QuoteReplyTopic: Top 100 Generals Posted: 20-Jun-2008 at 22:51
Originally posted by DSMyers1
Version 8 Alpha 1
Ver 7
Rank
Name
Country/People
2
1
Temujin
(Genghis Khan)
Mongols
1
2
Alexander
the Great
Macedonia
3
3
Napoleon
Bonaparte
France
4
4
Hannibal
Barca
Carthage
5
5
Timur
Turks
6
6
Khalid
ibn al-Walid
Arabs
7
7
Aleksandr
Suvorov
Russia
8
8
Jan
Žižka
Bohemia
9
9
Belisarius
Byzantines
11
10
John
Churchill (Duke of Marlborough)
England
10
11
Subotai
Mongols
12
12
Gustav
II Adolf
Sweden
13
13
Scipio
Africanus the Older
Rome
14
14
Gaius
Julius Caesar
Rome
17
15
Henri
de La Tour d'Auvergne de Turenne
France
18
16
Eugene
of Savoy
Austria
19
17
Heraclius
Byzantines
20
18
Cyrus
the Great
Persia
16
19
Sir
Arthur Wellesley (Duke of Wellington)
England
15
20
Frederick
II of Prussia
Prussia
33
21
Stefan
cel Mare (Stephen III)
Moldavia
21
22
Maurice,
comte de Saxe
France
22
23
Raimondo
Montecuccoli
Austria
23
24
Philip
II of Macedon
Macedonia
30
25
Erich
von Manstein
Germany
24
26
Selim
I
Ottomans
26
27
Gaius
Marius
Rome
27
28
George
Kastrioti (Skanderbeg)
Albania
28
29
Nadir
Shah
Persia
29
30
Robert
Clive
England
32
31
Hán
Xìn
China
34
32
Gonzalo
Fernández de Córdoba (El Gran Capitán)
Spain
35
33
Robert
E. Lee
Confederate
36
34
Helmuth
Karl Bernhard von Moltke
Prussia
37
35
Shapur
I
Persia
38
36
Chandragupta
Maurya
India
39
37
Maurice
of Nassau
Netherlands
25
38
Heinz
Wilhelm Guderian
Germany
31
39
Louis
Nicholas Davout
France
40
40
Louis
II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé
France
41
41
Tiglath-Pileser
III
Assyria
42
42
Thutmose
III
Egypt
43
43
Trần
Hưng Đạo
Vietnam
44
44
Shivaji
Bhosle
Maratha
45
45
Winfield
Scott
United
States
46
46
Lucius
Cornelius Sulla
Rome
47
47
Yue
Fei
China
48
48
Babur
Mughal
49
49
Tokugawa
Ieyasu
Japan
50
50
Thomas
J. (Stonewall) Jackson
Confederate
51
51
Janos
Hunyadi
Hungary
52
52
Duke
of Parma (Alessandro Farnese)
Spain
53
53
Leo
III the Isaurian
Byzantines
54
54
Hamilcar
Barca
Carthage
63
55
Simeon
I the Great
Bulgaria
55
56
Gazi
Evrenos
Ottomans
56
57
Nurhaci
Manchu
57
58
Paul
Emil von Lettow-Vorbeck
Germany
58
59
Charles
XII
Sweden
59
60
Oda
Nobunaga
Japan
60
61
Francesco
I Sforza
Milan
61
62
Stanisław
Koniecpolski
Poland
62
63
Claude-Louis-Hector
de Villars
France
64
64
Louis
Joseph de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme
France
65
65
Georgy
Zhukov
Russia
66
66
Aurelian
(Lucius Domitius Aurelianus)
Rome
67
67
Epaminondas
Greece
68
68
Toyotomi
Hideyoshi
Japan
69
69
Jan
III Sobieski
Poland
70
70
Alp
Arslan
Turks
71
71
Qi
Jiguang
China
72
72
Alexius
I Komnenos
Byzantines
73
73
Constantine
I the Great
Rome
74
74
Murad
IV
Ottomans
75
75
Albrecht
Wallenstein
Austria
76
76
'Amr
ibn al-'As
Arabs
81
77
Emperor
Taizong of Tang (Lĭ ShìMín)
China
82
78
Muhammad
of Ghor
Ghorids
83
79
Suleiman
I
Ottomans
84
80
Shaka
Zulu
Zulu
85
81
Baibars
Mamluke
104
82
Flavius
Stilicho
Rome
88
83
Charlemagne
France
89
84
François
Henri de Montmorency-Bouteville (Luxembourg)
France
78
85
Aleksandr
Vasilevsky
Russia
91
86
Jebe
Mongols
92
87
David
Israel
93
88
Lautaro
(toqui)
Mapuche
86
89
Vo
Nguyen Giap
Vietnam
94
90
André
Masséna
France
95
91
Ulysses
Simpson Grant
United
States
97
92
Carl
Gustav Mannerheim
Finland
90
93
Uqba
ibn Nafi
Arabs
98
94
Robert
the Bruce
Scotland
99
95
Mustafa
Kemal
Turkey
80
96
Erwin
Rommel
Germany
97
Sargon
of Akkad
Akkad
100
98
James
Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose
Scotland
183
99
Charles
Martel
Franks
123
100
Henry
V
England
why did Manstein actually improved compared to last list and is still way ahead of Guderian? and why is there still Muhammed of Ghor but not Mahmud of Ghazni?
Good assessment, but you are forgetting that he beat 80,000(max) Muslim cavalry with 30,000 (max) infantry.
source?
Those numbers are maximum numbers for the battle at Poitiers (Tours). I believe that it is accepted that the numbers were 2:1 in favor of the Muslims, and that the Muslim force was mostly cavalry while Martel's army was mostly infantry. It was a classic "cavalry charge repeatedly against well-trained and determined infantry and eventually lose" battle. Wikipedia has a good, balanced article on the battle.
why did Manstein actually improved compared to last list and is still way ahead of Guderian? and why is there still Muhammed of Ghor but not Mahmud of Ghazni?
Guderian has been in front, and I could have sworn that the majority were favoring moving Manstein in front of Guderian. I personally could go either way. I don't think that Heinrici should be on the list, by the way.
Sorry about the Muhammed/Mahmud mixup. I didn't remember to switch them. (That was the consensus, right? It's been a lot of pages!)
It is still alpha, but there were a lot of people backing Temujin for #1. It's pretty even. Genghis had the longer career and fewer advantages from his predecessors.
Hmm, must have missed that. Do you recall on which pages the advantages were discussed? (tempting as it is to go through all the pages again, should be breaking 100 within a week or two)
"War is a cowardly escape from the problems of peace."--Thomas Mann
Is this list moderated by achievement or generalship?
Cyrus the Great has no right to be on there. He was a trickster. That's a great quality, and as shown, it can form a big empire, but it doesn't make one a great general.
When his generalship was tested, he stuffed it and got beheaded.
Don't get me wrong, congrats to Cyrus for getting so far on a complete lack of military talent, but he isn't deserving of being above 80% of the people on there.
I feel there are a few entries like this, that seem more like we owe a particular group a great general, rather than the general who made himself great through conquest.
About Charles Martel, sources again? No Arabic source of importance ever mentioned anything about this battle except that it was a raid, nothing more nothing less. Only later sources hyped the battle into cataclysmic proportions making Islamic armies over 300 k men. The battle of Covadonga got alot more interest and hyping in Islamic sources than this battle which was considered by nearly all Islamic historians as a border battle or a raid gone wrong, a side show of a side show of the real wars the Umayyads fought. And againt, Martel failed to reconquere Septimania, except Maguelone, he says he won yet surprisingly Ummayyd controlled lands in southern France were practically the same after the battles of Nimes and Berre River. Only in Pepin's era over 20 years later were the muslims finally driven out of France and by that time, Septimania were independent Berber emitares at war with each other and with the Arab tribes that ruled Spain in the South.
Could I ask what the reasons are for putting Tokugawa Ieyasu ahead of Toyotomi Hideyoshi?
