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Was Jesus a Buddhist?

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Topic: Was Jesus a Buddhist?
Posted By: Nick1986
Subject: Was Jesus a Buddhist?
Date Posted: 13-Oct-2011 at 20:13
During the 19th century a Russian journalist visited a Buddhist monastery in Ladakh and read a manuscript describing the life of a monk who lived centuries ago called Issa. As a young man, it is believed Jesus encountered Therevada monks in Judea and went back east with them, studying in India until he reached the age of 30. After either faking his death at the crucifixion or having someone else die in his place, he apparently went to Kashmir with his mother, married and had children. He called himself Yuz Asaf and died aged 125. His tomb in Srinigar has become a tourist attraction and is currently housed in a purpose-built building

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Me Grimlock not nice Dino! Me bash brains!



Replies:
Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 13-Oct-2011 at 21:34
No.
As the available evidence-sources; other then theory.. legend... myth and or conjecture... that is associated with the Christ or the Buddha, imo, doesn't support it. And certainly insofar as religious and biblical archaeology and theological historians in the mainstream research... it does not. Which includes the bios by the scholar of the Buddhacarita... Aśvaghoṣa or the next most famous the Lalitavistara Sūtra. Or the following which were all compiled from the 2Ce-4thCe.  Well after the death of the Christ.
One would presume that the association of a Hebrew holy man from the west who had traveled east to study the tenets would have been worth of inclusion. If for no other reason then the novelty or as an example of proof that the teachings had attracted many and diverse intellectualists from far away.
 
Now that does not say however that there are not some remarkable similarities between the two... even given the difference in time and distance.
 
There were...... and each remains the giant in the theology/ies, doctrines and denominations that have been formulated.
 
You might find this of interest.
 
http://jimvb.home.mindspring.com/ser1998Oct11.htm - http://jimvb.home.mindspring.com/ser1998Oct11.htm


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"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: TheAlaniDragonRising
Date Posted: 13-Oct-2011 at 23:44
Originally posted by Nick1986

During the 19th century a Russian journalist visited a Buddhist monastery in Ladakh and read a manuscript describing the life of a monk who lived centuries ago called Issa. As a young man, it is believed Jesus encountered Therevada monks in Judea and went back east with them, studying in India until he reached the age of 30. After either faking his death at the crucifixion or having someone else die in his place, he apparently went to Kashmir with his mother, married and had children. He called himself Yuz Asaf and died aged 125. His tomb in Srinigar has become a tourist attraction and is currently housed in a purpose-built building
Oh yes I think I remember this story, and somewhat interesting. What makes it so is that ideas Jesus was preaching were not common in the holy land, but they were known in Buddhism. Now we can ask where he got these ideas from. The thing is if we say they were from God then we are also probably say that God chose Buddhism too and first to convey these teachings. 

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What a handsome figure of a dragon. No wonder I fall madly in love with the Alani Dragon now, the avatar, it's a gorgeous dragon picture.


Posted By: Baal Melqart
Date Posted: 14-Oct-2011 at 04:28
Originally posted by TheAlaniDragonRising

Originally posted by Nick1986

During the 19th century a Russian journalist visited a Buddhist monastery in Ladakh and read a manuscript describing the life of a monk who lived centuries ago called Issa. As a young man, it is believed Jesus encountered Therevada monks in Judea and went back east with them, studying in India until he reached the age of 30. After either faking his death at the crucifixion or having someone else die in his place, he apparently went to Kashmir with his mother, married and had children. He called himself Yuz Asaf and died aged 125. His tomb in Srinigar has become a tourist attraction and is currently housed in a purpose-built building
Oh yes I think I remember this story, and somewhat interesting. What makes it so is that ideas Jesus was preaching were not common in the holy land, but they were known in Buddhism. Now we can ask where he got these ideas from. The thing is if we say they were from God then we are also probably say that God chose Buddhism too and first to convey these teachings. 


I don't think you can jump the gun and say that Jesus' teachings are Buddhist per se even given the similarities. I would think that Jesus preached a message which really focused on forgivance and peace, not to say that similar teachings were not common amongst the Jews (albeit with less focus on those specific values).


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Timidi mater non flet


Posted By: medenaywe
Date Posted: 14-Oct-2011 at 07:12
self sacrifice element is common inside both of them. 


Posted By: Cryptic
Date Posted: 14-Oct-2011 at 11:29
Originally posted by medenaywe

self sacrifice element is common inside both of them. 
 
True, but all the cultural references in the gospels are enitirely local Hebrew with some Greco Roman overtures from the occupying Romans.  Likewise, the theology of Jeus is entirely revelatory Abrahamic. 
 
In short, with the possible exception of the singular John 10:16 reference "I have other sheep in other pastures" there is nothing either culturally or theologicaly in the gospels or in he following material (Letters,  Acts of the Apostles) to suggest that Jesus ever left the local area, much less travelled to India.
 
 
Originally posted by Baal Melqart

I don't think you can jump the gun and say that Jesus' teachings are Buddhist per se even given the similarities. I would think that Jesus preached a message which really focused on forgivance and peace, not to say that similar teachings were not common amongst the Jews (albeit with less focus on those specific values).
Well said.  


Posted By: medenaywe
Date Posted: 14-Oct-2011 at 12:32
Yes J.C. and Buda are similar in two principles:1.follow me2.and all have a reason!It is very peculiar way of being alpha unit avoiding your personal sexuality or even deny it!Male virgin was declared for the first time in New Testament.



Posted By: unclefred
Date Posted: 14-Oct-2011 at 16:17
I heard Siddhartha  was a Jew.


Posted By: Nick1986
Date Posted: 14-Oct-2011 at 20:00
A lot of Jesus' teachings are similar to Buddhism: turning the other cheek is ahimsa, bodhisattvas and saints are both depicted with radient halos, Christians worship Mary as a mother-goddess, and both Christian and Buddhist monks practise meditation, vows of chastity and poverty. It would seem that Christ gained enlightenment while on the cross and sought to share his discoveries with the disciples, none of whom understood and instead worshipped Jesus as a demigod

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Me Grimlock not nice Dino! Me bash brains!


Posted By: Cryptic
Date Posted: 14-Oct-2011 at 22:56
Originally posted by Nick1986

A lot of Jesus' teachings are similar to Buddhism: turning the other cheek is ahimsa, bodhisattvas and saints are both depicted with radient halos, Christians worship Mary as a mother-goddess, and both Christian and Buddhist monks practise meditation, vows of chastity and poverty.
 
 
One could easily say the same about Christianity and Jainism or Hinduism and Sufi Islam.   The theology of Jesus was totally revelatory Abrahamic.  Buddhism is a dharma based, not Abrahamic religion.  In the end, the similarities between Christianity and Buddhism are note worthy, but they are only skin deep. 


Posted By: lirelou
Date Posted: 14-Oct-2011 at 22:56
Was Jesus exposed to Buddhist thought in his lifetime? Given that Buddhists could be found as close as what is today Iran, I think it quite possible. But being aware of Buddhist principles, and even the active study of Buddhism, does not one a Buddhist make. And strictly speaking, gods and goddesses do not exist in Buddhism. Likewise, self-sacrifice to the point of ending one's life is alien to core Buddhist beliefs. The many warrior monks of Korean, Chinese, and Vietnamese history were not, strictly speaking, good Buddhists. Rather they were respected monks whose worldly concerns turned them from the path of enlightenment. The goal of Buddhism is not to become a good Buddhist, but rather to be a Buddha. Not too different from Christian theology which emphasizes that the road is rocky, and not all can continue upon it. And the goal of every Christian is not to be a 'good' Christian, but rather to emulate Christ in thought, word, and deed, thereby becoming 'Christ-like'.




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Phong trần mài một lưỡi gươm, Những loài giá áo túi cơm sá gì


Posted By: Menumorut
Date Posted: 15-Oct-2011 at 15:53
No. The Christian teachings (no matter who is their author) is the opposite of Budhism in that

Budhism teaches that people must get rid of their personalities (character) and that in Nirvana people will be absorbed in the Absolute. That means, the dissapearing of the person. Buddhism is antipersonalist or depersonalizing.

Christianity is fundamentally personal, teaches about God - Person and humans as persons that can live only in the community of other persons.

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http://img210.imageshack.us/img210/3992/10ms4.jpg">



Posted By: Karalem
Date Posted: 15-Oct-2011 at 16:57
The big difference between eastern and western religions is that in the former there is no God as such. There is a God above Jesus while Buddha is the messenger of the people.  He is not the messenger of God. When Christianity was transferred to India it was absorbed to accommodate eastern perspective and branched into Buddhism and Hinduism.




Posted By: Baal Melqart
Date Posted: 15-Oct-2011 at 21:25
A lot of Jesus' teachings are similar to Buddhism: turning the other cheek is ahimsa, bodhisattvas and saints are both depicted with radient halos, Christians worship Mary as a mother-goddess, and both Christian and Buddhist monks practise meditation, vows of chastity and poverty. It would seem that Christ gained enlightenment while on the cross and sought to share his discoveries with the disciples, none of whom understood and instead worshipped Jesus as a demigod


Well, the depictions of saints by those who practiced christianity has in my opinion no relevance when speaking of similarities between both religions because we know that Jesus himself never told anyone to make such drawings or depictions. About the way in which Jesus is worshipped I would agree that there is quite a striking similarity between Jesus and Buddha and let me even add Zoroaster to the list. Obviously, all Christians would reject the idea that out of excessive adoration, they ended up worshipping Jesus as a demi-god. But then that belongs to its own separate topic... Budha for example is sometimes worshipped as a god although he only proclaimed himself to be a teacher (if you see buddha kill him!), the same goes zith Zarathustra who claimed to be a philosopher rather than a messenger.

The big difference between eastern and western religions is that in the former there is no God as such. There is a God above Jesus while Buddha is the messenger of the people.  He is not the messenger of God. When Christianity was transferred to India it was absorbed to accommodate eastern perspective and branched into Buddhism and Hinduism.


Both Buddhism and Hinduism predate Christianity by at least 5 centuries.


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Timidi mater non flet


Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 15-Oct-2011 at 23:00
I don't think so...there are too many differences between what Jesus thought and Buddism. The roots of his teachings are undoubtedly in Judaism, morality and all, God, etc. There is no one god in Buddhism, and then the main idea of Buddhism is breaking the cycle of being born again and again; hence Buddhism is cyclic, while Christianity is an eschatological; this is such a major difference that I cannot possibly see one coming from the other. Besides, Jesus didn't preach giving up the earthly life in order to gain salvation, he preached morality; the monastic ideal  that can be connected with Buddhism didn't come from Jesus, but was developed later. Jesus was a moral teacher, not philosopher like Buddha, nor he was the only one who claimed to be the Messiah, so he was not an isolated case so improbable that the roots of his ideas have to be searched for a continent away.

This is even not taking in account the timeline difference that Centrix talked about; taking this in mind the chance of such possibility seems next to zero. Which doesn't mean that some other Jew called Issa didn't make it to India - after all people move around all the time and Issa is not a unique name in Judea to say that there was only one person could possibly bear such a name. But if such person existed he wasn't the Jew Jesus we know from the gospels; and the Jesus's teachings are a very logical continuation of the mainstream Judaism, not Buddhist ideas.


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Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 15-Oct-2011 at 23:21
Originally posted by medenaywe

Yes J.C. and Buda are similar in two principles:1.follow me2.and all have a reason!It is very peculiar way of being alpha unit avoiding your personal sexuality or even deny it!Male virgin was declared for the first time in New Testament.


I have to disagree with that - first, Jesus didn't preach avoidance or denying of sexuality, this was Paul's idea, and whoever proclaimed his a male virgin did that on his own responsibility. The gospels were written by others, so if they proclaimed him a virgin this has nothing to do with Jesus himself. t one Jesus may as well have been married, we have no way to prove it one way or another. All we know is that he never preached any kind of monasticism, or denying of married life.

As for the sacrificial element - Buddha never said he would self-sacrificed himself, nor he said that anyone should  sacrifice themselves, he talked about separation from worldly passion that doesn't exclude married life; just psychological detachment from it. The whole stress on the sacrificial element in Christianity came after Christ, with the Patristic philosphers, aka "Alexandrian School" - in fact they pretty much built Christianity up on a mixed base of Greek philosophy, splash of Judaism and the gospels, that were written in Greek and heavily influenced by Greek worldviews. Jesus himsels was talking about his self-sacrifice, not that everyone should do so; "Sell all you have and follow me" was a call for followers, teachers on morality, not call to detach yourself from the world.

Buddhism's message is mostly about detachment and killing if all passion; while Christianity is built on passion; Jesus was passion himself - passion for morality, it oozes out through his /supposedly/ words in the gospels. So I don't see much similarities between both ways of thought.




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Posted By: Cryptic
Date Posted: 15-Oct-2011 at 23:28
Originally posted by Karalem

When Christianity was transferred to India it was absorbed to accommodate eastern perspective and branched into Buddhism and Hinduism.
 
To my knowledge Indian Christianity (both ancient and modern practices) has remained almost entirely Abrahamic.  


Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 15-Oct-2011 at 23:38
Originally posted by Nick1986

A lot of Jesus' teachings are similar to Buddhism: turning the other cheek is ahimsa, bodhisattvas and saints are both depicted with radient halos, Christians worship Mary as a mother-goddess, and both Christian and Buddhist monks practise meditation, vows of chastity and poverty. It would seem that Christ gained enlightenment while on the cross and sought to share his discoveries with the disciples, none of whom understood and instead worshipped Jesus as a demigod

Those similarities though are only on the surface and most of then didn't start with Jesus. The halos are an iconographic trait that started in byzantium, centuries after Jesus; Jesus never talked about meditation, but about prayer, and the ideas of both are very different - meditation is a way to enlighten yourself through concentration, while prayer is a conversation with god-the-creator. The vow of chastity wasn't an idea of Jesus, it developed like a century ofter he was gone. Jesus didn't preach poverty, but selling your stuff to give it to the poor - not that one has to be poor to start with, then if would be useless because one cannot seel his possessions and help the poor if he is poor to start with. On the cross Jesus didn't gain an enlightment, but talked to god-his-father and sacrificed himself like a lamb to gain salvation for others - this is a very Jewish idea /the sacrifice of the lamb.

