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Topic: India Posted: 06-May-2009 at 01:49 |
I would like to know what countries encompassed India from it's origin?
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Omar al Hashim
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Posted: 06-May-2009 at 11:12 |
England. None. All. India doesn't have an origin. The question doesn't make sense.
India the country is a fragment of the former British Empire, we could ask which princely states acceded to India but I don't think that is what you are after.
India the continent is well, a continent.
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Ikki
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Posted: 06-May-2009 at 15:58 |
According with the western point of view, India was roughly the land of present day Pakistán, India, Nepal, Buthan and Bangladesh and laterly Sri Lanka too as India. The first description from greeks say that "the country become rhomboidal" and give more or less the limits i've said
11. India is bounded on the north from Ariana to the eastern sea, by the extremities of the Taurus, which by the natives are severally called 'Paropamisus' and 'Emodus' and 'Imaus' and other names, but by the Macedonians 'Caucasus'; on the west by the Indus River; but the southern and eastern sides, which are much greater than the other two, extend out into the Atlantic sea, and thus the shape of the country becomes rhomboidal, each of the greater sides exceeding the opposite side by as much as three thousand stadia, which is the same number of stadia by which the cape common to the eastern and southern coast extends equally farther out in either direction than the rest of the shore. Now the length of the western side from the Caucasian Mountains to the southern sea is generally called thirteen thousand stadia, I mean along the Indus River to its outlets, so that the the opposite side, the eastern, if one adds the thousand of the cape, will be sixteen thousand stadia. These, then, are the minimum and maximum breadths of the country. The lengths are reckoned from the west to the east; and, of these, that to Palibothra can be told with more confidence, for it has been measured with measuring lines, and there is a royal road of ten thousand stadia. The extent of the parts beyond Palibothra is a matter of guess, depending upon the voyages made from the sea on the Ganges to Palibothra; and this would be something like six thousand stadia. The entire length of the country, at its minimum, will be sixteen thousand stadia, as taken from the Register of Days' Journeys that is most commonly accepted, according to Eratosthenes; and, in agreement with him, Megasthenes states the same thing, though Patrocles says a thousand stadia less. If to this distance, however, one adds the distance that the cape extends out into the sea still farther towards the east, the extra three thousand stadia will form the maximum length and this constitutes the distance from the outlets of the Indus River along the shore that comes next in order thereafter, to the aforesaid cape, that is, to the eastern limits of India. Here live the Coniaci, as they are called. |
Taurus-Caucasus-Imaus = Himalaya
Atlantic = Indic
Edited by Ikki - 06-May-2009 at 16:06
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ruffian
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Posted: 10-May-2009 at 16:05 |
Originally posted by Little Mountain
I would like to know what countries encompassed India from it's origin? |
Countries that comprised India were: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan. South Indian kings also ruled over large parts of south east asia places like cambodia, thailand, indonesia, vietnam etc.
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MarcoPolo
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Posted: 10-May-2009 at 23:08 |
Originally posted by Little Mountain
I would like to know what countries encompassed India from it's origin? |
Some factual history as india in an ''origin'' sense never existed. India as we know today is a relatively new political entity created by the British upon their departure from South Asia. The famous Winston Churchill summed it up best when he said ''what india? ''india'' is as much of a country as the Equator'' (quote by Sir Winston Churchill)
Ancient Indus - known to ancient Persians, Greeks encompassed Parts of Southern and Central Pakistan(Sindh, Balochistan, NWFP and Panjab)
British Raj - encompassed eastern Afghanistan, Pakistan, Burma, India, Bangladesh +/- Yemen
Modern New(post 1947) india - india of today that we see on maps as created by the British.
Edited by MarcoPolo - 14-May-2009 at 01:24
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Posted: 12-May-2009 at 12:43 |
Thank you all for your replies...........
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Jinit
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Posted: 03-Apr-2013 at 23:54 |
I think there is some misconception here. India or Bharat or Hindustan as a country rarely existed before the 1947. However there was the concept of "Bharat varsha" or about who is indian and who is not. Just like there wasn't a country called hellenic republic or Greece before 1830, however hellenistic world was very much there long before the formation of country. Map of anicent India created on the basis of Hindu and buddhist scriptures.
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TITAN_
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Posted: 04-Apr-2013 at 12:13 |
IS Bharat the original name of India? When were those terms coined?