I can't remember. Try searching this thread! It's probably been a year or more since discussing that, and East Asian generals are the weakest part of this list due to the limited sources, particularly for China. The Japanese Sengoku generals are confusing, also, because just about everybody beat just about everybody else at one time or another (at least that's my impression). I don't think, however, that there was ever a good, coherent discussion about those two, so feel free to say what you think should be their ranking!
Is this list moderated by achievement or generalship?
Cyrus the Great has no right to be on there. He was a trickster. That's a great quality, and as shown, it can form a big empire, but it doesn't make one a great general.
When his generalship was tested, he stuffed it and got beheaded.
Don't get me wrong, congrats to Cyrus for getting so far on a complete lack of military talent, but he isn't deserving of being above 80% of the people on there.
I feel there are a few entries like this, that seem more like we owe a particular group a great general, rather than the general who made himself great through conquest.
I think you sell Cyrus short, somewhat, but you may be right. Many of his exploits and conquests are due to Harpagus, his great general. He was not terrible as a general--he defeated an impressive number of nations, and at least some of the credit must go to him. Cyrus, however, is now officially on the "Will drop significantly unless someone explains why he should be higher" list.
About Charles Martel, sources again? No Arabic source of importance ever mentioned anything about this battle except that it was a raid, nothing more nothing less. Only later sources hyped the battle into cataclysmic proportions making Islamic armies over 300 k men. The battle of Covadonga got alot more interest and hyping in Islamic sources than this battle which was considered by nearly all Islamic historians as a border battle or a raid gone wrong, a side show of a side show of the real wars the Umayyads fought. And againt, Martel failed to reconquere Septimania, except Maguelone, he says he won yet surprisingly Ummayyd controlled lands in southern France were practically the same after the battles of Nimes and Berre River. Only in Pepin's era over 20 years later were the muslims finally driven out of France and by that time, Septimania were independent Berber emitares at war with each other and with the Arab tribes that ruled Spain in the South.
Al-Jassas
Charles Martel did a lot more than just fight the Arabs. I recommend you read the Wikipedia account of his life. He essentially built Charlemagne's empire. The wiki source says 10,000 dead for the Ummayyad force at Tours; I could see that. I honestly don't know why the Arabic sources are so sparse. I suppose at the time, it was considered a prelude to eventual conquest, a softening up of the Franks--the raid was turned back strongly and no one ever bothered to attempt the conquest again. Another source: http://www.standin.se/fifteen07a.htm#ix
Is this list moderated by achievement or generalship?
Cyrus the Great has no right to be on there. He was a trickster. That's a great quality, and as shown, it can form a big empire, but it doesn't make one a great general.
When his generalship was tested, he stuffed it and got beheaded.
Don't get me wrong, congrats to Cyrus for getting so far on a complete lack of military talent, but he isn't deserving of being above 80% of the people on there.
I feel there are a few entries like this, that seem more like we owe a particular group a great general, rather than the general who made himself great through conquest.
I think you sell Cyrus short, somewhat, but you may be right. Many of his exploits and conquests are due to Harpagus, his great general. He was not terrible as a general--he defeated an impressive number of nations, and at least some of the credit must go to him. Cyrus, however, is now officially on the "Will drop significantly unless someone explains why he should be higher" list.
Events like the Babylonians and the Massagatae (sp?) show that Cyrus was more clever than he was brave. That's impressive, and makes for interesting reading, but it wouldn't stand up to the likes of Caesar et all, would it?
I think you sell Cyrus short, somewhat, but you may be right. Many of his exploits and conquests are due to Harpagus, his great general. He was not terrible as a general--he defeated an impressive number of nations, and at least some of the credit must go to him. Cyrus, however, is now officially on the "Will drop significantly unless someone explains why he should be higher" list.
Events like the Babylonians and the Massagatae (sp?) show that Cyrus was more clever than he was brave. That's impressive, and makes for interesting reading, but it wouldn't stand up to the likes of Caesar et all, would it?