What did Jesus himself teach - follow the laws, the 10 commandments, don't get divorced, whatever is in one's mind is as good as done, all moral laws. He never taught anything like enlightment, or nirvana, etc; this was not his line. What happened after death according him was hell or acceptance by god, he being his son - this has nothing in common with what Buddha stood for /detachment, self-enlightment, nirvana as freedom from births/.

The very idea is self-enlightening yourself would be seen as utmost pride in Christianity /and would be condemned/, where the faith in god and following him is the key to salvation by the same god; the very core idea is that god saves, not person saves himself. Jesus talked about god taking care of his children, like birds and flowers - this is not self-reliance /self-enlightment, like in Buddhism/, but reliance on god and his rules.

So, I don't see how possibly one could have been developed from the other; this is my opinion, of course, I don't want to press it on anyone.


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Posted By: Nick1986
Date Posted: 16-Oct-2011 at 19:34
How do we know Jesus' interpretation of Nirvana wasn't twisted to become the modern conception of Paradise by disciples like Paul who didn't understand his message? Buddhism doesn't deny the existence of gods (indeed, you can be reincarnated as a lesser-god or angel). Jesus' last words: My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? could have stemmed from the realisation that God was unable to intervene in the human world

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Me Grimlock not nice Dino! Me bash brains!


Posted By: Karalem
Date Posted: 17-Oct-2011 at 13:08
Originally posted by Cryptic

Originally posted by Karalem

When Christianity was transferred to India it was absorbed to accommodate eastern perspective and branched into Buddhism and Hinduism.
 
To my knowledge Indian Christianity (both ancient and modern practices) has remained almost entirely Abrahamic.  


which means it stayed more conservative than European Christianity.


Posted By: Karalem
Date Posted: 17-Oct-2011 at 13:22
The good question would be whether Jesus was real. I believe he was, but one has to take notice that pagan gods also mirror to an extend the symbol. Even the names like Zeus, or Celtic god Esus are different pronunciations of the same. it comes down to Deus, which means God. But why would the peasant father and his virgin wife call their child God. It is more likely that the original name of Jesus was something else and that he worked himself up in his life to be granted that name, perhaps even after his death.


Posted By: Karalem
Date Posted: 17-Oct-2011 at 14:04
then again the name could have been popular in Judea and Gallilea, just like today it still is in Spain.
though i bet his name was something else, a known historical figure whose biography was cut loose from that of Jesus. Why was a common prediger hoisted while many others similar to him left no trace. Cross was also a common death. Was he a common preacher?


Posted By: Baal Melqart
Date Posted: 17-Oct-2011 at 14:50
Originally posted by Karalem

then again the name could have been popular in Judea and Gallilea, just like today it still is in Spain.
though i bet his name was something else, a known historical figure whose biography was cut loose from that of Jesus. Why was a common prediger hoisted while many others similar to him left no trace. Cross was also a common death. Was he a common preacher?


The problem here is that Jesus was not his actual name because the language spoken in Judea at that time was Aramaic and not English. His name in Aramaic is either Yeshua or Yehoshua (might correspond more tot he English Joshua rather than Jesus). And yes, that name was quite common back in those days.


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Timidi mater non flet


Posted By: Karalem
Date Posted: 17-Oct-2011 at 15:21
I take it Jeshua has different etymology to Jesus, which would lead to more than one flukey coincidences, and is down a moot lane since Aramaic is gone. if they are reflexes of the same word, then no problem, it changes nothing.


Posted By: medenaywe
Date Posted: 17-Oct-2011 at 16:29
" My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?" are words that give us who&why did create(stress) screenplay's end like this!It was written during Roman Empire as proclamation for enslaved people:Accept your position and destiny mortal beings cause He,the son of God,do not complain and accept his destiny!I know you will say this was reedited after J.C. death but the purpose of simple propaganda pamphlet was it.Very similar was concept of Sidarta&Buda!Rich Prince had born to rule&enjoy abdicated and rejected material world and its pleasures and accepted spiritual world and poverty!Main purpose of both characters
was creation for stereotypes of ordinary social behavior and obedient citizens!No matter what have happened just do the same as they did cause they were chosen and accepted with free will sufferings why do not you!?!Reward will be delivered after in other world&resurrection&life!


Posted By: Nick1986
Date Posted: 17-Oct-2011 at 19:17
Joshua or Jesus was once a very common name in the Middle East. Christ shared his name with the bandit Barabbas, a quack from Crete, and an Old Testament prophet

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Me Grimlock not nice Dino! Me bash brains!


Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 17-Oct-2011 at 19:47
Originally posted by Nick1986

How do we know Jesus' interpretation of Nirvana wasn't twisted to become the modern conception of Paradise by disciples like Paul who didn't understand his message? Buddhism doesn't deny the existence of gods (indeed, you can be reincarnated as a lesser-god or angel). Jesus' last words: My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? could have stemmed from the realisation that God was unable to intervene in the human world

Paradise is a far older idea that Jesus - actually started with the Egyptians - so according to the "Book of the Dead" whoever pass the trial fo the gods, the ceremony of measuring his heart that would show if this person followed the Law of Heaven this person goes in the forever happy land that is always green and live there forever with the gods. Here, the Christian Paradise is a copy of the Egyptian one, not Nirvana.


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Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 17-Oct-2011 at 19:54
Originally posted by Karalem

The good question would be whether Jesus was real. I believe he was, but one has to take notice that pagan gods also mirror to an extend the symbol. Even the names like Zeus, or Celtic god Esus are different pronunciations of the same. it comes down to Deus, which means God. But why would the peasant father and his virgin wife call their child God. It is more likely that the original name of Jesus was something else and that he worked himself up in his life to be granted that name, perhaps even after his death.

I beleive Jesus was real person, a morality teacher, who ended up crucified - but was divinized as part of what he really though about himself - which is not a news, the ressurrection had been around since the Babylonian Dumuzi, and had been rehashed and served in a Judaic context - there is nothing new to that. In the same way pagan god and holidays turned into Christian saints and Easter, Christmas, etc. So, what Jesus came up with wasn't new nor original - just an ordinary person was turned into a Dying God http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dying_god - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dying_god   because people are attracted to simple and hopeful answers to the basic question of the rapaciousness and ephemerality of life. people create gods, not vice versa - this is my opinion anyway.


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Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 17-Oct-2011 at 20:36
Originally posted by Don Quixote

Originally posted by Nick1986

How do we know Jesus' interpretation of Nirvana wasn't twisted to become the modern conception of Paradise by disciples like Paul who didn't understand his message? Buddhism doesn't deny the existence of gods (indeed, you can be reincarnated as a lesser-god or angel). Jesus' last words: My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? could have stemmed from the realisation that God was unable to intervene in the human world

Paradise is a far older idea that Jesus - actually started with the Egyptians - so according to the "Book of the Dead" whoever pass the trial fo the gods, the ceremony of measuring his heart that would show if this person followed the Law of Heaven this person goes in the forever happy land that is always green and live there forever with the gods. Here, the Christian Paradise is a copy of the Egyptian one, not Nirvana.
 
I challenge lightly that it is a Egyptian copy....I otoh obviously see a nexus with the Hebrew. Now show me the Egyptian nexus with the Hebrew before their residence in Egypt...and then how... that... after influencing the Hebrew... if at all.... the Egyptian then ties to the Christain version.
 
I suspect as much Babylonian and other interests as much if not more then Egyptian directly.
 
Wink


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"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: Karalem
Date Posted: 18-Oct-2011 at 15:54
Originally posted by Don Quixote


I beleive Jesus was real person, a morality teacher, who ended up crucified - but was divinized as part of what he really though about himself - which is not a news, the ressurrection had been around since the Babylonian Dumuzi, and had been rehashed and served in a Judaic context - there is nothing new to that. In the same way pagan god and holidays turned into Christian saints and Easter, Christmas, etc. So, what Jesus came up with wasn't new nor original - just an ordinary person was turned into a Dying God http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dying_god - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dying_god   because people are attracted to simple and hopeful answers to the basic question of the rapaciousness and ephemerality of life. people create gods, not vice versa - this is my opinion anyway.


He might have been a preacher, but to become martyr he needed more than just walking the streets and shouting slogans. He preached in Judea, but was a Galilean. He was crucified for preaching, but Judea around that time went through a series of rebellions against Rome. Why did he preach against rabbinic Judaism?


Posted By: Nick1986
Date Posted: 18-Oct-2011 at 20:09
Originally posted by Don Quixote


Originally posted by medenaywe

Yes J.C. and Buda are similar in two principles:1.follow me2.and all have a reason!It is very peculiar way of being alpha unit avoiding your personal sexuality or even deny it!Male virgin was declared for the first time in New Testament.
I have to disagree with that - first, Jesus didn't preach avoidance or denying of sexuality, this was Paul's idea, and whoever proclaimed his a male virgin did that on his own responsibility. The gospels were written by others, so if they proclaimed him a virgin this has nothing to do with Jesus himself. t one Jesus may as well have been married, we have no way to prove it one way or another. All we know is that he never preached any kind of monasticism, or denying of married life.As for the sacrificial element - Buddha never said he would self-sacrificed himself, nor he said that anyone should  sacrifice themselves, he talked about separation from worldly passion that doesn't exclude married life; just psychological detachment from it. The whole stress on the sacrificial element in Christianity came after Christ, with the Patristic philosphers, aka "Alexandrian School" - in fact they pretty much built Christianity up on a mixed base of Greek philosophy, splash of Judaism and the gospels, that were written in Greek and heavily influenced by Greek worldviews. Jesus himsels was talking about his self-sacrifice, not that everyone should do so; "Sell all you have and follow me" was a call for followers, teachers on morality, not call to detach yourself from the world.Buddhism's message is mostly about detachment and killing if all passion; while Christianity is built on passion; Jesus was passion himself - passion for morality, it oozes out through his /supposedly/ words in the gospels. So I don't see much similarities between both ways of thought.

Perhaps Jesus was aware the crucifixion wouldn't kill him: rather than dying he entered a trance to appear dead (aided by the drugged wine provided by the Romans) and, through his suffering, entered a higher state where he could gain enlightenment (similar to Buddha starving himself under a tree)

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Me Grimlock not nice Dino! Me bash brains!


Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 18-Oct-2011 at 20:15
No source evidence to support that and certainly not by a later key witness St. John.
 
The reports of the great storm, and the rising of the dead, and his last words as a human being; at his death...refute it.


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"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: Baal Melqart
Date Posted: 19-Oct-2011 at 15:51

He said to them, “But now if you have a purse, take it, and also a bag; and if you don’t have a sword, sell your cloak and buy one.
                               Luke
22:36

This is said after the Romans were pursuing Jesus and the disciples. Ordering his disciples to buy swords is a clear indication that the Christ was ready to fight to death rather than accept crucifixion.

I frankly don't believe that he was crucified because there in no evidence in the bible itself that jesus was put on the cross because we are told that his disciples forsook him and fled moments before his alleged crucifixion. This makes it so that there is no eye witness to his crucifixion meaning that the resurrection also may not have been... I welcome your different opinions of course.

But this has all taken place that the writings of the prophets might be fulfilled." Then all the disciples deserted him and fled
                                   Mathew 26:56


@Karalem

Jesus opposed the rabbinic priests because of the changes they had made to the entire religion. They had subplanted the torah as the highest religious authority and replaced it with the Babylonian Talmud, which even supercedes the Jerusalem Talmud! The Babylonian Talmud mainly contained rabbinic discussions and religious edicts placed there by the sinhedrin and I can understand why Jesus was so outraged by this act. Nothing fascinating about it really.



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Timidi mater non flet


Posted By: Cryptic
Date Posted: 19-Oct-2011 at 18:22
Originally posted by Baal Melqart


This makes it so that there is no eye witness to his crucifixion meaning that the resurrection also may not have been... I welcome your different opinions of course.

But this has all taken place that the writings of the prophets might be fulfilled." Then all the disciples deserted him and fled
                                   Mathew 26:56
The roman soldiers were eyewitnesses and also participants in the actual death.  In addition, the Bible gives a detailed and description of the final parts of the execution process:
 
-breaking the legs of the other two men to ensure that they would die before the sabbath due to lung collapse since they could not be directly killed on the sabbath 
 
-stabbing Jesus with a lance to be sure that he was already dead).
 
The description is culturally consistant with both Roman and Jewish practices.  I think if one can accept the Bible as credible regarding the events just prior to and during the crucifiction, I think it logically follows that the Biblical description of the death of Jesus on the cross is credible as well.


Posted By: Baal Melqart
Date Posted: 19-Oct-2011 at 19:08
That's exactly what I doubted... If none of the disciples were present during these events that are so well documented in the bible, then who wrote them down, this of course considering that the disciples were the main authors of these biblical chapters.

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Timidi mater non flet


Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 19-Oct-2011 at 20:10
Originally posted by Centrix Vigilis

Originally posted by Don Quixote

Originally posted by Nick1986

How do we know Jesus' interpretation of Nirvana wasn't twisted to become the modern conception of Paradise by disciples like Paul who didn't understand his message? Buddhism doesn't deny the existence of gods (indeed, you can be reincarnated as a lesser-god or angel). Jesus' last words: My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? could have stemmed from the realisation that God was unable to intervene in the human world

Paradise is a far older idea that Jesus - actually started with the Egyptians - so according to the "Book of the Dead" whoever pass the trial fo the gods, the ceremony of measuring his heart that would show if this person followed the Law of Heaven this person goes in the forever happy land that is always green and live there forever with the gods. Here, the Christian Paradise is a copy of the Egyptian one, not Nirvana.
 
I challenge lightly that it is a Egyptian copy....I otoh obviously see a nexus with the Hebrew. Now show me the Egyptian nexus with the Hebrew before their residence in Egypt...and then how... that... after influencing the Hebrew... if at all.... the Egyptian then ties to the Christain version.
 
I suspect as much Babylonian and other interests as much if not more then Egyptian directly.
 
