Reculver or Margate or Minnis or Birchington or Thanet is maybe found in Arthurian as either: Raculf/Riculf; Rico/Ridoc/Richiden; Raglan; Margan, Maris, Menfre/Minver, Mynyr/Membyr, Brecheinawc, Thanet.
The basilica or monastry church at Reculver may match: Baschurch; Afarnach's Hall; Beneventian monastery; "Bangor"; 1st maritime church of Padarn; Wedale; Bassaleg.
St Mary at Reculver or St Mary at Dover: Wedale; Alauna.
Church or monastery/convent at Richborough/Legionis: Stephen; Julius/Aaron; Compostela; Melros
The Wantsum-Stour "valley" &/or Dover straits is mentioned under various names in Arthurian including: "Oxford", Epsford, vale of Avalon, Avene/Cerdicesford, valley of Suesia, vallis Brychan, Swelling shallows, Bassas "shallow", Thesean sea, Wippedsfleot/Ebbsfleet, drowned (HRB), Katabasis, Bassingbourne, Basford, Baslow, Bassenthwaite, Percy Vale, Wedale? Avalon?
Avalon is either Reculver/Bassas or Dover/Guinnion and possible variants of the place/name include: Avalon, Afallach, Afarnach, Abernethy, Abloyc, Avene, Aaron, Aeron, Arvon's shore, Avellenaw, Appled Ash, Alauna, Taburniae, Wedale, Gafrain.
The field at the city of the legion is mentioned under various names including: Maes Garmon, Maisuriam, Maesaleg, Maesbeli, Campus Heli, Campus Aelecti, Compostela; Field of Leeks?
Arthur's death/grave/tomb/body has variously been proposed to be at: Camlan, city of Lions/Lyonesse, Hall in isle of Afallach / Avalon in North Sea; Baschurch; Etna/Sicily; Levitating Altar; Glastonbury; Lindisfarne; Craig y Dinas; Richmond Castle; Eildon Hills; Sein; Snowdon; Wedale; "not dead" / "once & future king" / "messianic return"; Sutton Hoo (us previously), Reculver (us, old); Fred the skeleton found in St Martin le Grand (us, newer).
