Notice: This is the official website of the All Empires History Community (Reg. 10 Feb 2002)

  FAQ FAQ  Forum Search   Register Register  Login Login

Turks & Islam

 Post Reply Post Reply
Author
xi_tujue View Drop Down
Arch Duke
Arch Duke
Avatar
Atabeg

Joined: 19-May-2006
Location: Belgium
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 1919
  Quote xi_tujue Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Topic: Turks & Islam
    Posted: 21-May-2008 at 18:49
What would happen if Turks didn't convert to Islam?

Wouldn't they be able to conquer parts of the ME & North Africa? or would they still be able to rule as pagan rulers?

What would happen to Islam if the Turks converted to Christianity. Would the crusades turn out differently? Could Islam survive or stay in it's current form?

What would happend to The ME if they all converted to Judaism like the Khazars.

Could the Turks survive in the ME without Being Muslim?


Thanks in advance XT
I rather be a nomadic barbarian than a sedentary savage
Back to Top
Vorian View Drop Down
Colonel
Colonel
Avatar

Joined: 06-Dec-2007
Location: Greece/Hellas
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 566
  Quote Vorian Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 21-May-2008 at 19:08
They should still be able to conquer all ME with any religion. Maybe not hold it.

However Islam was the perfect religion for any nomad conqueror providing a simple religion that anyone can understand and mtoivated warriors. Hell, it was designed for nomads in the first place.
Back to Top
Efraz View Drop Down
Pretorian
Pretorian
Avatar

Joined: 23-Apr-2008
Location: Istanbul
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 151
  Quote Efraz Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 21-May-2008 at 22:33
Hmmm this can be a long long thread :)

I have to say at least this: Today even Turks debates harshly on this question. Some nationalists still think converting to Islam was a mistake, some think Islam was perfect for Turks. Some say Turks have developed their own way of Islam. Some Turks use the word "Turk" nearly as a synonym to the word "Muslim".

Even there are researches on this: Some still say this is an alien religion for Turks and never truly adopted to it. Some try to prove that Turks' religion was already very close to Islam.

In short: Interesting question. I would like to hear non-Turkish ideas too.

Personally I think without converting to any Abrahamic religion Turks still would not be able stay pagan. They would convert to Buddhism mostly. Their paganic/shamanic religion was too naive for this cruel and complicated world.

If they converted to Christianity I think they would look like, be like and live like the people of Hungary. And maybe... I am just depending on my sense of alternate historical fiction now: If they still conquered Bysantine Empire and converted to Orthodoxy they would be the real heirs of the empire, more than Ottomans.
And I think there would not be any crusades at all.

And for Judaism we have seen it by experience of Khazars nothing of great significance would happen :)

Recently there was a debate in Turkey close to this one. "Were Turks converted to Islam by their own will or by force?" It was such a noise.
Back to Top
Julius Augustus View Drop Down
Earl
Earl
Avatar

Joined: 20-Mar-2008
Location: Tajikistan
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 274
  Quote Julius Augustus Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 22-May-2008 at 09:48
I believe the reason turks adopted Islam was because of logistics, at the time, when they were moving westward, it was the most prevalent religion in the area. I think there were a few converts from the Avars to Zoroastrianism when it was the most prevalent religion at the area. 
Back to Top
xi_tujue View Drop Down
Arch Duke
Arch Duke
Avatar
Atabeg

Joined: 19-May-2006
Location: Belgium
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 1919
  Quote xi_tujue Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 22-May-2008 at 20:31
^What has that to do with logistics?

what about the survival or spread of Islam (Islam was allready spread as it is today but would i stay that way?)
I rather be a nomadic barbarian than a sedentary savage
Back to Top
Julius Augustus View Drop Down
Earl
Earl
Avatar

Joined: 20-Mar-2008
Location: Tajikistan
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 274
  Quote Julius Augustus Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 23-May-2008 at 02:12
Originally posted by xi_tujue

^What has that to do with logistics?

what about the survival or spread of Islam (Islam was allready spread as it is today but would i stay that way?)