Wink

The Egyptian Book of the Dead was written supposedly in 1550 BC, or before that; the supposed Exodus for the Hebrews from Egypt was in 1312 BC; so the Hebrews were in Egypt exaxlty in the right time to be influenced by the Egyptian idea of Paradise no matter if Moses himself was an Egyptian or not.
Christianity appeared in the crosspoint of Mesopotamian, Egyptian and Greek influences - there is nothing out of ordinary it combined borrowed ideas of all those cultures, as in reality it did, IMHO. The Paradise, the Dying God, resurrection - all those are ideas that predate Christianity with millenia, there is nothing new in them. Noah and the Fllod came directly from Mesopotamian mythology, the "Epic of Gilgamesh"; the Hebrews themselves came from Ur of the Chaldeans, were Mesopotamians, in other words, of course they would rehash whatever they could use from the Mesopotamian mythology, this is how religions develop; if one is to use relatively scientific methodology when discussion religion, that is, and don't opt for uniqueness of the Judaism of Christianity, reality of divinities, etc.


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Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 19-Oct-2011 at 20:12
Refuted easily as a number of witnesses were there to include ST. John.
CC. http://www.gospel-mysteries.net/witnesses-crucifixion.html - http://www.gospel-mysteries.net/witnesses-crucifixion.html

Gospel of John

The account in this gospel differs considerably from the other three. It says that several women and one disciple stood "near the cross", and that Jesus spoke to them from the cross. The women are identified as Jesus' mother Mary, his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clophas (or Cleophas), and Mary Magdalene. The disciple is identified only as "the disciple whom Jesus loved".


Witnesses-Cross

The unnamed disciple mentioned in John is often called the "Beloved Disciple". He has traditionally been identified as John the son of Zebedee, one of the original twelve disciples, and the author of the gospel. But many scholars have questioned this identification, and the matter is still very much in dispute. But whoever he was, this gospel says that he and several women, including Jesus' mother, were near the cross, close enough to talk to Jesus and hear his words.

The other three gospels never mention a "disciple whom Jesus loved". They also say nothing about any disciple or any women being near the cross, or talking with Jesus while he was on the cross. Their accounts of the words that Jesus spoke from the cross are also completely different from the words attributed to him in John's gospel.

All of this suggests that the author of John had a source of information that wasn't available to the other gospel writers. This source is usually assumed to be the un-named Beloved Disciple himself, and a statement at John 21:24 seems to confirm this. Thus, this un-named disciple was probably the eyewitness for John's account of the crucifixion.

But who was the source of information for the other accounts? Most scholars think that Matthew and Luke got nearly all of their information about the crucifixion from Mark, though they sometimes made minor alterations. Thus, Mark's account is generally regarded as the original. And according to church tradition, Mark got most of his information about what happened directly from Peter.

But since Peter almost certainly didn't witness the crucifixion himself, who did he get his information from? Apparently not from the Beloved Disciple, since the accounts are so different. Instead, some people have suggested Simon of Cyrene, the man who was forced to carry the cross, although the gospels don't say whether he stayed to watch the crucifixion. Another possibility is that Peter talked to one or more of the women who watched from a distance. Matthew and Mark name several of them, in both cases specifying Mary Magdalene first.

If Mark got his information from Peter, and Peter got it from someone else, that would make Mark's account third-hand. But it actually reads like a first-hand account. In fact many scholars believe that Mark also had another source of information, a lost gospel known as the Pre-Markan Passion Narrative which was written fairly soon after the crucifixion by an unknown person who had a good knowledge of what happened. Evidence for Mark's possible use of such a lost document can be discerned in certain subtle details of his account.

Thus, the gospel stories of the crucifixion appear to be based on two primary sources of information: (1) The memories of the un-named Beloved Disciple, and (2) a now-lost early passion narrative used directly by Mark and second-hand by Matthew and Luke. Some additional details may have been provided by other sources such as Peter.

Although these conclusions are plausible, some people think that they leave some important questions unanswered. For example, why is John apparently the only gospel that mentions the presence of Jesus' mother Mary? If she was there, shouldn't such an important piece of information be in all of the accounts?

Some people also ask why John doesn't mention the followers who watched from a distance, and the other gospels don't mention the followers who were near the cross. One possible explanation is that all of the accounts actually refer to the same group, which gradually moved closer to the cross. Or possibly two separate groups were present, but each gospel writer only had information about one of them.

A more serious problem relates to what Jesus said while on the cross. What he says in John's account is completely different from what he says in the other accounts. It has been argued that different witnesses to an event often give different descriptions of it later. Certainly that could account for minor inconsistencies. But in this case the accounts are totally different.

Questions have also been raised about the story of the spear thrust. According to John 19:34, a Roman soldier pierced Jesus' side with a spear to make sure that he was dead. Yet the other gospels say nothing about this.

The various disparities have led some scholars to question the accuracy of certain parts of one or more of the accounts. But most Christians believe that all the accounts are basically correct, and that the discrepancies are simply the result of variations in what different witnesses saw or remembered.


Note: If we try to list all the specific individuals mentioned in the various accounts, we get the following result:


1. Mary Magdalene (mentioned by Matthew, Mark, and John)

2. Mary the mother of James and Joses (mentioned by Matthew and Mark)

3. The mother of Zebedee's sons (mentioned by Matthew)

4. Salome (mentioned by Mark) -- Many scholars think that this is the same person as (3), the mother of Zebedee's sons

5. Mary the mother of Jesus (mentioned by John)

6. Mary the wife of Clophas (who was probably Joseph's brother) (mentioned by John)

7. An un-named sister of Jesus' mother (mentioned by John) -- Many scholars think that this is the same person as (6), i.e., the wife of Clophas

8. The un-named Beloved Disciple (mentioned by John)


Much of the debate about the identities of these people centers on the Beloved Disciple. But there has also been a lot of discussion about the second person on the list, Mary the mother of James and Joses. Sometimes called "the other Mary", she appears in the story again (in some accounts) as one of the women who accompany Mary Magdalene to the tomb on Easter morning.

Several different identifications have been proposed for this "other Mary". Some people think that she was a previous wife of Joseph and the mother of his other children. Others say that she was the same person as the sixth individual on the list, i.e., the wife of Clophas and possibly a sister (or half-sister) of Jesus' mother.

But some scholars argue for another, and very intriguing, possibility. They contend that this "other Mary" was actually the mother of Jesus! If this is correct, a major disparity would be eliminated, because Mark and Matthew would then agree with John that Jesus' mother was present at the scene.

There are two main pieces of evidence to support the theory that this Other Mary was the mother of Jesus: First, her name is Mary. And second, her sons James and Joses could be two of the four brothers of Jesus mentioned in Mark 6:3.

But there is also a basic problem with this theory: For if this Other Mary really was the mother of Jesus, why don't Matthew and Mark say so? Instead, both authors seem to treat her as a minor character, and Matthew 28:1 even refers to her as "the other Mary".

In fact the whole matter of this woman's identity is very puzzling. But if it could be resolved, the possible conclusions could be very important.



 


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"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 19-Oct-2011 at 20:22
Originally posted by Don Quixote

Originally posted by Centrix Vigilis

Originally posted by Don Quixote

Originally posted by Nick1986

How do we know Jesus' interpretation of Nirvana wasn't twisted to become the modern conception of Paradise by disciples like Paul who didn't understand his message? Buddhism doesn't deny the existence of gods (indeed, you can be reincarnated as a lesser-god or angel). Jesus' last words: My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? could have stemmed from the realisation that God was unable to intervene in the human world

Paradise is a far older idea that Jesus - actually started with the Egyptians - so according to the "Book of the Dead" whoever pass the trial of the gods, the ceremony of measuring his heart that would show if this person followed the Law of Heaven this person goes in the forever happy land that is always green and live there forever with the gods. Here, the Christian Paradise is a copy of the Egyptian one, not Nirvana.
 
I challenge lightly that it is a Egyptian copy....I otoh obviously see a nexus with the Hebrew. Now show me the Egyptian nexus with the Hebrew before their residence in Egypt...and then how... that... after influencing the Hebrew... if at all.... the Egyptian then ties to the Christian version.
 
I suspect as much Babylonian and other interests as much if not more then Egyptian directly.
 
Wink

The Egyptian Book of the Dead was written supposedly in 1550 BC, or before that; the supposed Exodus for the Hebrews from Egypt was in 1312 BC; so the Hebrews were in Egypt exactly in the right time to be influenced by the Egyptian idea of Paradise no matter if Moses himself was an Egyptian or not.
Christianity appeared in the crosspoint of Mesopotamian, Egyptian and Greek influences - there is nothing out of ordinary it combined borrowed ideas of all those cultures, as in reality it did, IMHO. The Paradise, the Dying God, resurrection - all those are ideas that predate Christianity with millenia, there is nothing new in them. Noah and the Flood came directly from Mesopotamian mythology, the "Epic of Gilgamesh"; the Hebrews themselves came from Ur of the Chaldeans, were Mesopotamians, in other words, of course they would rehash whatever they could use from the Mesopotamian mythology, this is how religions develop; if one is to use relatively scientific methodology when discussion religion, that is, and don't opt for uniqueness of the Judaism of Christianity, reality of divinities, etc.
 
 
This presumes an  'superior influence' as I noted before. What evidence in the sources indicates it occurred.
 
The fact that Moses was raised and a Prince of Egypt does not presuppose his belief in the Egyptian pantheon. No evidence exists to support this afaik. Both Israel and Joseph were there prior to Moses yet neither is their evidence... even though Joseph is a  major servant  and friend of Pharaoh and had wives there... that he or his father believed in this version..and this was... what 400 years before Moses if memory serves correct.
 
I absolutely concur that the Christianity has been influenced viz the culturalization effect of many on the parent Hebrews theological development. What I contest is the superiority of the Egyptian in the aforementioned development on the parent hence delivered to the child. 


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"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: Cryptic
Date Posted: 19-Oct-2011 at 20:58
Originally posted by Baal Melqart

That's exactly what I doubted... If none of the disciples were present during these events that are so well documented in the bible, then who wrote them down, this of course considering that the disciples were the main authors of these biblical chapters.
 
The writer of Luke admits that he is not an eyewitness, but rather was an investigator who was working for "Theophilius" (probably a wealthy patron)
 
As for the other 3 gospels, the actual disciples probably did not write them either (though they were complied shortly after their deaths).  All the gospels are a collelction of accounts.  The source of these accounts were the original disciples, secondary disciples etc.
 
The accounts, however, are very accurate.  For example, the writers knew that the Romans were heavily outnumbered and feared a revolt.  As a result, the Romans are reluctant to execute Jesus for fear of starting a revolt amongst his followers and they also avoid giving needless offense to the Jews (the Romans respect Jewish sabbath etc.)  
 


Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 20-Oct-2011 at 03:17
Originally posted by Centrix Vigilis

Originally posted by Don Quixote

Originally posted by Centrix Vigilis

Originally posted by Don Quixote

[QUOTE=Nick1986]
 I challenge lightly that it is a Egyptian copy....I otoh obviously see a nexus with the Hebrew. Now show me the Egyptian nexus with the Hebrew before their residence in Egypt...and then how... that... after influencing the Hebrew... if at all.... the Egyptian then ties to the Christian version.
 
I suspect as much Babylonian and other interests as much if not more then Egyptian directly.
 
Wink

The Egyptian Book of the Dead was written supposedly in 1550 BC, or before that; the supposed Exodus for the Hebrews from Egypt was in 1312 BC; so the Hebrews were in Egypt exactly in the right time to be influenced by the Egyptian idea of Paradise no matter if Moses himself was an Egyptian or not.
Christianity appeared in the crosspoint of Mesopotamian, Egyptian and Greek influences - there is nothing out of ordinary it combined borrowed ideas of all those cultures, as in reality it did, IMHO. The Paradise, the Dying God, resurrection - all those are ideas that predate Christianity with millenia, there is nothing new in them. Noah and the Flood came directly from Mesopotamian mythology, the "Epic of Gilgamesh"; the Hebrews themselves came from Ur of the Chaldeans, were Mesopotamians, in other words, of course they would rehash whatever they could use from the Mesopotamian mythology, this is how religions develop; if one is to use relatively scientific methodology when discussion religion, that is, and don't opt for uniqueness of the Judaism of Christianity, reality of divinities, etc.
 
 
This presumes an  'superior influence' as I noted before. What evidence in the sources indicates it occurred.
 
The fact that Moses was raised and a Prince of Egypt does not presuppose his belief in the Egyptian pantheon. No evidence exists to support this afaik. Both Israel and Joseph were there prior to Moses yet neither is their evidence... even though Joseph is a  major servant  and friend of Pharaoh and had wives there... that he or his father believed in this version..and this was... what 400 years before Moses if memory serves correct.
 
I absolutely concur that the Christianity has been influenced viz the culturalization effect of many on the parent Hebrews theological development. What I contest is the superiority of the Egyptian in the aforementioned development on the parent hence delivered to the child. 

There is no superior influence and no influence can be superior or inferior - influences just happen naturally, as people trade, mix, marry and share info. For me to suppose that people would live together and never share influences is simply unrealistic. Judaism is a natural continuation of the Mesopotamian mythology, and Christianity of Judaism with influences from all directions.

If Moses was an Egyptian it's most natural he to have been excepting if not the Egyptian pantheon at least the key concepts like resurrection /Osiris/ and Paradise /green land, "park" etc,

"...In the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Testament - Old Testament , the word 'Pardes' (a transliteration of the Persian word) occurs in Song 4:13, Eccl.2:5, and Neh. 2:8 meaning 'park', the original Persian meaning of the word, similar to the description of the parks of http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrus_the_Great - Cyrus the Great by http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenophon - Xenophon in http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabasis_%28Xenophon%29 - Anabasis . In http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Temple - Second Temple era Judaism 'paradise' came to be associated with the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden_of_Eden - Garden of Eden and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_to_Come - prophesies of restoration of Eden ...." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradise - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradise /

one of those concepts became a part of Judaism, /Paradise/ the other didn't /resurrection/, it became part of Christianity - whatever this mean of doesn't mean. What, he /Moses/ would be living  in a culture and never excepting anything from it? I doubt that.

