Persian words in Hindi

Quite a few AFAIK.
The very name Hindi comes from the Persian name for the area around the Indus (Sindh).

Here's some intersting stuff I've found, take a look:

Persian words in hindi:

Vegetable: SUB-ZI

Cheese: PA-NEER

Tea: CHAI  EDIT :  Both borrowed the word from china

color- rang

orange-naranji

white - safed

aloof - dur

always      -      hamesha

certainly not      -      hargiz nahin

ever      -      hamesha

every moment      -      hardam

far      -      dur

in      -      andar
inside      -      andar
near      -      pas    **
off      -      dur
once      -      ek bar
again & again      -      bar-bar  
or      -      ya
perhaps      -      shayad
since (conditional)      -      chunki
twice      -      do bar
whereas      -      chunki
easy      -      asan
bad      -      kharab
empty      -      khali
fresh      -      taza
dirty      -      ganda
distant      -      dur
near      -      pas
hot      -      garam
honest      -      imandar   (Iman daar, someone who has iman?)
dishonest -      beiman
wealthy     -      maldar  (someone who hass maal)
poor      -      garib   (gharib?)
healthy  -      tandurust
sick      -      bimar
new      -      naya (no?)
young      -      jawan
narrow      -      sankra, tang
lazy      -      sust
smart      -      hoshiyar
kind      -      meharban
pleased      -      khush
displeased      -      naraz   (naaraazi)
urban      -      shahri
rural      -      dehati
smelling good      -      khushbudar
smelling bad      -      badbudar
not durable      -      kamzor
strong      -      takatwar  (like takat? it sounds persian but do we have takat?)
worthless      -      raddi
hard      -      sakhta
I       -       main
My       -       mera (m) , meri (f) , mere (pl)
We       -       ham  (hameye maa?)
Our       -       hamara (m) , hamari (f) , hamare (pl)
You       -       tum , ap (r)
to answer       -       jawab dena
to attack       -       hamla karna
to attempt       -       koshish karna
to clean       -       saf karna
to forgive       -       maf karna  (moaaf kardan?)
to hate       -       nafarat karna (nefrat kardan/ nefrat daashtan?)
to help       -       sahayata dena, madad dena (madad resaandan)
to waste       -       barbad karna         ; ; ; ;      




Arabic words in hindi:

against (opposite) -    khilaf
alas      -      afsos

at      -      taraf

but      -      lekin

certainly      -      zarur

if      -      agar
immediate      -      zaruri, turamt andar
oft / often      -      aksar
of course      -      albatta
oft / often      -      aksar
over (finished)      -      khatam
scarcely      -      mushkil se
sorry      -      afsos
towards      -      taraf
truly      -      sahi
difficult      -      mushkil
clean      -      saf
durable      -      mazbut
much      -      zyada
right      -      sahi
wrong      -      galat



Words and their english translations are taken from:
http://www.it-c.dk/people/pfw/hindi/index.html




Edited by Behrouz

Here's another Arabic word that is borrowed Kitab (book).  Kitab is also used in East African Swahili.

The list is extensive.  Behrouz, the list you posted covers most of the words that I am aware of.

Persian influence in the north Indic languages dates from the Mogul period, when Persian was the official court language of the Moguls.  Akbar the Great (r 1556-1605) (well he's "the Great" in India, but apparently a sell-out in Pakistan, but that's another story) used to encourage peoetry and prose more than ever before, and most of the work was in Persian.

Cywr - you are correct that the very reference to India in most Middle Eastern languages as "Hind" derives from the name of the Indus River, which may have even been then called "Hindus River".  The name for Sindh (the province at the mouth of the river) I'm not so sure about, it may have developed separately.  I've noticed that the plural for each is different:  Hindus vs Sindhis....I'm sure someone will know more about that...

OK this is an updated list, the refrences of english translations are on top of each section. Please correct me ppl, if we have arabs, turks , persians and indians around here please let me know if there's a mistake in the list or origins of words. Thanks.