I was just saying that it was because of logistics that the turks adopted the religion, same with mongols who were leaders of that region.
Back to Top
xi_tujue View Drop Down
Arch Duke
Arch Duke
Avatar
Atabeg

Joined: 19-May-2006
Location: Belgium
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 1919
  Quote xi_tujue Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 23-May-2008 at 06:48
yet again you fail to explain what transport has to do with Turks adopting Islam?
I rather be a nomadic barbarian than a sedentary savage
Back to Top
Julius Augustus View Drop Down
Earl
Earl
Avatar

Joined: 20-Mar-2008
Location: Tajikistan
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 274
  Quote Julius Augustus Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 23-May-2008 at 07:38
Originally posted by xi_tujue

yet again you fail to explain what transport has to do with Turks adopting Islam?


reread my first post, though it seems you want me to delve even deeper, I am wondering why though, because the statement of location is self explanatory. my explanation for the Turks adopting Islam is because of location and because at that time it was the most prevalent religion in the vicinity hence because of influence to its leaders as the case to the Mongols of previous years such Ilkhanate in their latter years, the turks to control the area and to appease their subjects, this goes for the seljuk turks who at the time had ruled a majority of Muslims. everything in this world has something to do with logistics.


Back to Top
Mortaza View Drop Down
Tsar
Tsar
Avatar

Joined: 21-Jul-2005
Location: Turkey
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 3711
  Quote Mortaza Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 23-May-2008 at 09:32

Most probably, They would asimilated at anatolia, If They did not convert islam and I do not think, They would have capacity to take all middle east.

Back to Top
Efraz View Drop Down
Pretorian
Pretorian
Avatar

Joined: 23-Apr-2008
Location: Istanbul
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 151
  Quote Efraz Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 15-Jul-2008 at 08:12
Originally posted by Mortaza

Most probably, They would asimilated at anatolia, If They did not convert islam and I do not think, They would have capacity to take all middle east.

 
So you claim that Turks in Anatolia aren't assimilated by converting to Islam rather than Christianity?
 
I think apart from the language we Turks are nearly fully assimilated by various cultures. And language is not that pure either. But language is the purest thing about Turks. We can still read "Dede Korkut" and "Yunus Emre" at least. But I have to say this is only semantics anymore. Turkey's cultural ties to these texts are severed.
 
Some say this is inevitable for nomadic cultures. But I don't think Islam was kinder to Turkish culture than a possible Christian convertion would have been. Abrahamic religions all regard nomadic cultures as paganic or at least heretic. We can see this very clearly in many Arabic historians'  or travelers' view on Turks. Ibn Fadlan is only one example.
 
Some people tend to call this process "cultural merging" rather than assimilation. I respect them too. To a certain degree and for specific groups I even agree. But there is obviously a cultural turn in Anatolia about Turks. We can not over look that.


Edited by Efraz - 15-Jul-2008 at 08:13
Back to Top
Bulldog View Drop Down
Caliph
Caliph
Avatar

Joined: 17-May-2006
Location: United Kingdom
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 2800
  Quote Bulldog Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 16-Jul-2008 at 01:37
Efraz
I think apart from the language we Turks are nearly fully assimilated by various cultures. And language is not that pure either. But language is the purest thing about Turks. We can still read "Dede Korkut" and "Yunus Emre" at least. But I have to say this is only semantics anymore. Turkey's cultural ties to these texts are severed.?
 
The Turks bought their identity, language and religion with them from Central Asia, settled and assimilated their newly conquered land so effectively that within two centuries European sources coined the name "Turchia" "land of the Turks" for Anatolia.
 
Culture is a flowing process, it develops with time, the Turks were not assimilated in contrast they assimilated customs they liked from the people came in contact with. Thus there core culture remained, ie literature, legends, music, cuisine, traditions and in addition to these new customs were added which were borrowed, then ofcourse there were new creations which were independant of both.
 
That is why in addition to Dede Korkut and Yunus Emre there is Koroglu, Karacaoglan, Nasreddin Hoca, there is the Turku music culture with the Ashigs/Ozans, foods like boreks, manti, dolmas, traditions like tree worship, ancestor worship, al basti.
And why there are aspects of the culture assimilated from other cultures like seafood names in Turkish are mainly of Greek origin etc etc
 
Efraz
Some say this is inevitable for nomadic cultures. But I don't think Islam was kinder to Turkish culture than a possible Christian convertion would have been. Abrahamic religions all regard nomadic cultures as paganic or at least heretic. We can see this very clearly in many Arabic historians'  or travelers' view on Turks. Ibn Fadlan is only one example.
 