Now, I never inferred that possible Egyptian influence was, or is "superior"  - in fact I had been fighting against notions like that here and in a different forum. People just learn and borrow things from each other, some thing they except, some they don't, /it's pretty random/ - nothing more, nothing less. You point me to a person who clams that any Egyptian influence was like a parent to a child - and I'm gonna fight this notion down, I have a bad reputationDead for doing such thingsEmbarrassed.


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Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 20-Oct-2011 at 04:19
Here, the Christian Paradise is a copy of the Egyptian one, not Nirvana.
Sorry DQ.... it questionably might merely be semantics on my part but the above... imo... infers a uniqueness established by yourself when ya state... the Christian Paradise is a copy of the Egyptian one......it then follows logically that an assignment of superiority is thus also to be inferred if not directly..as you so state.... but ntl presents itself obliquely.
As Christianity first and foremost.... remains essentially a Hebrew offshoot with later significant divisions and separations and even additons of other cultures to include the paganistic. No arguement there.  And while I note it has been influenced by others thru the Hebrew development.
I will continue to reject a significant or at this point even a moderate nexus of the Egyptian. As I remain not satisfied that a serious nexus between the Hebrew exists with the Egyptian given my understanding of the sources which would define the developement of Hebrew doctrine.
 
We agree but disagree.Wink
 
But as usual, a fine discourse which I continue to appreciate.Smile


-------------
"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: TheAlaniDragonRising
Date Posted: 20-Oct-2011 at 04:46
Originally posted by Centrix Vigilis

Here, the Christian Paradise is a copy of the Egyptian one, not Nirvana.
Sorry DQ.... it questionably might merely be semantics on my part but the above... imo... infers a uniqueness established by yourself when ya state... the Christian Paradise is a copy of the Egyptian one......it then follows logically that an assignment of superiority is thus also to be inferred if not directly..as you so state.... but ntl presents itself obliquely.
As Christianity first and foremost.... remains essentially a Hebrew offshoot with later significant divisions and separations and even additons of other cultures to include the paganistic. No arguement there.  And while I note it has been influenced by others thru the Hebrew development.
I will continue to reject a significant or at this point even a moderate nexus of the Egyptian. As I remain not satisfied that a serious nexus between the Hebrew exists with the Egyptian given my understanding of the sources which would define the developement of Hebrew doctrine.
 
We agree but disagree.Wink
 
But as usual, a fine discourse which I continue to appreciate.Smile



I found this to be particularly interesting when talking about connections between Egyptian and later beliefs.Smile



Genesis 1-2 In Light Of Ancient Egyptian Creation Myths

Tony L. Shetter

This paper was presented at the second annual Student Academic Conference held at Dallas Theological Seminary in April 18, 2005.

Introduction

With the popularization of the documentary hypothesis by Julius Wellhausen and the publication of the Babylonian creation and flood stories by George Smith in the late 19th century, many critical scholars hold to a Babylonian background of the Genesis creation accounts. This fits well, of course, with their classification of Gen 1:1-2:3 as “P” and their dating of it to the exilic/post-exilic periods. However, several more recent scholars suggest that Genesis 1-2 reflects an Egyptian background: A. S. Yahuda, A. H. Sayce, Cyrus Gordon, and James Hoffmeier. Their approach better respects the Mosaic authorship of the Pentateuch and the Egyptian background of Moses and his original audience. The purpose of this paper is to survey the parallels and differences between Egyptian cosmology and the Genesis creation accounts that these four scholars have surfaced. It will also suggest that Genesis 1-2 reflects an Egyptian, not Babylonian, background and cosmology.

Brief Survey of Scholarship: Egyptian Background of Genesis 1-2

In 1887, Sayce first noted the parallels between Genesis 1 and the Egyptian cosmogony of Hermopolis: “the chaotic deep; the ‘breath’ moving on the waters; the creation of light; the emergence of the hill ‘in the middle of the waters.’” file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn1 - In 1933 and 1934, Yahuda identified several similarities between Genesis 1-2 and ancient Egyptian texts. He also identified Egyptian influence throughout the Pentateuch. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn2 - In 1982, Cyrus Gordon showed similarities between the Egyptian and Hebrew traditions of the creation of man. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn3 - In 1983, James Hoffmeier also identified several striking parallels between Genesis 1-2 and ancient Egyptian cosmology. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn4 - Brief Survey of Egyptian Cosmology (Creation Mythology)

The ancient Egyptian beliefs and concepts of creation appear in various sources: Pyramid Texts, Coffin Texts, The Book of the Dead, The Memphite Theology, as well as various hymns, file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn7 - Heliopolis, Memphis, and Hermopolis. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn12 - Heliopolis and Memphis share more in common with one another than with Hermopolis. However, they all feature the similar concepts of a primordial ocean, a primeval hill, and the deification of nature. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn13 - The Creation of the World: The Three Major Egyptian Cosmogonies

Heliopolis

The Pyramid Texts contain the earliest known cosmogonic expressions of the Egyptians. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn16 - file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn18 - Heliopolis, nine gods constitute the Great Ennead. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn19 - Heliopolis), (namely) Atum, Shu, Tefēnet, Gēb, Nūt, Osiris, Isis, Seth, and Nephthys; O you children of Atum, extend his goodwill to his child in your name of Nine Bows.” file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn22 - Heliopolis. He put his penis in his grasp that he might make orgasm with it, and the two siblings were born—Shu and Tefnut.” file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn24 - Heliopolis, you sneezed Shu, you spat Tefnut.” file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn25 -

Memphis

The Shabaka Stone file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn28 - Hermopolis

In the city of Hermopolis, the cosmogony of the Ogdoad arose. The Ogdoad of Hermopolis consists of four gods and their respective consorts: Nun and Naunet, Keku and Kauket, Hehu and Hauhet, Amun and Amaunet. Each of the four goddesses receives her name from the feminine form of the name of her male counterpart. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn36 - Brandon suggested that ‘Amun’ comes from the root ìmn which means ‘hidden’. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn39 - Frankfort comments on Amun’s role, and explains the function of the Ogdoad. He states, “Amon could therefore be conceived in later times as the dynamic element of the chaos, the mainspring of creation, the breath of life in dead matter. But this is not the original conception, which simply, by means of the Ogdoad, made the chaos more specific, more apt to be understood. On the Isle of Flames the Eight mysteriously made the sun-god come forth from the waters, and therewith their function was fulfilled.” file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn42 - Differences among the Three Egyptian Cosmogonies

The three cosmogonies of Heliopolis, Memphis, and Hermopolis exhibit both similarities and differences. At times the differences create contradictions in the mind of the modern reader. However, these contradictions among the three traditions and even within the traditions themselves did not pose a problem for the ancient Egyptians. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn43 - Similarities among the Three Egyptian Cosmogonies

From studying the various pieces of evidence dealing with the Egyptian understanding of creation, three common concepts bring unity to the otherwise diverse creation stories. All creation stories share the belief in a primordial ocean, a primeval hill, and the deification of nature. These concepts find representation in each of the temple sites in ancient Egypt. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn44 - The Creation of Humans in Egyptian Cosmogonies

Egyptians viewed the creation of the world as a separate creative act from the creation of man. While the cosmogonies of Heliopolis, Memphis, and Hermopolis address the origin of the world, the creation of humans and animals receives little attention. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn45 - The Creation Tradition of Khnum

While the creation of humans and animals receives little attention in the main cosmogonies, Egyptian evidence concerning the creation of man is not lacking. As Cyrus Gordon notes, “One of the most familiar scenes in Egyptian art is Khnum, the ram-headed god, fashioning a person out of the clay on the potter’s wheel.” file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn46 - Temple of Deir el Bahari, Hatshepsut had a relief carved on one of the walls depicting Khnum fashioning her and her ka out of clay on his potter’s turntable. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn47 - Nile, i.e., clay. After fashioning a person, his consort Heket offers the “breath of life,” symbolized by the ankh, to the nose of the clay figure. This animates the clay effigy and the person receives an allotted life-span, personified as Shay meaning “That-which-is-ordained.” file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn48 - Suggested Parallels between Egyptian Cosmology and the Hebrew Creation Accounts of Genesis 1-2

The following features of Egyptian cosmology share similarities with the Genesis creation accounts: the ability of the Egyptians to hold seemingly contradictory views of the creation events at the same time, the means employed by the creator-gods in their creation, and the condition of the primordial state at the beginning of creation.

Adherence to Seemingly Contradictory Views of the Creation

The fact that the Egyptians held to at least three different means of creation simultaneously without concerning themselves with the contradictions may give an answer to the two different creation narratives in Genesis. Old Testament scholars have long wrestled with the presence of two creation stories in Genesis. For example, von Rad notes, “The long road in the history of tradition which lies behind the present form of this account of creation is in many respects recognizable. The exposition has dealt with the tension between creation by act and creation by word.” file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn49 - file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn50 - The Means Employed by the Creator-Gods

As mentioned above, Ptah creates the world by divine word in the Memphite Theology. This forms a unique parallel between Genesis 1:1—2:3 and Egyptian cosmology. “While the doctrine of creation in response to divine command is widespread in Egyptian literature, it is not to be found in Babylonian cosmologies.” file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn53 - As Khnum creates man on his potter’s wheel, Yahweh-Elohim creates man by forming him from the earth. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn54 - rx^y` “to form, fashion” (which is the root of rx@y) “potter”) implicitly suggests that God is viewed as a potter. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn55 - Both the Egyptian and the Hebrew texts use the phrase “breath of life” to describe the life-giving force that the deity infused into the nostrils of the clay figure. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn57 - ankh, into the nostrils. In the Hebrew tradition, Yahweh-Elohim performs both functions, an implicit polemic against ancient Egyptian mythology. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn58 - It appears that the creation traditions of Heliopolis, Memphis, and Hermopolis parallel the first creation account in Genesis by having as their focus the creation of the world in general. The creation tradition of Khnum parallels the second creation account in Genesis by focusing on the creation of humans specifically.

The Primordial Condition

The Egyptian view of the primordial state may help inform the Hebrew understanding of the conditions mentioned in Genesis 1:2. Creation scientists have long argued for the creation of a water canopy when the waters were separated from the waters in Genesis. Envisioning the creation of the world in Genesis from a modern scientific standpoint leads them to see the world described in Genesis 1:2 as a ball of water from which a portion of water is taken and placed above the atmosphere. However, if the Egyptian worldview gives a closer understanding of the Hebrew worldview, quite a different idea emerges. The Egyptians saw the separation of waters as an air-bubble in the midst of the watery abyss of Nun. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn59 - <y!M`h^ EotB= “in the midst of the water” i.e. in the middle of the water. This gives the notion of an air-bubble in the middle of the deep. After making the expanse, God commands the water under heaven to gather to one place and allow the dry ground to appear.

The Ogdoad of Hermopolis appears to parallel the four conditions present at the beginning of creation in Genesis 1:2. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn60 - <ohT= ‘the deep.’ Keku/Kauket, personified darkness attending the primordial state parallels the Hebrew Ev#j) ‘darkness.’ Hehu/Hauhet, the gods reflecting boundlessness and infinity correspond to the Hebrew Whb)w` Wht ‘formlessness’ and ‘emptiness.’ Amun/Amaunet, personified air and wind parallel the Hebrew <yh!l)a$ j^Wr ‘mighty wind.’ file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn64 - The involvement of Amun in the creation tradition at Hermopolis appears to parallel the role of <yh!l)a$ j^Wr ‘mighty wind’ or ‘wind of God’ file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn65 - j^Wr hovers over the waters. One could imagine a mighty wind blowing upon the primordial waters stirring them into motion. Thus, the parallels between the Ogdoad of Hermopolis and the conditions present at the beginning of creation in Genesis 1:2 reveal that the Hebrews and the Egyptians shared a similar concept of the primordial state. However, one stark contrast exists. While the Egyptians personified the elements of nature, the Hebrews saw their God as distinct from the creation. The elements of the primordial universe await the command of the Creator rather than acting with independent volition. Furthermore, Atum-Re (creator-god and sun-god respectively) evolved/created himself out of the pre-existent water. By Contrast, Yahweh is eternally pre-existent, is distinct from the primeval water, and did not create himself.

Genesis Creation Accounts in Their Historical Context

The people who lived in the ancient Near East all shared similar ideas concerning how the world came into existence. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn67 - Babylon, creation results from a bloody battle of the gods. Marduk slays Tiamat, and splits her in two forming the heaven. However, in Egyptian creation, no violent struggle exists among the gods. Hebrew creation introduces another difference. Only one God exists who is distinct from his creation.

Historical Relationship between Hebrews and Egyptians

Since the Hebrew and Egyptian concepts of creation share more in common with one another than the Hebrew and Babylonian, this suggests that the author or redactor of the Genesis creation accounts possessed greater knowledge of Egyptian than Babylonian cosmology, or a the very least held a worldview that was closer to the Egyptian than the Babylonian worldview. If the Pentateuch was written by Moses who was educated in the courts of Egypt, the use of Egyptian ideas in the Genesis creation account should not be surprising. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn68 - Hatshepsut and Moses

Omar Zuhdi, suggests Hatshepsut as the daughter of Pharaoh who drew Moses from the water. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn69 - As mentioned previously, Hatshepsut’s temple at Deir el-Bahari in Thebes contains a wall-relief which depicts Khnum fashioning her and her ka out of clay on his potter’s turntable. Khnum’s consort, Heket, kneels by the potter’s wheel and offers the clay effigy the breath of life, symbolized by the ankh. file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn70 - If Hatshepsut adopted Moses as her son, he would have known about the cult of Khnum since his stepmother’s right to rule depended upon Khnum’s creation of her. Moses’ familiarity with Khnum may explain the Egyptian imagery found in the second Genesis creation account (Gen 2:4-25). Here, Yahweh-Elohim forms man out of the ground and breathes the breath of life into his nostrils causing the man to become a living being.