Great generals are more clever than brave. Cleverness is far more important than bravery for a general! In my opinion, a perfect general would win the war without requiring personal bravery from his men or even himself, though if required to, he could. Cyrus's victories don't stack up well with many of the top 100, so he will drop, perhaps to the #75 range.
I think you sell Cyrus short, somewhat, but you may be right. Many of his exploits and conquests are due to Harpagus, his great general. He was not terrible as a general--he defeated an impressive number of nations, and at least some of the credit must go to him. Cyrus, however, is now officially on the "Will drop significantly unless someone explains why he should be higher" list.
Events like the Babylonians and the Massagatae (sp?) show that Cyrus was more clever than he was brave. That's impressive, and makes for interesting reading, but it wouldn't stand up to the likes of Caesar et all, would it?
Great generals are more clever than brave. Cleverness is far more important than bravery for a general! In my opinion, a perfect general would win the war without requiring personal bravery from his men or even himself, though if required to, he could. Cyrus's victories don't stack up well with many of the top 100, so he will drop, perhaps to the #75 range.
Undoubtably, but I think my use of the word brave was misleading. I meant having the courage to engage the enemy in pitched battles and convicingly destroy them.
Other than 'randomly' shuffling the deck to spark some controversy and debate, I too am having some difficulty understanding the changes. Why is someone like Montrose on the list? IIRC he rarely if ever commanded over 2,000 men in battle. If a 'low level' commander like that is worth considering, then NB Forrest (ACW) should definitely be (higher) on the list. Why is Giap still on the list at all? He basically won one battle, where his opponent (the French) made a terrible mistake based on a huge underestimation of the Viet Minh. That underestimation was based on the fact that Giap got his head handed to him over and over again, in every 'conventional' battle fought. Basically Giap just 'held on' until the French got frustrated and made a stupid mistake. Then he 'held on' until the Americans got frustrated and left. In both cases, 'holding on' entailed suffering massive casualties - much higher than the French and massively higher than the Americans. The only thing in his favour is that he 'won'. If 'winning' is so important, then all of the 'losers' (e.g. Napoleon, Hannibal) should clearly be removed from the top of the list, if not from the list entirely. Giap reminds me of a boxer that 'wins' by getting punched over and over again but doesn't go down. If we are judging ability to win boxing matches, then that is an important consideration. However, ability to 'take punches' is not a measure of boxing skill. Are we measure a commander's 'skill' or simply the ability of his forces to sustain massive losses and still keep fighting?
Edited by deadkenny - 21-Jun-2008 at 19:17
"Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." George Santayana
I'm only going to make this one last post about Giap and then will never mention his name again because I'm tired of this debate.
Firstly, if 'holding on' was so easy, every general would do it and win everytime. What? The Russians have taken Berlin? Just 'hold on'.
Secondly, your boxer metaphor is extremely accurate. The greatest boxer of all time, Muhammad Alie, (yes he would've beat Tyson), used the maneuver you described to win many fights, aka the 'rope a dope'.
Thirdly, the way war is going today, yes we should measure a commander's skill by how much punishment they can take and still win. Conventional warfare is getting rarer and rarer so in today's world of insurgencies, I'd take Giap over Napoleon. Repeat, today's world.
My suggestion: take Giap off the list and declare that no insurgent generals be allowed on the list. It would simpify things. But that's all for me on Giap or any other insurgent general. Forever.
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Other than 'randomly' shuffling the deck to spark some controversy and debate, I too am having some difficulty understanding the changes. Why is someone like Montrose on the list? IIRC he rarely if ever commanded over 2,000 men in battle. If a 'low level' commander like that is worth considering, then NB Forrest (ACW) should definitely be (higher) on the list. Why is Giap still on the list at all? He basically won one battle, where his opponent (the French) made a terrible mistake based on a huge underestimation of the Viet Minh. That underestimation was based on the fact that Giap got his head handed to him over and over again, in every 'conventional' battle fought. Basically Giap just 'held on' until the French got frustrated and made a stupid mistake. Then he 'held on' until the Americans got frustrated and left. In both cases, 'holding on' entailed suffering massive casualties - much higher than the French and massively higher than the Americans. The only thing in his favour is that he 'won'. If 'winning' is so important, then all of the 'losers' (e.g. Napoleon, Hannibal) should clearly be removed from the top of the list, if not from the list entirely. Giap reminds me of a boxer that 'wins' by getting punched over and over again but doesn't go down. If we are judging ability to win boxing matches, then that is an important consideration. However, ability to 'take punches' is not a measure of boxing skill. Are we measure a commander's 'skill' or simply the ability of his forces to sustain massive losses and still keep fighting?