Turkish states often faced a dilema. They were founded by nomadic or semi-nomadic clans, the surrounding nomadic/semi-nomadic clans were always involved in statebuilding process, their armies were from these clans so they needed them. However, they were also the biggest potential danger, the clans often were unruly and demanded autonomy and power. The Seljuks dealt with this problem by moving the most uncontrollable clans to the Byzantine border were they could raid their terretories. However, there usually came a period where the state would try to settle some Turk clans which often resorted in rebellions. Amir Timur relocated and settled important tribes into cities and later the Ottomans tried to do the same.
 
The transition of nomadic life to sedentary in the Ottoman Empire is a major part of Ottoman history which is badly neglected, there were huge rebellions and social unrest.


Edited by Bulldog - 16-Jul-2008 at 01:49
      What we do for ourselves dies with us. What we do for others and the world remains and is immortal.
Albert Pine

Back to Top
eaglecap View Drop Down
Tsar
Tsar
Avatar
Retired AE Moderator

Joined: 15-Feb-2005
Location: ArizonaUSA
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 3959
  Quote eaglecap Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 16-Jul-2008 at 20:48
Originally posted by Efraz

Hmmm this can be a long long thread :)I have to say at least this: Today even Turks debates harshly on this question. Some nationalists still think converting to Islam was a mistake, some think Islam was perfect for Turks. Some say Turks have developed their own way of Islam. Some Turks use the word "Turk" nearly as a synonym to the word "Muslim".
Even there are researches on this: Some still say this is an alien religion for Turks and never truly adopted to it. Some try to prove that Turks' religion was already very close to Islam.In short: Interesting question. I would like to hear non-Turkish ideas too.Personally I think without converting to any Abrahamic religion Turks still would not be able stay pagan. They would convert to Buddhism mostly. Their paganic/shamanic religion was too naive for this cruel and complicated world.If they converted to Christianity I think they would look like, be like and live like the people of Hungary. And maybe... I am just depending on my sense of alternate historical fiction now: If they still conquered Bysantine Empire and converted to Orthodoxy they would be the real heirs of the empire, more than Ottomans. And I think there would not be any crusades at all.And for Judaism we have seen it by experience of Khazars nothing of great significance would happen :)Recently there was a debate in Turkey close to this one. "Were Turks converted to Islam by their own will or by force?" It was such a noise.


Since my late Papoo was Greek and from Istanbul/Constantinople this is an important question to me and it is an interesting question. But, if they had converted to Orthodoxy they might have been assimilated into the Byzantine Empire and become Hellenized like the Cumans, Slavs and other races. I wonder without 1453 if there would have been a 1492? All the new world countries today would not exist. I was recently reading that the Byzantine rulers were hoping the Turks would convert to Orthodoxy and become assimilated. If the Empire had been much stronger they would have not asked (Emp Alexios) for 4-5,000 Frankish and Norman knights. I really do not think there would have been a first crusade and the Byzantines, with thier newly converted Turkic allies, would have taken back former Byzantine lands. From all I have read the Turks, on the most part, accepted Islam willingly but I am sure there were exception. I have read about one tribe that was forced into it but I do not have that source.
I thought Buddhism is pagan?????? I am not sure what religious alternatives they would have embraced if Islam had not come on the scene but most likely Christianity. Imagine if they had embraced the Roman Catholic faith!! Would they have besieged Constantinople for the Pope to force a reunion of the Churches?

While I stood on the ancient walls of Constantinople I thought about these questions.

I wonder if there are alternative universes where things happened differently? For instance, could there be an alternative existence where the Greeks had won the battle of Manzikert or had defeated the Crusaders in 1204

There are a lot of what if questions and it makes for good alternative fiction.

What if the Roman Empire embraced Mithra instead of Christ?
What if the Vikings became Muslim?
What if pee wee Herman ran for President of Sweden in 1998?
What if the truth had come out in 1969 and the moon was really made out of cheese? really!!
on and one - it might never end- millions of alternative universes-????