Demythologizing: The Historicization of Myth

As McCurley file:///C:/Users/Alexander/AppData/Local/Temp/Temp1_shetter_gen1-2.zip/Genesis1-2inLightofAncient.doc#_ftn72 - Israel’s neighbors. This process, known as ‘demythologizing,’ occurs in the Genesis creation accounts. The first creation story in Genesis demythologizes the cosmogony of Hermopolis. The four conditions present at the beginning of creation in Genesis parallel those represented by the Ogdoad of Hermopolis. However, rather than the elements of the creation having a volition of their own, the text portrays them as inanimate objects which move according to the direction of Yahweh’s word.

Genesis Creation Accounts Written as History

The wayyiqtol narrative structure of the Genesis creation accounts shows that the author/redactor(s) intended their audience to understand the accounts as taking place in history. Whether or not one chooses to accept the historicity of the creation accounts makes no difference with this issue. The original audience understood the Genesis creation accounts as describing a historical event based on the wayyiqtol narrative structure.

Polemical Elements in the Genesis Creation Accounts

Certain parts of the Genesis creation texts not only diverge from Egyptian concepts but they also form a polemic against the Egyptian gods. The scope of this paper does not permit an exhaustive listing of the polemical elements in the Genesis creation accounts. However, a few will be mentioned.

God’s creation of light on day one before the creation of the luminaries on day four forms a polemic against Atum-Re, the sun god. This shows that the source of light does not originate with the sun or the moon (i.e. Re, the sun-god or Thoth, the moon-god), but with the Hebrew God who is distinct from the light and the creation.

Another polemical element is found in the fact that the author does not name the sun and the moon. He simply refers to them as the ‘greater light’ and the ‘lesser light.’ If he intended to merely demythologize the luminaries, he could have used the Hebrew vm#v# ‘sun’ and j^r@y` ‘moon.’ By not naming the sun and the moon, he further distances them from the deities attributed to them in Egypt.

The polemical elements in the Genesis creation accounts imply that the author saw a need for his audience to understand that Yahweh, and not the Egyptian gods, is the one true God and Creator of the world. For example, a major component of the Exodus narrative concerns the battle between Yahweh, and the Egyptian gods (Pharaoh himself being the sun-god incarnate). In the context of the slaying of the first-born in Egypt Yahweh declares in Exodus 12:12, “against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments.” During the birth of Israel as a nation, the Hebrews saw the Egyptian gods, not the Babylonian, as opposing Yahweh. Therefore, a creation polemic that establishes Yahweh as creator in place of the Egyptian gods seems more plausible than one that opposes the Babylonian gods.

The presence of two creation stories in Genesis may result from the need of the Hebrews to refute the two Egyptian creation traditions, namely, the tradition of how the cosmos came into being, and the tradition of how humans and animals came into being. One creation story would not suffice to argue against the views in Egypt since the Egyptians saw the creation of the universe and the creation of humans in two distinct ways, namely, creation by divine word, and creation by forming. In order to sufficiently argue against both, two creation accounts were needed.

Genesis 1:1-2:3 portrays Elohim as creating the cosmos by his spoken word. Although the creation of man and woman becomes God’s crowning achievement in his creation week, the specifics of how he made them receives little mention other than their creation as the image of God. For a more detailed account of man and woman’s creation, the reader must consult the second Genesis creation account.

Genesis 2:4-25 shows Yahweh-Elohim creating man and animals from the earth. Yahweh-Elohim forms man out of the earth and breathes into him the “breath of life.”

Through the two creation accounts, Yahweh-Elohim is shown to be superior to the gods of Egypt. He creates by divine word, yet remains transcendent. Unlike Ptah, he does not have to embody the creation to command it, neither does he require assistance from another god or demiurge. He simply speaks and/or acts, and the creation is completed. He also creates by forming man out of the earth. Unlike Khnum, he does not require the aid of a consort. He creates the man and breathes life into him. Thus, through the two creation accounts, Yahweh-Elohim demonstrates his ability to perform all the creative acts of the Egyptian gods.

The evidence has shown the use of Egyptian creation imagery within the Genesis creation accounts.  However, rather than discrediting the Genesis creation accounts as a direct borrowing of Egyptian beliefs, the evidence shows that the author/redactor(s) possessed a knowledge Egyptian beliefs and argued against those concepts that were contrary to truth. 

Conclusion

In conclusion, the author/redactor(s) of the Genesis creation accounts share certain concepts of the makeup of the world with other ancient Near Eastern cultures. However, it is especially with Egypt’s worldview that the author/redactor(s) are familiar. Evidence for this lies in the many allusions to Egyptian creation motifs throughout the Genesis creation accounts. But, rather than being a case of direct borrowing, they demythologize the Egyptian concepts and form a polemic against the Egyptian gods. Thus, they elevate Yahweh-Elohim as the one true God, who is transcendent and who is all powerful. He speaks his desire and it comes to pass. He does not require the assistance of other gods to perform the acts of creation. He alone possesses the power and means necessary to effect the creation of the world. This paper has compiled a list of the more significant parallels between Egyptian cosmology and the Genesis creation accounts, and has shown that Egyptian cosmology and the Genesis creation accounts share more affinity with one another than the Genesis creation accounts share with Babylonian cosmology.
http://bible.org/article/genesis-1-2-light-ancient-egyptian-creation-myths - http://bible.org/article/genesis-1-2-light-ancient-egyptian-creation-myths





 


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What a handsome figure of a dragon. No wonder I fall madly in love with the Alani Dragon now, the avatar, it's a gorgeous dragon picture.


Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 20-Oct-2011 at 05:20
Good stuff Alani and I appreciate your bringing it to my attention.
 
I have perused.. in the past... several similar dissertations and opinions. Unfortunately, all this does is to confirm that which I and DQ for example can agree and disagree on. That outside influences have had an impact on Hebrew theology as it developed and subsequently effected Christianity. To include possibly Egyptian. The question remains to what degree. If at all.
 
It still does not however give me enough.... even with the purported (author's conjecture-analysis and opinion) similarities vs. dissimilarities to change my opinion at this time... if for no other reason then that stated in the conclusion: ''But, rather than being a case of direct borrowing, they demythologize the Egyptian concepts and form a polemic against the Egyptian gods.''
 
This remains an indicator, to me, that the Egyptian influence while certainly there for the taking was rejected as the Hebrews continued to develop their doctrine as prescribed by their founding patriarchs. On this the author and I can agree....even though I challenge the contention that he makes as to a  dominant superiority over other theologies in the region.
 
That there will be periods of/in the then and now... that apostasies were to occur is immaterial... imo...to the development as a whole that was to eventually impact Christianity.
 
Thanks again.


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"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: medenaywe
Date Posted: 20-Oct-2011 at 05:36
Here you have all those ancient Egyptian myths translated in original so just compare them with Bible:
http://www.egyptianmyths.net/ - http://www.egyptianmyths.net/


Posted By: TheAlaniDragonRising
Date Posted: 20-Oct-2011 at 07:00
Instruction of Amenemope (also called Instructions of AmenemopetWisdom of Amenemopet) is a literary work composed in  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypt - Ancient Egypt , most likely during the  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramesside_Period - Ramesside Period  (ca. 1300–1075 BC); it contains thirty chapters of advice for successful living, ostensibly written by the scribe  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemope_%28author%29 - Amenemope son of Kanakht  as a legacy for his son. A characteristic product of the  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Kingdom - New Kingdom  “Age of Personal Piety”, the work reflects on the inner qualities, attitudes, and behaviors required for a happy life in the face of increasingly difficult social and economic circumstances. It is widely regarded as one of the masterpieces of ancient near-eastern  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisdom_literature - wisdom literature  and has been of particular interest to modern scholars because of its relationship to the biblical  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Proverbs - Book of Proverbs .
http://www.perankhgroup.com/Amenemope.htm - http://www.perankhgroup.com/Amenemope.htm


There has been a consensus among scholars that there is a crossover of some Egyptian and Assyrian nature in the proverbs from The  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instructions_of_Amenemopet - Instructions of Amenemopet  and  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahiqar - Ahiqar .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Proverbs#Influences - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Proverbs#Influences

The Words of the Wise: Introduction and Sayings About Wealth and Station (Proverbs 22:17?23:11)  http://bible.ucg.org/bible-commentary/Proverbs/Words-of-the-Wise/default.aspx">English Standard Version Online Bible

Proverbs 22:17 marks a clear change in the book. Instead of the one-verse units of the major Solomonic collection, we now have multiple-verse units. With a new section, we would expect a new title or subheading. And verse 17 appears to give us just that in referring to what follows as "the words of the wise"?a general distinction for collected wisdom. This section appears to continue until 24:22, as 24:23 denotes yet another section, possibly an appendix to this section, with the words "These things also belong to the wise." Furthermore, this section of sayings from the wise (22:17?24:22)?mainly the first part (22:17?23:11)?bears some striking similarity to the Egyptian "Instruction of Amenemope." Amenemope, sometimes spelled Amen-em-opet, was a superintendent of agriculture and taxation writing to his youngest son on keys to success in life and in profession as a court official.

As noted in our introduction, it is not clear which writing came first, whether this section of Proverbs or the Egyptian work. In any case, one seems to have influenced the other. We will note some similarities along the way. In doing so, we should realize that the Egyptian wisdom text, mired in pagan references, is not inspired literature, as is the book of Proverbs. Nevertheless, the Egyptian text helps to demonstrate the ancient provenance of the biblical book as well as the relationship between Israelite wisdom and that of the wider region, just as the Bible describes of Solomon (see 1 Kings 4:29-34).

The introductory call to attention in Proverbs 22:17-21 "is laid out with the exhortation to learn and pass on the teaching (v. 17), followed by three motivations: (1) there will be a pleasing store of wisdom (v. 18); (2) there will be a deeper trust in the Lord?a distinctively Israelite aspect of wisdom literature (v. 19); and (3) it will build reliability?he will grasp the truth (v. 20) and see himself as a special envoy to keep wisdom in his heart and on his lips (v. 21)" (Expositor's Bible Commentary, note on verses 17-21).

The latter point here is stated in verse 21 this way: "That I may make you know the certainty of the words of truth, that you may answer words of truth to those who send to you [or 'to him who sent you,' NIV]." Likewise the purpose of Amenemope is: "To know how to refute the accusation of [or 'to return an answer to'] the one who made it, and to send back a reply to the one who wrote [or 'to the one who sent you']; to set one straight on the paths of life" (intro., 1:5-7, William Simpson, editor, The Literature of Ancient Egypt: An Anthology of Stories, Instructions, and Poetry, 1973, p. 242). Within brackets here are alternate translations as footnoted in the cited source. (The complete "Instruction of Amenemope," same translation but without footnotes, is online at http://touregypt.net/instructionofamenemope.htm.)

In verse 20, "excellent things" in the KJV and NKJV is apparently incorrect. The Hebrew word here, difficult because of the uniqueness of form, is shlshwm (consonants only), which some take to be a poetic or plural form of "three" (shlsh) or "third" (shlyshy). Most scholars, though, emend the text or consider the word another form of "thirty" (shlshym orshlwshym)?compare "thirty sayings" in the NIV. This is mainly because of the affinity of the text with Amenemope, which consists of an introduction followed by 30 short chapters, coupled with the fact that Proverbs 22:17?24:22 can reasonably be divided into an introduction followed by 30 sayings. It should be noted, though, that it is also possible to divide the text into three sections?the first, resembling Amenemope in content (22:17?23:11), and two other sections marked by the use of "My son." Some claim that "third" is meant to introduce the third section of the book?following the prologue (Proverbs 1?9) and Solomon's major collection (10:1?22:16). Still, 30 seems reasonable. Note the following apparent divisions, which should not be considered definitive (others group them slightly differently). Most of the 30 subject titles are from Expositor's:(View Table of  http://www.ucg.org/brp/materials/proverbs/pro22sayingswise.jpg - "Thirty Sayings of the Wise" ).

We start, then, with ten sayings about wealth and station (22:22?23:11).

Saying 1: Treatment of the Poor (22:22-23). Personal prosperity must not come through the mistreatment of others. This first saying forms an inclusio with the 10th saying (23:10-11) in that both warn against plundering the poor with the threat that God will plead their cause, acting as their avenger. Amenemope makes numerous statements against dishonest gain and expresses special divine concern for treatment of the poor and downtrodden, saying, "Beware of stealing from a miserable [i.e., poor] man and of raging against the cripple [or the weak]" (chap. 2, 4:4-5) and "God loves him who cares for the poor, more than him who respects the wealthy" (chap. 28, 26:4-5).

Saying 2: Dangerous Associations (22:24-25). Friendship with a hothead is a bad idea. This concept is found throughout the Instruction of Amenemope. Indeed, "the contrast between the intemperate, hot-headed man and the tranquil, truly silent man is one of the main themes in the text" (Simpson, p. 241). Note, for example, "Do not fraternize with the hot-tempered man, nor approach him to converse" (chap. 9, 11:13-14).

Saying 3: Rash Vows (22:26-27). We mustn't be too quick to make deals?particularly when it comes to standing surety for others, as we've seen in other verses (compare 6:1-5; 11:15; 17:18; 20:16). We could lose everything?one's bed here meaning his last possession (such as today speaking of "the kitchen sink" or "the shirt off one's back"). There is no parallel to this in the Egyptian material.

Saying 4: Respect for Property (22:28). As Expositor's notes on this verse: " The sage warns against appropriating someone else's property (see also Amenemope, ch. 6, 7:12-13 ['Do not displace the surveyor's marker on the boundaries of arable land, nor alter the position of the measuring line. Do not be greedy for a plot of land'])....(...see Deut 19:14; 27:17...Hos 5:10). The boundaries were sacred because God owned the land and had given it to the fathers as their inheritance; to extend one's land at another's expense was a major violation of covenant and oath. Of course, property disputes and wars ancient and modern arise because both sides can point to times when their ancestors owned the land." A specification of this point is made in the 10th saying (Proverbs 23:10-11).

Saying 5: Benefits of Skill (22:29). A person skilled in his work will be recognized and rewarded with advancement. Those who are the best at what they do will rise to the top?working even for rulers. Of course, as with other proverbs, this is a general principle. Other factors will bear on actual experience. The Instruction of Amenemope says: "As to a scribe who is experienced [skilled through practice] in his position, he will find himself worthy of being a courtier [i.e., one in attendance at a royal court]" (chap. 30, 27:16-17).