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Jinit
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Posted: 04-Apr-2013 at 13:45 |
YEs Bharat is the self ascribed name of India. and I am not sure about exact dating, but the term is very old. The name is derived from the name of legenadry emperor "Bharat" who according to legend conquered the entire India and hence after it was called Bharat varsha. The great Indian epic Maha bharata (literal translation Greater India) is written in Gupta age. SO it is atleast older than that. The term also appears in the other works written during the Gupta era. For eg some quotes from Vishnu puran ऋषभो मरुदेव्याश्च ऋषभात भरतो भवेत् भरताद भारतं वर्षं, भरतात सुमतिस्त्वभूत् Rishabha was born to Marudevi, Bharata was born to Rishabh, Bharatvarsha (India) arose from Bharata, and Sumati arose from Bharata. ततश्च भारतं वर्षमेतल्लोकेषुगीयते भरताय यत: पित्रा दत्तं प्रतिष्ठिता वनम This country is known as Bharatavarsha since the times the father entrusted the kingdom to the son Bharata and he himself went to the forest for ascetic practices उत्तरं यत्समुद्रस्य हिमाद्रेश्चैव दक्षिणम् । वर्षं तद् भारतं नाम भारती यत्र संततिः ।। The country (varṣam) that lies north of the ocean and south of the snowy mountains is called Bhāratam; there dwell the descendants of Bharata. The current Sanskrit name of India is Bharat Ganrajya (Ganrajya - republic)
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Nick1986
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Posted: 04-Apr-2013 at 19:20 |
Map of India under the Raj. Burma and Kashmir were also once considered part of India
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Jinit
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Posted: 05-Apr-2013 at 00:36 |
Not only Burma but even Aden & United Arab emirates were part of the British raj. & IIRC UAE used India rupee as its currency for a long period even after 1947. Apart from that Both Somalia and Singapore were also part of British raj althaugh only for a brief period of time. Btw Kashmir was and is part of India.
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TITAN_
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Posted: 05-Apr-2013 at 03:25 |
Now that is interesting.... If the word Maha is Sanskrit, and then it could be associated to Greek meha (=mega) which means the same thing (great).
What about the word India? It derives from river Hindus, right? The real question is when the word India was actually written down and attested in Sanskrit.
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Ollios
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Posted: 05-Apr-2013 at 04:21 |
the word India comes from Indus River which is mostly in Pakistan, doesn't it?
Edited by Ollios - 05-Apr-2013 at 04:22
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Jinit
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Posted: 05-Apr-2013 at 05:28 |
There are obviously many similar words between sanskrit and Greek language.Thats how they discovered the common root of the Indo european language. For eg the Sanskrit words for mother and Father is Matru and Pitru respectively. which is similar to the greeks words if I remember correctly As for the word India - As far as I know India isn't a sanskrit word at all and it never got any place in sanskrit or any of the Indian language. IT is non Indian word. The word India (which is greek or latin word) is derived from the word Indus river. The word Indus is derived from the persian word hindu (ie place beyond the indus river ?). The word "Hindu" is derived from the Sanskrit word Sindhu river. which is the original name for the indus river. Althaugh I am not sure right now. Another native name for India is Arya varta (abode of the Aryas) Gurjara pratihara rulers that ruled most of the north india in 9th century used the the tile Maharajadhiraj of Aryavarta ( Maharajadhiraj -great king over kings)
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TITAN_
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Posted: 05-Apr-2013 at 06:22 |
So, the Persian word Hindu derives from Sanskrit Sindhu (S-indhu), therefore the name India ultimately derives from Sanskrit s-indhu = indu = india. So, the Persians borrowed a Sanskrit word. Do we know when those terms were actually written down/attested in texts? All I know is that the word India appears in Western texts after the conquests of Alexander III (Megasthenes' Indika etc.), roughly circa 300 BC.
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αἰὲν ἀριστεύειν
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Posted: 05-Apr-2013 at 06:25 |
Originally posted by Jinit
There are obviously many similar words between sanskrit and Greek language.Thats how they discovered the common root of the Indo european language. For eg the Sanskrit words for mother and Father is Matru and Pitru respectively. which is similar to the greeks words if I remember correctly |
Correct. matru is mitir (noun) or mitrikos (adjective) in Greek. Pitru is patir (noun) or patrikos (adjective).
Is Sanskrit grammar more complicated than Hindi? For example when it comes to different forms for each word (noun-adjective-verb-adverb etc.)
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αἰὲν ἀριστεύειν
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Posted: 05-Apr-2013 at 06:26 |
Originally posted by Ollios
the word India comes from Indus River which is mostly in Pakistan, doesn't it?
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Back then, Pakistan was a part of India.
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αἰὲν ἀριστεύειν
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balochii
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Posted: 05-Apr-2013 at 08:14 |
there was never such thing as a united India before british, it's bogus. If any thing India was just a cultural thing more than a territory thing. yes indic culture was spread in large areas before
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Jinit
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Posted: 05-Apr-2013 at 08:41 |
Originally posted by TITAN_
So, the Persian word Hindu derives from Sanskrit Sindhu (S-indhu), therefore the name India ultimately derives from Sanskrit s-indhu = indu = india. So, the Persians borrowed a Sanskrit word. Do we know when those terms were actually written down/attested in texts? All I know is that the word India appears in Western texts after the conquests of Alexander III (Megasthenes' Indika etc.), roughly circa 300 BC. |
The earliest use of the word Hindus is found in the inscription on the tomb of Darius the great (5th century BC?). The word India was also used by the Herodotus. So its use in western world is older than 3rd century BC.
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Jinit
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Posted: 05-Apr-2013 at 09:08 |
Originally posted by TITAN_
Correct. matru is mitir (noun) or mitrikos (adjective) in Greek. Pitru is patir (noun) or patrikos (adjective).
Is Sanskrit grammar more complicated than Hindi? For example when it comes to different forms for each word (noun-adjective-verb-adverb etc.) |
I didn't take sanskrit as a language in school. So I don't have much knowledge about Sanskrit grammer. However it certainly seems more complicated than Hindi. It has lots of rules.
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