Cheese: PA-NEER
color- rang
orange-naranji
white - safed
aloof - dur
always      -  hamesha


--------------------------http://www.it-c.dk/people/pfw/hi ndi/index.html
certainly not            hargiz nahin   (hargez is persian)
ever                       hamesha
every moment         hardam
far                          dur
in                            andar
inside                      andar
near                        pas   
off                           dur
once                ek bar
again & again           bar-bar          (dobareh)
or                ya
perhaps           shayad
since (conditional)     chunki
twice                do bar
whereas            chunki
easy                asan
bad                kharab
empty                khali
fresh                taza
dirty                ganda
distant            dur
near                pas
hot                garam
honest               imandar       (Iman daar, someone who has iman)
dishonest           beiman        (someone who doesn't have iman)
wealthy               maldar        (someone who hass maal)
poor                garib         (gharib?)
healthy            tandurust
sick                bimar
new                naya (noe?)
young                jawan
narrow                tang
lazy                sust
smart                hoshiyar
kind                meharban
pleased            khush
displeased            naraz       (naaraazi)
urban                shahri
rural                dehati
smelling good          khushbudar
smelling bad            badbudar
not durable            kamzor
strong                takatwar      (like takat? it sounds persian but do we have takat?)
worthless            raddi
hard                sakhta
I                  main   & ;nbs p;        (sound like man in persian)
My                  mera (male)     (sounds like maraa which is short form of man raa in persian)
We                  ham          (hameh?)
Our                  hamara (m)     (hame raa?)
You                  tum         (toe?)
to answer              jawab dena    (jawab daadan, jawaab is arabic though)
to attack              hamla karna     (hamle kardan, hamle is arabic though)
to attempt              koshish karna    (kooshesh kardan)
to clean              saf karna    (saaf kardan, saaf is arabic)
to forgive              maf karna      (moaaf kardan, moaf is arabic)
to hate              nafarat karna     (nefrat kardan/ nefrat daashtan? , nefrat is arabic)
to help              madad dena      (madad daadan, madad is arabic)
to waste              barbad karna    (barbad daadan / barbaad kardan)       &a mp;n bsp; 
---------------------------------------------------------- ----------http://www.shamema.com/wordlist.htm
head            sar
face            chehra     & ;nbs p;    (chehre)
tounge            zaban       
arm/hand        bazu   
fingelnail        nakhun
leg            tan   
heart            dil   
blood            khun   
urine            peshab         (some old persian word? given aab is water in persian while pani is water in hindi)
house            ghar       
door            darwaza
broom            jharu
knife            chaqu        (chaghoo)
sky            asman
star            ek tara      (setare?)
river            darya
wind            hawa
tree            darakht
flower            phul         (is possibliy taken from hindi rather than given because fruit = phal in hindi)
potato            alu         (Aalou, interesting!!)
onion            piaz
salt            namak
meat            gosht
fat            cherbi     & ;nbs p;    (charbi)
chicken            murghi        (morgh)
cow            gae        (gaav)
tail            dum
name            nam
child            bacha
husband            shohar
wife            bibi
evening            sham (not sure if Shaam is persian or arabic so included in both sections)
week            ek hafta
month            mihana (just similar to persian, possibly not borrrowed)
dry            khushk
--------------------------------------http://faculty.maxwe ll.syr.edu/jishnu/101/FoodItems/default.asp
Wine                 sharaab
bread                naan
tambaakuu            Tobaaco
Vinegar              sirkaa
Black Beans          lobhiyaa
Flour                aattaa        ( sound very similar to persian Aard)
Almond               baadaam
Apple                sev         (similar to persian Seeb)
Grapes               anguur
Melon                kharbuujaa
Pistachio            pistaa
Plum                   aaluubukhaaraa  (aalooye bukhara!)
Tangerine            naarangii
Cinnamon             daalciinii      (similar to persian daarchin)
tasty                 mazedaar
Beetroot             cukandar     (persian choghondar)
Cucumber             khiiraa      (persian khiar)
Eggplant             baingan      (similar to persian bademjaan)
Pumpkin              kadduu    
Vegetable            sabzii

angel          ; ;      farishtaa
alike          ; ;      ek-saa
animal        & ;nbs p;     jaanvar
abstinence          parhez
back                 vaapas
comfort,rest        aaraam
choice, liking       pasand
Complete,full          puraa          (persian por)
colorful          rang-biranga     (persian rang-varang)
colourful          rangiin
city                   sheher
dislike          naapasand
dangerous          khatarnaak
friend          dost
favorite          man-pasand
fragrance (happy smell) khushbuu
happiness           khushii
illness           bimaarii
less                   kam
man                   aadmii
medicine           davaaii/davaa (not sure if dava is persian or arabic)
man                    mard

marriage           Shaadii     (There has to be a relation between this and persian Shaadi meaning happiness)                 
married          Shaadii-shudaa    (Shode is a persian word, again it's very likely Shaadi is a borrowed from persian)
neither... nor       na... na     (seems like a persian structure, specially since na is no/don't in persian)
office           daftar         (persian or arabic?)
opinion, view           khayaal     (persian/arabic?)
oneself           khud
or                   yaa
pain, ache           dard
perhaps           shaayad
prosperity           khush-haalii     (haal is arabic while khosh is persian)
salutation, greetings      aadaab        (persian/arabic?)
someone           kisii
safety, welfare      kheriyat (persian/arabic?)
thousand           hazaar
to buy           khariidnaa
to remind           yaad dilaanaa     (yaad is persian)
to emphasize           zor denaa         (zoor daadan/kardan?)
umbrella           chaataa     (not sure about the origins, similar to persian chatr, could it be arabic?)