Saying 6: Caution Before Rulers (23:1-3). The previous saying spoke of promotion to standing before kings. The current saying gives a caution about being in such a position. Here a courtier at a banquet is told to keep his eyes on what's in front of him. This may literally mean not staring about the table or at the ruler with a view to feasting?though it could be a metaphor for keeping in mind what's really going on. "Put a knife to your throat" in this context means "curb your appetite" or "control yourself." The instruction here was perhaps a point of proper etiquette at court in ancient times, but the reason given goes beyond that. Deceptive food here probably implies more than the fact that too much rich food can make you ill. A ruler often draws a person in because he has ulterior motives. " The ruler's food may be 'deceptive'...it is not what it seems. So the warning is not to indulge in his impressive feast?the ruler wants something from you or is observing you....The Mishnah (Aboth 2:3) quotes Gamaliel as warning that a ruler only draws you into court for his purpose, but in your day of trouble he will not be there" (Expositor's, note on verses 1-3). The New American Commentary notes: "The rich do not give away their favors for free. They want something in return, and it is generally much more than what they have invested. One can lose one's own soul in the exchange."

As noted in our introduction, there is correspondence here to both the Egyptian Instruction of Ptah-hotep and Amenemope. Quoting from Ptah-hotep in Wilson's translation: "If you are one of the guests at the table of one who is greater than you, accept what he gives when it is set before you. Look at what is before you and do not pierce him / with much staring, for to annoy him is an abomination of the spirit. Do not speak to him until he calls, for no one knows what may be displeasing" (maxim 7, 6:13?7:3, p. 162). And from Amenemope, as translated by Trevor Longman, How to Read Proverbs: "Do not eat in the presence of an official and then set your mouth before (him). If you are sated pretend to chew. Content yourself with your saliva. Look at the bowl that is before you, and let it serve your needs. An official is great in his office, as well as rich in drawings of water" (chap. 23, 23:13-20, p. 75).

The eighth saying (Proverbs 23:6-8) also speaks of avoiding delicacies in certain company.

Saying 7: Fleeting Wealth (23:4-5). This saying about not striving too hard after wealth, because of its fleeting nature, is the closest in correspondence between the book of Proverbs and the Instruction of Amenemope, and perhaps best illustrates the influence of one work on the other. Note especially the end of this saying in Amenemope: "Do not set your heart on seeking riches....Do not exert yourself to seek out excess and your wealth will prosper for you [or 'your own property is good enough for you']; if riches come to you by theft they will not spend the night with you; as soon as day breaks they will not be in your household; although their places can be seen, they are not there. When the earth opens up its mouth, it levels him [or them] and swallows him [or them] up, and it drowns him [or them] in the deep; they have made for themselves a great hole which suits them [i.e., is as large as they are]. And they have sunk themselves in the tomb; or they have made themselves wings like geese, and they fly up to the sky" (chap. 7, 9:10?10:5). So very true?and thus it's foolish to be slave to this pursuit (see also Luke 12:20; 1 Timothy 6:7-10).

Saying 8: Unpleasant Hospitality (23:6-8). These verses show the worthlessness of cultivating friendship with a stingy person. (The word for "miser" here literally means "one who has an evil eye"?in contrast to the generous person, literally "he who has a good eye," in 22:9). In 23:6 we see repeated the phrase from saying 6 (23:3) that we not desire such a person's delicacies. A stingy person offering you anything has nothing to do with kindness toward you. He clearly must be using you. Your attempts at friendship are therefore wasted effort. This specific lesson is not related in the Egyptian literature. Some attempt to use the first colon of verse 7 as an example of "you are what you think," in the context of the power of positive thinking. Yet, as scholars acknowledge, the Hebrew here is difficult and probably should not be translated the way it is written in the King James and New King James Versions. In any case, there is nothing at all positive about the context here, as it concerns the deceitful intentions of the miser.

Saying 9: Wisdom Wasted on a Fool (23:9). This verse is related to the former saying in the sense of telling a person something being wasted effort. The wording here does not mean we should never say anything in a fool's presence. It is a caution to be sparing. Why take time for a lengthy explanation when you know the person won't care what you say? As Jesus told us, we should not cast our pearls before swine (Matthew 7:6). In this "there is no specific connection to Egyptian literature, but the general concept was there that a fool rejected discipline and instruction, often scorning the teacher who tried to change him" (Expositor's,note on verse 9).

Saying 10: Respect the Poor's Property (23:10-11). This is the closing frame of the inclusio opened in the first saying (22:22-23), warning against stealing from the lowly with the threat of God acting as their advocate, redeemer and avenger. In this case the mistreatment of the poor (here the fatherless) is perpetrated through removing ancient boundary markers to take possession of their fields. Saying 4 (22:28) explicitly concerns not removing such boundary markers. And regarding it we noted corresponding verses in Amenemope, as we do here again: "Do not displace the surveyor's marker on the boundaries of arable land, nor alter the position of the measuring line. Do not be greedy for a plot of land..." (chap. 6, 7:12-13). Moreover, Amenemope continues in the next line, "...nor overturn the boundaries of a widow" (7:14), tying in more closely with this 10th saying in Proverbs.

Continuing in the Egyptian text, consequences for taking over the fields of others are warned of immediately following: "To one who has done this on earth, pay attention, for he is a weak enemy; he is an enemy overturned inside himself; life is taken from his eye; his household is hostile to the community, his storerooms are toppled over, his property taken from his children, and to someone else his possessions given. Take care not to topple over the boundary marks of the arable land, not fearing that you will be brought to court; man propitiates God by the might of the Lord when he sets straight the boundaries of the arable land. Desire, then, to make yourself prosper, and take care for the Lord of All; do not trample on the furrow of someone else, their good order will be profitable for you" (8:1-16).

With the 10th saying of the wise the close correspondence with the Egyptian text ceases.

Words of the Wise Cont'd: An Obedient Son (Proverbs 23:12?24:4)  http://bible.ucg.org/bible-commentary/Proverbs/Words-of-the-Wise/default.aspx">English Standard Version Online Bible

Saying 11: Attend to Learning (23:12). Some see this verse as a call to attention to hear the instruction in the next verse or in this section, which is cast as parental instruction. Yet this imperative likely applies to instruction generally throughout one's whole life.

Saying 12: Necessity of Discipline (23:13-14). As with other such verses, this one establishes the need for parental discipline but does not mandate the rod as a first recourse. Yet it does reassure parents that this can be an acceptable means of correction. The point ultimately is to save the child from wrong ways leading to death?the Hebrew word for "hell" in verse 14 being sheol, the grave. The Assyrian "Words of Ahiqar," written around 700 B.C. (in the time of King Hezekiah of Judah) as noted in our introduction, follows with similar instruction: "Spare not your son from the rod; otherwise, can you save him?" (quoted by Longman, p. 69).

Saying 13: Wise and Joyful Speech (23:15-16). Parents rejoice in their children's right words and conduct (see also verses 24-25). And pleasing parents is a good motivator for the young. The four lines in verses 15-16 are arranged in a chiastic structure?the outer lines parallel and the inner lines parallel (a-b-b-a), so that a wise heart equates to speaking right things. As Jesus said, "For out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaks" (Matthew 12:34).

Saying 14: Fear the Lord (23:17-18). A major concern of parents is their instruction being undermined by wayward peers or bad role models. So parents must, as in this verse, instruct their children in the fear of the Lord, which will keep them in the right way "all the day"?even when the parents aren't around. If in spite of the obstacles we develop this proper reverence for God, a wonderful future awaits us. Where the KJV has "end," the NKJV specifies "hereafter"?implying life in God's Kingdom. Other versions have "future," the translators arguing that Proverbs speaks of blessed life now, not in the hereafter. Perhaps both ideas are included?a great life in this age and on into the age to come.

Saying 15: Poor Associations (23:19-21). Drunkenness and gluttony are both condemned, representing the epitome of a lack of discipline. Wine and other alcoholic beverages in moderation are approved of in Scripture, but drunkenness is a sin?as is gluttony, though the former is certainly worse because of the impact it has on the brain and on others. Drunkards and gluttons are both bad influences and will most likely not cease to bring trouble and grief to associates, even those who disapprove of their behavior. If we are already friends with such people, we should try to help them to overcome their problem. But if they refuse or falsely repent again and again, particularly in the case of drunkards, it would be wiser to sever the friendship.

Saying 16: Learn and Keep Truth (23:22-25). Some take verse 22 as an independent verse on listening to parents, but the context here appears to continue until verse 25. Listening to parents corresponds to, in verse 23, striving for truth (including wisdom, instruction and understanding) and holding on to it. "Buy the truth, and do not sell it" is sometimes seen as a prohibition against selling religious books, even Bibles. But this is not the point of the verse. The meaning is that we are to expend all we must to gain true knowledge and, once gained, never sell it away?for any price. The New Century Version paraphrases this as "Learn the truth and never reject it." The Contemporary English Version renders the whole verse this way: "Invest in truth and wisdom, discipline and good sense, and don't part with them." Those who follow this counsel will bring great joy to parents?again given here as a motivator to do what's right (verses 24-25; compare verses 15-16).

Saying 17: Shunning the Temptress (23:26-28). Parental instruction continues here regarding sexual immorality. Compare similar warnings in the prologue of Proverbs (chapters 1?9) and 22:14, where the harlot's mouth is called a "deep pit." Some commentators believe the third and last section of the Words of the Wise begins with this saying or the next one?regarding the last section as miscellaneous in content.

Saying 18: Excessive Drinking (23:29-35). Saying 15 (verses 19-21) warns against associating with drunkards and gluttons. This saying warns against being a drunkard oneself.The New American Commentary says on this unit: "This poem is a small masterpiece; it is surely the most effective combination lampoon and lament over the sorry state of the drunkard....The text describes with profound accuracy and bite the pathetic physical and emotional decline of those addicted to alcohol. Wine [in excess] (and in modern society, illicit drugs) brings physical pain and debilitation, exhausts one's resources, takes away mental acuity, and yet leaves one craving for more of the same. 'Lingering over' alcohol (vv. 30-31) describes those who derive comfort and security in knowing that a glass of wine is at hand, ready to deaden the senses. In the end, however, it only leaves people more confused and in deeper pain than ever before (vv. 32-35a)."

Saying 19: Evil Associations (24:1-2). Whereas saying 14 (23:17-18) invokes the future in discouraging the envy of sinners, this saying just says not to envy them or want to be with them because they are up to no good. The point is to see what they're really all about?and to not want any part of that. A benefit of moral learning is that one comes to hate and reject evil simply because it is evil.

Saying 20: Reward of Wisdom (24:3-4). Verse 3 says that through wisdom a house is built. Some take this as a dwelling place or a household, a family. However, verse 4 says the rooms are filled with riches. While this could be a domestic abode, taken together the verses seem to speak of a treasure house. This may correspond to the conclusion of the first chapter of the Instruction of Amenemope: "If you spend a lifetime with these things in your heart, you will find it good fortune; you will discover my words to be a treasure house of life, and your body will flourish upon earth" (3:17?4:2). In both cases, it is most likely that the treasures are metaphorical for wonderful understanding and rich blessings in life?especially in light of saying 7 about not setting one's eyes on material wealth (Proverbs 23:4-5). Of course, as in other proverbs, the blessings may include material increase. And ultimately, as noted elsewhere, all of God's people will jointly possess all things?the whole universe.

http://bible.ucg.org/bible-commentary/Proverbs/Words-of-the-Wise/default.aspx - http://bible.ucg.org/bible-commentary/Proverbs/Words-of-the-Wise/default.aspx



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What a handsome figure of a dragon. No wonder I fall madly in love with the Alani Dragon now, the avatar, it's a gorgeous dragon picture.


Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 20-Oct-2011 at 16:00
Originally posted by Centrix Vigilis

Here, the Christian Paradise is a copy of the Egyptian one, not Nirvana.
Sorry DQ.... it questionably might merely be semantics on my part but the above... imo... infers a uniqueness established by yourself when ya state... the Christian Paradise is a copy of the Egyptian one......it then follows logically that an assignment of superiority is thus also to be inferred if not directly..as you so state.... but ntl presents itself obliquely.
As Christianity first and foremost.... remains essentially a Hebrew offshoot with later significant divisions and separations and even additons of other cultures to include the paganistic. No arguement there.  And while I note it has been influenced by others thru the Hebrew development.
I will continue to reject a significant or at this point even a moderate nexus of the Egyptian. As I remain not satisfied that a serious nexus between the Hebrew exists with the Egyptian given my understanding of the sources which would define the developement of Hebrew doctrine.
 
We agree but disagree.Wink
 
But as usual, a fine discourse which I continue to appreciate.Smile

No, I didn't infer uniqueness - in fact the idea for Paradise is a Mesopotamian one, with Eden, and most probably passed in Egypt from there together with the Dying God /Dumuzi/ who became Osiris in Egypt. I may as well say that the Egyptian Paradise is a copy of the Mesopotamian .just the Egyptians put it backwards - you get it after you die, and it you fit the bill - Mesopotamian didn't have this nuance/ - just an old idea that traveled back and forth in time.

Semantics can be very slippery surface in inter-cultural communication an bring major misunderstandings, so if the word "copy" bothers you I can use "borrowing' or "reused idea"Smile. I didn't mean any of the logical followings you mentioned as coming from the word "copy" - I used it in the meaning of "culturally borrowed idea".

Yes, Christianity is a logical continuation of Judaism - I said this several times, and Judaism is a offshoot of Mesopotamian mythology. As for which nexus exist - I'm not interested in nexuses only in inherited influences, random and equal. I don't even use the word "nexus" because it implies superiority of the influence.

When it comes to Christianity as a religious philosophy, the Greek element there is far stronger than the Hebrew one - as the Greko-Alexandrian philosophical schools like  Agustin, Tertullian etc built a religious edifice out of 4 gospels that say what Jesus supposedly said; so, there is a big difference between Christianity as it's nut and the philosophy of it which I IMHO is more Greek that Jewish. This is not a nexus either - this is the fact that the message of 4 obscure gospels written in Greek to start with were taken by professional philosophers versed in Greek ways and moled according to those ways - there is more Plato in Augustine that anything else.