Edited by eaglecap - 16-Jul-2008 at 21:10
Λοιπόν, αδελφοί και οι συμπολίτες και οι στρατιώτες, να θυμάστε αυτό ώστε μνημόσυνο σας, φήμη και ελευθερία σας θα ε
Back to Top
calvo View Drop Down
General
General


Joined: 20-May-2007
Location: Spain
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 846
  Quote calvo Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 17-Jul-2008 at 18:43
One thing I find curious is that how not only just the Ottomans, but almost ALL Turkic-speaking peoples ended up adopting Islam.
Is this because Islam integrates well with their traditions and lifestyle, or is it because Islam gained a strategic foothold in the area in which most Turkic people resided.
 
All Turkic peoples, from Uighurs (who were once Buddhists), Kirguiz, Kazakhs, Tatars, Uzbeks, Bashkirs.... all converted to Islam, although some earlier or later than others.
 
Only minority Turkic nationalities, like the Gaugaz of Moldavia, the Yakuts of Siberia, and the chuvash of the Volga, have adopted Christianity.
Back to Top
eaglecap View Drop Down
Tsar
Tsar
Avatar
Retired AE Moderator

Joined: 15-Feb-2005
Location: ArizonaUSA
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 3959
  Quote eaglecap Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 17-Jul-2008 at 19:31
Originally posted by calvo

One thing I find curious is that how not only just the Ottomans, but almost ALL Turkic-speaking peoples ended up adopting Islam.
Is this because Islam integrates well with their traditions and lifestyle, or is it because Islam gained a strategic foothold in the area in which most Turkic people resided.

 

All Turkic peoples, from Uighurs (who were once Buddhists), Kirguiz, Kazakhs, Tatars, Uzbeks, Bashkirs.... all converted to Islam, although some earlier or later than others.

 

Only minority Turkic nationalities, like the Gaugaz of Moldavia, the Yakuts of Siberia, and the chuvash of the Volga, have adopted Christianity.


It would also include the: Cumans, Pechenegs and the Bulgars. I am under the impression that the Turkic tribes who migrated to the former Byzantine lands or Europe became Christianized and those who migrated into the former Persian or Islamic lands became Muslim.
Λοιπόν, αδελφοί και οι συμπολίτες και οι στρατιώτες, να θυμάστε αυτό ώστε μνημόσυνο σας, φήμη και ελευθερία σας θα ε
Back to Top
Flipper View Drop Down
Arch Duke
Arch Duke
Avatar

Joined: 23-Apr-2006
Location: Flipper HQ
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 1813
  Quote Flipper Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 17-Jul-2008 at 22:39
Originally posted by eaglecap


Since my late Papoo was Greek and from Istanbul/Constantinople this is an important question to me and it is an interesting question. But, if they had converted to Orthodoxy they might have been assimilated into the Byzantine Empire and become Hellenized like the Cumans, Slavs and other races. 


I do not believe Christianity Hellenized anyone at those times. Some nations were Hellenized way before Christianity. Carians were accepted fluent speakers of Greek in the time of Strabo (it was not even polite to comment their harsh dialect), Phrygians were neighbouring the Aeolians for more than a millenia before and were in religion and language close from the beginning. Thracians, were simply assimilated easily by culture, eather that was Greek, later Roman and later Slavic.

Now, if we look at the times when Christianity started growing, Ionians and other anatolians went big on Mithras at first. Some centuries later, Thracians carried christian icons in their firewalking, to avoid being characterized as pagans. The Tsakonians/Lakedaimonians, turned completely to Christianity around the 11th century.

I believe the view that christianity hellenized, is an impression some religious figures in Greece spreaded between the 17th and 19th century. This impression they created was a necesity as they saw it.

The truth is that Armenians remained Armenians, Bulgarians remained Bulgarians, Assyrians remained Assyrians and the list goes on. Whatever happened later is another story.

So, basically the Turks would probably be a nation like the other ones. They already had the culture, they entered areas that incorporated many cultures, so they would just become an addition to it, no matter religion. How things went later on is another story.

