After Muhamad's death 3 caliphs were able to keep the faith in a unified direction but after Ali,there was a great rift for many reasons.
Some muslims such as Ummayads believed Islam should remain an Arab religion, the Ummayads were killed at the hands of the Abbasids and took over their former territories of North Africa and the Iberia. There soon became a major rift between Suffi muslimas and Shi'a muslims. There was also a dispute between Seljuk Turks and Abbasids in which case the Seljuks won.Then the Ottomans and The Saffavid dynasty were in conflict.
For what reason was there great division in the Islamic Empire?
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