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Posted By: medenaywe
Date Posted: 30-Oct-2011 at 06:41
Originally posted by Karalem

Originally posted by Don Quixote


I beleive Jesus was real person, a morality teacher, who ended up crucified - but was divinized as part of what he really though about himself - which is not a news, the ressurrection had been around since the Babylonian Dumuzi, and had been rehashed and served in a Judaic context - there is nothing new to that. In the same way pagan god and holidays turned into Christian saints and Easter, Christmas, etc. So, what Jesus came up with wasn't new nor original - just an ordinary person was turned into a Dying God http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dying_god - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dying_god   because people are attracted to simple and hopeful answers to the basic question of the rapaciousness and ephemerality of life. people create gods, not vice versa - this is my opinion anyway.


He might have been a preacher, but to become martyr he needed more than just walking the streets and shouting slogans. He preached in Judea, but was a Galilean. He was crucified for preaching, but Judea around that time went through a series of rebellions against Rome. Why did he preach against rabbinic Judaism?

  First opposition party in my country after socialism fail did the same Karalem!But heavens are so far away from here!Except for those that have passed away from here (dead indeed!)without posts on Facebook,Heavens department.LOL


Posted By: TheAlaniDragonRising
Date Posted: 30-Oct-2011 at 07:15
Originally posted by Don Quixote

Originally posted by Centrix Vigilis

Here, the Christian Paradise is a copy of the Egyptian one, not Nirvana.
Sorry DQ.... it questionably might merely be semantics on my part but the above... imo... infers a uniqueness established by yourself when ya state... the Christian Paradise is a copy of the Egyptian one......it then follows logically that an assignment of superiority is thus also to be inferred if not directly..as you so state.... but ntl presents itself obliquely.
As Christianity first and foremost.... remains essentially a Hebrew offshoot with later significant divisions and separations and even additons of other cultures to include the paganistic. No arguement there.  And while I note it has been influenced by others thru the Hebrew development.
I will continue to reject a significant or at this point even a moderate nexus of the Egyptian. As I remain not satisfied that a serious nexus between the Hebrew exists with the Egyptian given my understanding of the sources which would define the developement of Hebrew doctrine.
 
We agree but disagree.Wink
 
But as usual, a fine discourse which I continue to appreciate.Smile

No, I didn't infer uniqueness - in fact the idea for Paradise is a Mesopotamian one, with Eden, and most probably passed in Egypt from there together with the Dying God /Dumuzi/ who became Osiris in Egypt. I may as well say that the Egyptian Paradise is a copy of the Mesopotamian .just the Egyptians put it backwards - you get it after you die, and it you fit the bill - Mesopotamian didn't have this nuance/ - just an old idea that traveled back and forth in time.

Semantics can be very slippery surface in inter-cultural communication an bring major misunderstandings, so if the word "copy" bothers you I can use "borrowing' or "reused idea"Smile. I didn't mean any of the logical followings you mentioned as coming from the word "copy" - I used it in the meaning of "culturally borrowed idea".

Yes, Christianity is a logical continuation of Judaism - I said this several times, and Judaism is a offshoot of Mesopotamian mythology. As for which nexus exist - I'm not interested in nexuses only in inherited influences, random and equal. I don't even use the word "nexus" because it implies superiority of the influence.

When it comes to Christianity as a religious philosophy, the Greek element there is far stronger than the Hebrew one - as the Greko-Alexandrian philosophical schools like  Agustin, Tertullian etc built a religious edifice out of 4 gospels that say what Jesus supposedly said; so, there is a big difference between Christianity as it's nut and the philosophy of it which I IMHO is more Greek that Jewish. This is not a nexus either - this is the fact that the message of 4 obscure gospels written in Greek to start with were taken by professional philosophers versed in Greek ways and moled according to those ways - there is more Plato in Augustine that anything else.

I remember in the past reading quite a bit about how Greek Philosophy has influenced Christianity, and have found something on it here:


Early Christians were slow to develop a distinctly Christian philosophy. When they did, their philosophical environment was Neo-Platonic. This mind-set directly influenced the historic development of Christian philosophy and theology.

Flavius Justinus (Martyr), ca. 100-164, admired Plato's philosophy and used some Platonic terms, but not necessarily with Platonic meaning. Tatian, a pupil of Justin Martyr, did not share his teacher's admiration for Greek philosophy; he believed that if the Greeks possessed any truth, they must have received it from The Scriptures.

Theophilus of Antoch, who wrote Ad Autolycum, esteemed Plato. Minucius Felix, a Latin apologist, held that the philosophers had at least recognized some truths.

It was in the catechetical school at Alexandria, however, that philosophy gained its greatest influence in Christian theology. Titus Flavius Clemens (Clement of Alexandria), born ca. 150 A.D., was the first of what might be called the Christian philosophers. Though he rejected the crude speculations of the Sophists, he held firmly to the belief that philosophy held an element of truth. He taught that the passages of Scripture that declare the insufficiency of human wisdom and that warn against being spoiled by philosophy applied only to empty Sophism and Epicureanism, but not to what he considered the best of philosophy. He maintained that philosophy brought the Greek mind to Christ, just as the Law brought the Hebrew to Him. To Clement, philosophy provided a natural framework for the expression of truth (Stromata I:3, 5, 11).

Having devoted most of Book One and some of the remaining sections of his Stromata to a defense of his philosophical approach, Clement proceeded to build on a Neo-Platonic metaphysical foundation what was intended to be a Christian philosophy. To him, the God of the Christians is the God of Plato, now worshiped by Christians more perfectly than by the Greeks. According to Clement, Plato plagiarized revelation from the Hebrews; this gave the Athenian's highest ideas a flavor of divine authority in the estimation of Clement.

What began in Clement was expanded in one of his pupils, Origen (ca.185 - 254). To Origen, sin is negative, a privation (which makes man the victim of sin rather than its responsible cause).

The prevalence of dualistic ideas provoked controversies in the Church. Tertullian (ca. 155 - 222) vigorously opposed the intrusion of Neo-Platonic philosophy into Christian doctrine. His cry was "free Jerusalem from Athens and the church of Christ from the Academy of Plato." Historically, it was the attitude of Clement, not of Tertullian, that won out in ecclesiastical Christianity.

In the Third Century A. D., Paul of Samosata, Bishop of Antioch, taught that God, being One, could not appear substantially on earth; therefore He could not have become man in Jesus Christ, but rather filled the man, Jesus, with His Logos and power. Lucian of Antioch, his follower, believed that the Logos became man in Christ; however, Lucian's Logos was a lower, created essence and not fully God.

Arius, one of Lucian's pupils, fully absorbed Lucian's Logos concept. In 311 A. D. Arius was ordained a presbyter in the church at Alexandria. After several years of controversy, Arius was excommunicated. Because many of the clergy sympathized with his views, a struggle was precipitated that threatened to split Christianity. The emperor Constantine became alarmed. The result was the Council Of Nicaea (A.D. 325). Christ was declared to be of the same substance as the Father. This settled the matter officially, but not historically.

Eusebius of Caesarea (ca. 265 - 340) agreed with Clement of Alexandria regarding the value of philosophy. He believed that Plato had been enlightened by God and was in agreement with Moses....

http://www.gospeltruth.net/gkphilo.htm - http://www.gospeltruth.net/gkphilo.htm



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What a handsome figure of a dragon. No wonder I fall madly in love with the Alani Dragon now, the avatar, it's a gorgeous dragon picture.


Posted By: Nick1986
Date Posted: 12-Apr-2012 at 21:07
Though highly unlikely, it is possible Christ survived being crucified. Indian fakirs can enter trances to appear dead (aided by intoxicants), sometimes for days. Jesus' family may have bribed the Romans to take him down then brought him to the tomb where he was revived by his most trusted disciple: not Peter or St Mark, but Mary Magdalene

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Me Grimlock not nice Dino! Me bash brains!


Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 12-Apr-2012 at 22:23
Revisionism...secularisation attacks to destroy Christianity...Dan brown fantasy...did not work then... don't work now.
 
 
No data... no evidence.... merely speculation based on revisionist interpretation.
 
BUT....the reason why I admire my English moderator associate, fellow member of AE and friend.... is that he requires...desires... and deliberately chooses to make YOU think.
 
even mLOLe....
 
And for that, as far as I am concerned... he remains and continues to gain high marks.Big smile
 
 
 


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"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 13-Apr-2012 at 00:10
Well, the Romans developed the art of killing humans through crucifiction to a fine art, I doubt very much that anyone would survive it. Besides Jesus was pierced in the side, which punctures his lung, no one would survive such an injury in those times, he would die from infection even if surviving everything else. I don't think being crucified is survivable anyway; and he already had 40 lashes, which would bleed and infect him a great deal; so, if by some miracle he survived the wounds, and wasn't pierced in the side, he would die from infections anyway - he had too many injuries to cure without the help of antibiotics.

The only way that is plausible, IMHO, if is one adopt the Monophysite theory that he had only one nature, a divine one, so then he couldn't have died in the first place - but this is theological, not historical POV.


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Posted By: lirelou
Date Posted: 13-Apr-2012 at 09:37
C.V., Were some concrete irrefutable evidence to be uncovered that the historical 'Jesus' traveled as far as the India of his time to study Buddhism, it wouldn't alter the fact that his followers founded a new religion, and that Jesus himself was a practicing Jew. Ergo, Christianity would go on as it is.

The problem with any subject that touches upon religion or religious figures is that posters are expected to respond using reason to debate or touch upon subjects based upon faith.  






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Phong trần mài một lưỡi gươm, Những loài giá áo túi cơm sá gì


Posted By: Leroy
Date Posted: 13-Apr-2012 at 14:21
Yes, Jesus was a Buddhist and the Cult of the Virgin Mary was based on that of Isis and other mother goddesses because http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post_hoc_ergo_propter_hoc - correlation equals causation – obviously. Really, why attempt to judge a thing on its own merits when we can base it on parallel origins? Historical accuracy and logical thinking be buggered.


Posted By: Nick1986
Date Posted: 13-Apr-2012 at 20:22
Originally posted by Don Quixote

Well, the Romans developed the art of killing humans through crucifiction to a fine art, I doubt very much that anyone would survive it. Besides Jesus was pierced in the side, which punctures his lung, no one would survive such an injury in those times, he would die from infection even if surviving everything else. I don't think being crucified is survivable anyway; and he already had 40 lashes, which would bleed and infect him a great deal; so, if by some miracle he survived the wounds, and wasn't pierced in the side, he would die from infections anyway - he had too many injuries to cure without the help of antibiotics.

The only way that is plausible, IMHO, if is one adopt the Monophysite theory that he had only one nature, a divine one, so then he couldn't have died in the first place - but this is theological, not historical POV.

The Romans used salt water to clean wounds: a very simple antibiotic. They also had primitive anaesthetics, most notably wine mixed with myrrh


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Me Grimlock not nice Dino! Me bash brains!


Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 13-Apr-2012 at 23:55
Originally posted by Leroy

Yes, Jesus was a Buddhist and the Cult of the Virgin Mary was based on that of Isis and other mother goddesses because http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post_hoc_ergo_propter_hoc - correlation equals causation – obviously. Really, why attempt to judge a thing on its own merits when we can base it on parallel origins? Historical accuracy and logical thinking be buggered.

The cult of Mary being another aspect of mother goddesses is not based on correlation or causation, I wrote about this - it's based on human cultural-psychological archetypes http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archetype - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archetype , there is a big difference between one and the other. For the archetypes one can use Jung as a source. You may not accept this theory, this is your choice, but please don't simplify and change what I said and turn it in something else. I explained the difference between cultural borrowing and cultural-psychological archetype before addressing you, so it cannot be said I didn't make this distinction; so to bring my argument to a straw-men is not a valid argumentative technique. We are here to discuss with arguments, not to flare flame wars.

So, there is nothing in common between Jesus being Buddhist and the archetyping  Mary on Mother-Goddess cult, don't put them in one bag. Let's keep on the OP here - if you have arguments against Jesus being a Buddhist, we are welcome to share them. Sarcasm is not a fruitful method of discussing anything and don't contribute to the positive atmosphere in any given conversation - just a suggestion.


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Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 14-Apr-2012 at 00:10
Originally posted by Nick1986

Originally posted by Don Quixote

Well, the Romans developed the art of killing humans through crucifiction to a fine art, I doubt very much that anyone would survive it. Besides Jesus was pierced in the side, which punctures his lung, no one would survive such an injury in those times, he would die from infection even if surviving everything else. I don't think being crucified is survivable anyway; and he already had 40 lashes, which would bleed and infect him a great deal; so, if by some miracle he survived the wounds, and wasn't pierced in the side, he would die from infections anyway - he had too many injuries to cure without the help of antibiotics.

The only way that is plausible, IMHO, if is one adopt the Monophysite theory that he had only one nature, a divine one, so then he couldn't have died in the first place - but this is theological, not historical POV.

The Romans used salt water to clean wounds: a very simple antibiotic. They also had primitive anaesthetics, most notably wine mixed with myrrh

On wounds and injuries of the type one has after being flayed with 40 lashes, his back torn apart in 40 places and the kidnes tenderized, and the hands and feet pierced with big thick nails - they weren't using some small thin things we use now, these were nails that took hand of your palm away. Look at the size of this nail, it will tear apart every bone it went into, and then the bone would split up to it's length /a far smaller nail tears a big plank apart if nailed at once, I had played a carpenter couple of times, let alone such thick thing in live tissue/:
The heel bone and nail from the ossuary of Yehohanan. (photo credit: Courtesy of the Israel Museum. Photographer: Ilan Shtulman)
http://www.timesofisrael.com/in-a-stone-box-a-rare-trace-of-crucifixion/ - http://www.timesofisrael.com/in-a-stone-box-a-rare-trace-of-crucifixion/

The crucifiction thing was designed to kill, not just to injure or punish - it was a death sentence, nothing less, no one could survive it; if they could, it wouldn't be a death sentence.