I believe we ask ourselves these questions today, cause our presence and recent memories are related to the impact the religion has or had in our lives. We have to examine it in a larger scale.

The Turks didn't start as Muslims. They did not start to expand because of religion nor for its sake. No matter what religion they kept, the "natural mechanisms" of an empire are always the same in their basis.


Edited by Flipper - 17-Jul-2008 at 22:50


Så nu tar jag fram (k)niven va!
Back to Top
eaglecap View Drop Down
Tsar
Tsar
Avatar
Retired AE Moderator

Joined: 15-Feb-2005
Location: ArizonaUSA
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 3959
  Quote eaglecap Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 17-Jul-2008 at 22:45
Spero Vyronis in The Decline of Medieval Hellenism in Anatolia uses the term Hellenized when he talked about the mid and later Byzantine period - that is where I got that from but I cannot give you the exact page since I returned the book to the university library.
Λοιπόν, αδελφοί και οι συμπολίτες και οι στρατιώτες, να θυμάστε αυτό ώστε μνημόσυνο σας, φήμη και ελευθερία σας θα ε
Back to Top
Flipper View Drop Down
Arch Duke
Arch Duke
Avatar

Joined: 23-Apr-2006
Location: Flipper HQ
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 1813
  Quote Flipper Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 18-Jul-2008 at 11:59
Yes, but did he talk about Christianity Hellenizing or just about far Anatolians being Hellenized? And if we're talking about Christianity Hellenizing, which Anatolians were non Hellenized since antiquity that were Hellenized during mid and later Byzantine period? I can imagine that in Cappadokia many people started regarding themselves as one with other Greek speakers of the empire, but i can't put a finger on it really.


Så nu tar jag fram (k)niven va!
Back to Top
eaglecap View Drop Down
Tsar
Tsar
Avatar
Retired AE Moderator

Joined: 15-Feb-2005
Location: ArizonaUSA
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 3959
  Quote eaglecap Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 18-Jul-2008 at 18:36
Originally posted by Flipper

Yes, but did he talk about Christianity Hellenizing or just about far Anatolians being Hellenized? And if we're talking about Christianity Hellenizing, which Anatolians were non Hellenized since antiquity that were Hellenized during mid and later Byzantine period? I can imagine that in Cappadokia many people started regarding themselves as one with other Greek speakers of the empire, but i can't put a finger on it really.


Come to think of it I am not sure if I read about the hellenization of a Turkic Tribe in Vyronis' book or Donald Nicol "Immortal Emperor=???

I still have Immortal Emperor from the unversity library

Byzantine Emp - are you out there????
Λοιπόν, αδελφοί και οι συμπολίτες και οι στρατιώτες, να θυμάστε αυτό ώστε μνημόσυνο σας, φήμη και ελευθερία σας θα ε
Back to Top
Nestorian View Drop Down
Pretorian
Pretorian
Avatar

Joined: 08-Jul-2006
Location: Australia
Online Status: Offline
Posts: 161
  Quote Nestorian Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 29-Aug-2008 at 09:17
Not everyone who calls themselves "Muslim" is a Muslim. For many people, religion is just an identity rather than a personal matter of discourse.
 
As every historian knows, conversions often have a political undertone. There are instances of Turks who converted back and forth between religions as the need or fancy took them.
 
Lets make it clear. Turks are Turks no matter what religion!!
 
Let me illustrate with a historical example. There were several Turkic tribes that converted to Nestorian Christianity such as the Keraits and Merkits. Their lifestyle continued uninterrupted as before. After conversions to Islam, their lifestyle still continued as before.
 
It is only in this century that we find a general revival in religious observance in the Turkic and Turkish world. What does this tell you? It tells you that for centuries, religion was just a matter of identification. It was rarely skin-deep for the everyday Turk.
 
:D
Isa al-Masih, both God and Man, divine and human, flesh and spirit, saviour, servant and sovereign
Back to Top
 Post Reply Post Reply

Forum Jump Forum Permissions View Drop Down

Bulletin Board Software by Web Wiz Forums® version 9.56a [Free Express Edition]
Copyright ©2001-2009 Web Wiz

This page was generated in 0.063 seconds.