Arabic




------------------------------------------http://www.it-c. dk/people/pfw/hindi/index.html
against (opposite)     khilaf
alas                afsos
at                taraf
but                lekin
certainly            zarur
if                agar
immediate            zaruri, turamt andar
oft / often            aksar
of course            albatta
oft / often            aksar
over (finished)        khatam
scarcely            mushkil se
sorrow                afsos
towards            taraf
truly                sahi
difficult            mushkil
clean                saf
durable            mazbut
much                zyada
right                sahi
wrong                galat
---------------------------------------------http://www.sh amema.com/wordlist.htm

body            jism
rainbow            qusr quzah
morning            subah
evening            sham
year            sal
near            qarib
different        mukhtali
whole            mukamal
---------------------------------------------http://facult y.maxwell.syr.edu/jishnu/101/FoodItems/default.asp
answer             javaab
advice             salaah

(a term signifying
respect)          tashriif

age               umar
book              kitaab
condition         haal
chair                kursii
custom            rivaaj
difference         farka         (fargh)
enough            kaafii
insurance         biimaa
medicine          avaaii/davaa (not sure if dava is persian or arabic)
meaning          matlab                  
meeting         mulaakaat
office          daftar (persian or arabic?)
order                hukam
only                  sirf
opinion, view       khayaal (persian/arabic?) 
paper                 kaagaz
patient          mariiz  
question          savaal
request          arz
real, genuine          aslii
salutation, greetings      aadaab(persian/arabic?)
sir                                saahib
safety, welfare              kheriyat (persian/arabic?)
wait                   intzaar
total                   kul
to be known           maaluum honaa (maaluum is arabic)
that is, in other words     yaanii 
vision            nazar
World          ;        duniyaa


Edited by Behrouz

chunki, khun, kagiz, kisi and some other ones are Turkish originated. And about 1/3 of the words are originated from Arabic...

Originally posted by Oguzoglu chunki, khun, kagiz, kisi and some other ones are Turkish originated. And about 1/3 of the words are originated from Arabic...

Thanks for the input. I will need to do research on some of those words because I honestly don't know the origins. I would imagine kisi has roots of Kassi in persian which breaks done to Kas (person) + (i) meaning one, or meaning belonging to
Chunki, I would think is Chonke in persian meaning Chon (because) + ke (so)

Now if these words have actually entered persian from turkish or the other way around I wouldn't know, but I'm pretty sure they don't have roots in arabic.

 

There are two different reasons for common words between Hindi and Persian. Some of the words are more recently adapted in Hindi and for the most part go back to the Mughal period, but Hindi and Persian also have a common Indo-Aryan root and have probably originated in the same area. You will find many common word in ancient Sanskrit and Persian texts long before they was direct interaction between Iranians and Idians or the Mughal period. More info here

 

 

Originally posted by Miller   <>There are two different reasons for common words between Hindi and Persian. Some of the words are more recently adapted in Hindi and for the most part go back to the Mughal period, but Hindi and Persian also have a common Indo-Aryan root and have probably originated in the same area. You will find many common word in ancient Sanskrit and Persian texts long before they was direct interaction between Iranians and Idians or the Mughal period. More info here

An obvious correlation that I forgot about....

A lot of numbers are also similar, and some of them are the same.

Originally posted by Behrouz Originally posted by Jazz ....A lot of numbers are also similar, and some of them are the same. The numbers are actually borrowd from indians by persians I think. Given that generally mathematics and especially the number zero came originally from there.

I understood that the numbers evoled separately, but from the same proto-Indo-Iranian language, much like comparing French and Spanish's numbers which have evolved from Latin.


Edited by Jazz

Depeding on your perspective. Hindi and Urdu are either separate languages or 2 forms of the same language.

They are close in that they evolved from a common language called "Hindustani"  Grammar is quite close, virtually identical, but the general vocabulary is different, even though the core vocabulary is the same.  However, it is increasingly different since the partition of India into India and Pakistan.  This is due to movements within each country to purge Persian/Arabic words from Hindi and use more words from Sanskrit, and likewise in Pakistan to purge Sanskritic words for those that are Persian/Arabic in origin.  But to the colloquial speaker both are mutually intelligible, in pure form, not so.