Montrose has been on 6 out of the 8 lists so far. His campaigns in Scotland are quite similar to the valley campaign of Stonewall Jackson--dazzling dash and skill in quick concentrations of force and hard blows. He held Scotland for the King against vastly superior forces. I suggest you study more of his campaigns.
Forrest has been on the list, but he was more of a raider than one who actually held a region. He was on at 84 initially but quickly fell off the list.
I am quite comfortable with Giap being on the list. Not high on the list, but on the list.
Thirdly, the way war is going today, yes we should measure a commander's skill by how much punishment they can take and still win. Conventional warfare is getting rarer and rarer so in today's world of insurgencies, I'd take Giap over Napoleon. Repeat, today's world.
In that case I nominate Zapp Brannigan, the "Velour Fog" himself.
Seriously, though, I'm on the fence about Giap. Any success at all for someone in Giap's situation is impressive. But on the other hand, it may not be as great an accomplishment as it seems seeing as that it's also been done by others (the Afghan Mujahideen outlasted the Soviets, and both the Taliban and the Iraqi insurgents seem well on their way to doing the same to the Americans). But on the other hand, Giap was the one who first showed that the superpowers could be beaten in the long run by a determined opposition. But on the other hand, his preferred method of proving his people's determination was having them sacrifice themselves in droves.
I don't have a problem with having him on the list, but I'd put him below other nation-builders like Ataturk and Charles Martel who were less profligate with their people's lives.
Just on a side note, Giap's generalship isn't really much of a model for modern warfare, since his methods aren't transferrable to any situation not precisely analogous to his own and there are many better models available to anyone who can afford them. The fact that insurgencies are becoming more common while "conventional wars" become rarer is simply a reflection of war's high cost and small potential for gain in the current international environment. Basically, in the age of nuclear weapons nobody who has anything to lose is likely to choose warfare as a way to get what they want - wars now only happen when a superpower attacks a tiny country because it thinks it can't lose, and people in the tiny country end up fighting back because they're so poor and desperate that they figure they can at least die doing something useful.
I'm only going to make this one last post about Giap and then will never mention his name again because I'm tired of this debate.
Firstly, if 'holding on' was so easy, every general would do it and win everytime. What? The Russians have taken Berlin? Just 'hold on'.
Secondly, your boxer metaphor is extremely accurate. The greatest boxer of all time, Muhammad Alie, (yes he would've beat Tyson), used the maneuver you described to win many fights, aka the 'rope a dope'.
Thirdly, the way war is going today, yes we should measure a commander's skill by how much punishment they can take and still win. Conventional warfare is getting rarer and rarer so in today's world of insurgencies, I'd take Giap over Napoleon. Repeat, today's world.
My suggestion: take Giap off the list and declare that no insurgent generals be allowed on the list. It would simpify things. But that's all for me on Giap or any other insurgent general. Forever.
But the key here is that the ability to sustain massive losses and still continue to fight isn't a characteristic of the commander per se, but heavily dependent upon his 'side' (troops, population etc.). Giap in command of forces that were not willing / able to sustain such massive losses would lose. Sure this 'ability' to sustain huge losses was important to the Soviets in WWII, however, which general gets 'credit' for that? Rather it was a 'characteristic' of the Red Army and more generally the peoples of the Soviet Union (mostly, but not exclusively, Russian to be specific). However, in order for the Soviets to win, it wasn't sufficient to simply 'hold on'. There was no way the Germans were going to 'get tired' and 'go home' on their own, not with Hitler and the Nazi's calling the shots. It was necessary for the Soviets to launch some successful offensives, such as Moscow, Stalingrad and Bagration etc. The nature of an 'insurgency' means central control is difficult. When such 'central control' was used, the result was disasterous (e.g. Tet). IMHO you are assigning 'credit' earned by the Vietnamese as a whole to Giap in particular, when he does not in fact deserve it.
"Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." George Santayana
Montrose has been on 6 out of the 8 lists so far. His campaigns in Scotland are quite similar to the valley campaign of Stonewall Jackson--dazzling dash and skill in quick concentrations of force and hard blows. He held Scotland for the King against vastly superior forces. I suggest you study more of his campaigns.
Forrest has been on the list, but he was more of a raider than one who actually held a region. He was on at 84 initially but quickly fell off the list.
I am quite comfortable with Giap being on the list. Not high on the list, but on the list.
I have familiarized myself with Montrose's battles. My point was simply that he was generally commanding so few troops (as I said, rarely if ever over 2,000 men IIRC). Jackson was commanding 10 times the number of troops in his Valley Campaign for example. Why should Forrest be excluded because he was a 'raider'? Giap is on the list for an 'insurgency', when he was a failure as a 'conventional' battle commander. Forrest commanded a number of troops about the same, or even more on occasion, as Montrose did in his battles. At what point is a 'clash' considered a 'raid' vs. a 'battle'?
Edited by deadkenny - 22-Jun-2008 at 06:27
"Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." George Santayana
Could I ask what the reasons are for putting Tokugawa Ieyasu ahead of Toyotomi Hideyoshi?
I can't remember. Try searching this thread! It's probably been a year or more since discussing that, and East Asian generals are the weakest part of this list due to the limited sources, particularly for China. The Japanese Sengoku generals are confusing, also, because just about everybody beat just about everybody else at one time or another (at least that's my impression). I don't think, however, that there was ever a good, coherent discussion about those two, so feel free to say what you think should be their ranking!
I searched the thread, and it doesn't look like the they were ever seriously discussed. My suggestion would be to put Hideyoshi above Nobunaga, and both of them well above Ieyasu.
Ieyasu won by being the last to jump on top of the pile. He conducted a couple of campaigns while consolidating his claim to the Shogunate, but his biggest accomplishments were achieved through politics and court intrigue, not battle.
The other two both have good claims to being the greatest Japanese general. Nobunaga was a technological and tactical innovator who won some of the most impressive victories in Japanese history. He began the process of unifying the country. Hideyoshi was a peasant's son who rose through the ranks to become Nobunaga's top general, and then leader of the entire military. He completed the unification of Japan and, were it not for his lack of a family name, should have established his own shogunate. Unlike Nobunaga, he also lived long enough to die of natural causes.
My reasons for placing Hideyoshi ahead of Nobunaga are that, first of all, his victory was complete - in the end, Nobunaga had failed. Secondly, because Hideyoshi launched two invasions of Korea, he actually had an effect on history outside of Japan itself. Although the Japanese navy proved inadequate to support the invasions and the adventure was a strategic flop, Hideyoshi's army acquitted itself well in Korea.
P.S. To clarify the relationship between the three: Nobunaga defeated Ieyasu early in his career, taking him as a vassal. Hideyoshi caught Nobunaga's attention, becoming his lieutenant. Nobunaga was forced to kill himself as a result of an altercation with a third (sorry, fourth) party. Hideyoshi and Ieyasu each supported one of Nobunaga's sons to succeed him, fighting an inconclusive campaign until the sons reconciled and removed their pretext for war. Ieyasu agreed to become a vassal of Hideyoshi's. Hideyoshi took the title of regent, and later retired regent (I'm not sure what the difference is between the two positions - there certainly doesn't appear to have been any loss of command associated with 'retirement'), holding those for 13 years until his death. Ieyasu then started consolidating his own power - he defeated Hideyoshi's son, Hideyori, not Hideyoshi himself.
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