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Posted By: Leroy
Date Posted: 14-Apr-2012 at 11:40
Don Quixote, my response was not for you but for the people in this thread and many others that point to parallels and imply a causal relation, thereby committing a logical fallacy. (So I think your accusation of me simplifying and changing your words is unfair.) To avoid the fallacy of false cause and irrelevant conclusion (genetic fallacy) we have to ask ourselves these three questions:

Is the parallel dependent or independent?

Is it consequent or antecedent?

Is it accepted by its counterpart as positive, neutral or negative?

Originally posted by Don Quixote

For the archetypes one can use Jung as a source. You may not accept this theory, this is your choice, but please don't simplify and change what I said and turn it in something else.


I do not accept any theory of a collective unconscious, or collective dreams deriving from a collective unconscious, because, besides having no scientific basis, it is, more importantly, not needed as a theory of diffusion from a common source. Archeology and anthropology sufficiently explain human similarities.


Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 14-Apr-2012 at 12:58
Well, this is your choice to accept it or not; I do accept it exactly because I find it scientifically based, and locks up with anthropological info from other sources,plus religious psychology/mythopoetic perseption of sources  like Joseph Campbell and Mircha Eliade; moreover it makes a case for we coming to the world with the idea of divinity already imprinted in our brains, so this a a possible case for creation; but this is another story. I can make a thread on it one day, because the question of archetypes, whether psychological or cultural, or both, is a very wide topic and requires much attention and sourcing.

I'm not attempting to convince you or anyone else in what I think, all I want is to be known that what I think is not because of simple case of causality; because I value you as a discussion partner and don't want gross misunderstandings from either side to obscure an interesting conversation. I suppose a direct communication with using a name would help to avoid such confusions in he futureSmile.


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Posted By: Nick1986
Date Posted: 14-Apr-2012 at 21:07
Hanging was also a death sentence, yet a few lucky people survived. Someone with a high tolerance of pain and friends in high places (like Jesus' rich uncle Joe) might have been able to cheat the executioner. No doubt Jesus would be horribly maimed (hence Thomas' ability to put his finger in the wounds) but through meditation and intervention by skilled surgeons (the men in white the women encountered in teh tomb) he would eventually heal and gain the strength to rejoin his disciples. Alternatively, someone else impersonating Christ (Judas, perhaps) might have been crucified in his place, while the real Jesus went into hiding

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Me Grimlock not nice Dino! Me bash brains!


Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 14-Apr-2012 at 21:39
So, if we accept this as a working hypothesis, is will explain why Jesus's body "vanished", and the words of the angel/angels/men-in-white not to look for a living one among the dead. It may actually make sense, and sounds no mere conspiratorial than his disciples sneaking his body out of the tomb in the dead of night. There are some apocriphal works, like the letters of Pilate to Herod and to the Roman emperor, that claim that Jesus was around and preaching, and Pilat's wife and he himself went to see him and talked with him - this would explain who this could possibly happen.

This reminds of of Herodotus' story about the Getae/Thracian god Zalmoxis - Herodotus says that Zalmoxis feigned his death, and dug himself a home in the ground, where he spend 3 years /3 again/, and everyone thought he was dead, so when he returned back everyone believed he was resurrected, so they deified him. Zalmoxis was an aspect of Orpheus, and since the Orpheic cult was about resurrection - here it is. So, if the Swoon hypothesis is true, it wouldn't be the first case of feigned death, nor the "biggest cover-up in history" as Michael Baigent claimed, because it wouldn't be anything original to start with. I may really get and read his book - I have it but I haven't read it yet.


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Posted By: Sidney
Date Posted: 15-Apr-2012 at 10:25
Originally posted by Nick1986

Hanging was also a death sentence, yet a few lucky people survived. Someone with a high tolerance of pain and friends in high places (like Jesus' rich uncle Joe) might have been able to cheat the executioner. No doubt Jesus would be horribly maimed (hence Thomas' ability to put his finger in the wounds) but through meditation and intervention by skilled surgeons (the men in white the women encountered in teh tomb) he would eventually heal and gain the strength to rejoin his disciples.


Nick, who were these few? I only know of two people claimed to have survived crucifixtion;
1. Jesus (if resurrection is classed as survival)
2. one mentioned in the Jewish historian Josephus's autobiography. After the taking of Jerusalem in September 70 AD, Josephus a Jew but also a general in the Roman army, and a friend of the emperor Titus, rescues his family, the holy books, 50 friends and 190 women and children. Later..
Part.75"....And when I was sent by Titus Caesar with Cerealins, and a thousand horsemen, to a certain village called Thecoa, in order to know whether it were a place fit for a camp, as I came back, I saw many captives crucified, and remembered three of them as my former acquaintance. I was very sorry at this in my mind, and went with tears in my eyes to Titus, and told him of them; so he immediately commanded them to be taken down, and to have the greatest care taken of them, in order to their recovery; yet two of them died under the physician's hands, while the third recovered."
http://www.sacred-texts.com/jud/josephus/autobiog.htm - http://www.sacred-texts.com/jud/josephus/autobiog.htm

There is no indication of how long the three men had been suffering before Titus ordered them realesed into the care of Josephus, nor how long it took for the one survivor to recover. However, the fact that all the care a rich jew and the friend of an emperor could give only meant one out of three survived, and yet Jesus is meant to have had only a few women with pots of oils to tend to him in a cave, suggests it highly unlikely Jesus did physically survive.


Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 15-Apr-2012 at 15:26
Another question I thought about - that if Jesus survived, he would be so broken, than he couldn't have come to his disciples and seem all well, on the opposite, a several days after his ordeal he would be unable even to walk, let alone to convince everyone that he was really resurrected, not just a broken man. So, under this working hypothesis, the disciples would be in on the scam; which would be so also under the working hypotesis that he body was stolen from the tomb by at least one of the disciples, but at least this would require 1 scamming disciple, not several of them/.

This  http://www.godandscience.org/apologetics/deathjesus.pdf - http://www.godandscience.org/apologetics/deathjesus.pdf is an article that researches the death of Jesus from medical POV, I think it's quite interesting, and in summary says that if he wasn't pierced in the chest he might have survived - but as to the time his recovery would take, it would be far longer that 3 days.


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Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 15-Apr-2012 at 20:02
I found those referrences in early Christian writings:
1. The "Apocalipse of Peter, from Hag Hammadi", 2nd century:
"...The Savior said to me, "He whom you saw on the tree, glad and laughing, this is the living Jesus. But this one into whose hands and feet they drive the nails is his fleshly part, which is the substitute being put to shame, the one who came into being in his likeness. But look at him and me."..."  http://www.gnosis.org/naghamm/apopet.html - http://www.gnosis.org/naghamm/apopet.html

Who is this "substitute" Jesus is talking about?
2. "The Acts of John" - it wasn't Gnostic, but it was forbidden as a heretic work by Augustine in 787 CE, nevertheless is was found in many monastic libraries, and now is recovered from quotes t it here and there. The parts found in Greek books were authentic, the ones found in Latin ones were edited, "...Though the Acts of John was condemned by orthodoxy as heretical, it found a perpetual place in many monastic libraries, and a large fragment survives in Greek manuscripts of widely varying date. The surviving Latin fragments, by contrast, appear to have been edited with an eye to purging all "unorthodox" content. ..."  http://www.gnosis.org/library/actjohn.htm - http://www.gnosis.org/library/actjohn.htm

"...Thou hearest that I suffered, yet did I not suffer; that I suffered not, yet did I suffer; that I was pierced, yet I was not smitten; hanged, and I was not hanged; that blood flowed from me, and it flowed not; and, in a word, what they say of me, that befell me not, but what they say not, that did I suffer. Now what those things are I signify unto thee, for I know that thou wilt understand. Perceive thou therefore in me the praising (al. slaying al. rest) of the (or a) Word (Logos), the piercing of the Word, the blood of the Word, the wound of the Word, the hanging up of the Word, the suffering of the Word, the nailing (fixing) of the Word, the death of the Word. And so speak I, separating off the manhood. Perceive thou therefore in the first place of the Word; then shalt thou perceive the Lord, and in the third place the man, and what he hath suffered..."

This bears several possible interpretations, and one of them is that Christ wasn't crucified at all.

3. The Second Treatise of the Great Seth - / a Gnostic one, and a heavily Gnostic, I'd say/, that can be seen in more than one way - including that Christ died in appearance only; /even though my interpretation is that the whole POV of the work presents the whole physical world as an "appearance", therefore in a long run all human suffering, etc is only an appearance/:
"... I visited a bodily dwelling. I cast out the one who was in it first, and I went in. And the whole multitude of the archons became troubled. And all the matter of the archons, as well as all the begotten powers of the earth, were shaken when it saw the likeness of the Image, since it was mixed. And I am the one who was in it, not resembling him who was in it first. For he was an earthly man, but I, I am from above the heavens. I did not refuse them even to become a Christ, but I did not reveal myself to them in the love which was coming forth from me. I revealed that I am a stranger to the regions below....

...And I did not die in reality but in appearance, lest I be put to shame by them because these are my kinsfolk. I removed the shame from me and I did not become fainthearted in the face of what happened to me at their hands. I was about to succumb to fear, and I <suffered> according to their sight and thought, in order that they may never find any word to speak about them. For my death, which they think happened, (happened) to them in their error and blindness, since they nailed their man unto their death. For their Ennoias did not see me, for they were deaf and blind. But in doing these things, they condemn themselves. Yes, they saw me; they punished me. It was another, their father, who drank the gall and the vinegar; it was not I. They struck me with the reed; it was another, Simon, who bore the cross on his shoulder. I was another upon Whom they placed the crown of thorns. But I was rejoicing in the height over all the wealth of the archons and the offspring of their error, of their empty glory. And I was laughing at their ignorance. ..."
http://www.gnosis.org/naghamm/2seth.html - http://www.gnosis.org/naghamm/2seth.html

Anyway, its seems that the idea that Christ didn't really die is a very old one, dating from like 2 century AD.



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Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 16-Apr-2012 at 02:01
Originally posted by Don Quixote

So, if we accept this as a working hypothesis, is will explain why Jesus's body "vanished", and the words of the angel/angels/men-in-white not to look for a living one among the dead. It may actually make sense, and sounds no mere conspiratorial than his disciples sneaking his body out of the tomb in the dead of night. There are some apocryphal works, like the letters of Pilate to Herod and to the Roman emperor, that claim that Jesus was around and preaching, and Pilot's wife and he himself went to see him and talked with him - this would explain who this could possibly happen.

This reminds of of Herodotus' story about the Getae/Thracian god Zalmoxis - Herodotus says that Zalmoxis feigned his death, and dug himself a home in the ground, where he spend 3 years /3 again/, and everyone thought he was dead, so when he returned back everyone believed he was resurrected, so they deified him. Zalmoxis was an aspect of Orpheus, and since the Orphic cult was about resurrection - here it is. So, if the Swoon hypothesis is true, it wouldn't be the first case of feigned death, nor the "biggest cover-up in history" as Michael Baigent claimed, because it wouldn't be anything original to start with. I may really get and read his book - I have it but I haven't read it yet.
 
I do not.... as there again...... for the ninth or tenth time.... is no substantive or credibility evidence to support it.....there is only revisionism of the evidence available. And it's being rendered, most likely in a secular effort, led by socialist and liberal atheists to discredit christianity as they attempt to discredit every form of religion. Other then the political-ideological-scientific ones they create to replace the traditional.
 
Got to come with something better...or I recommend this go into the alternate history sub which is to say the fantasy sub.Wink
 
This is alternate revisionist history nothing more.


-------------
"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: Sidney
Date Posted: 16-Apr-2012 at 11:38
Originally posted by Don Quixote


I found those referrences in early Christian writings:1. The "Apocalipse of Peter, from Hag Hammadi", 2nd century:"...The Savior said to me, "He whom you saw on the tree, glad and laughing, this is
      the living Jesus. But this one into whose hands and feet they drive the nails is his
      fleshly part, which is the substitute being put to shame, the one who came into being in
      his likeness. But look at him and me."..."  http://www.gnosis.org/naghamm/apopet.html - http://www.gnosis.org/naghamm/apopet.html Who is this "substitute" Jesus is talking about? 2. "The Acts of John" - it wasn't Gnostic, but it was forbidden as a heretic work by Augustine in 787 CE, nevertheless is was found in many monastic libraries, and now is recovered from quotes t it here and there. The parts found in Greek books were authentic, the ones found in Latin ones were edited, "...Though the Acts of John was condemned by orthodoxy as heretical, it found
          a perpetual place in many monastic libraries, and a large fragment
          survives in Greek manuscripts of widely varying date. The surviving Latin
          fragments, by contrast, appear to have been edited with an eye to purging
          all "unorthodox" content. ..."  http://www.gnosis.org/library/actjohn.htm - http://www.gnosis.org/library/actjohn.htm "...<a>Thou hearest that I suffered, yet did I not suffer; that I
          suffered not, yet did I suffer; that I was pierced, yet I was not
          smitten; hanged, and I was not hanged; that blood flowed from me, and it
          flowed not; and, in a word, what they say of me, that befell me not, but
          what they say not, that did I suffer. Now what those things are I
          signify unto thee, for I know that thou wilt understand. Perceive thou
          therefore in me the praising (al. slaying al. rest) of the (or a) Word
          (Logos), the piercing of the Word, the blood of the Word, the wound of
          the Word, the hanging up of the Word, the suffering of the Word, the
          nailing (fixing) of the Word, the death of the Word. And so speak I,
          separating off the manhood. Perceive thou therefore in the first place
          of the Word; then shalt thou perceive the Lord, and in the third place
          the man, and what he hath suffered..."
This bears several possible interpretations, and one of them is that Christ wasn't crucified at all. 3. The Second Treatise of the Great Seth - / a Gnostic one, and a heavily Gnostic, I'd say/, that can be seen in more than one way - including that Christ died in appearance only; /even though my interpretation is that the whole POV of the work presents the whole physical world as an "appearance", therefore in a long run all human suffering, etc is only an appearance/:"... I visited a bodily dwelling. I cast out the one who was in it first, and I went in. And
      the whole multitude of the archons became troubled. And all the matter of the archons, as
      well as all the begotten powers of the earth, were shaken when it saw the likeness of the
      Image, since it was mixed. And I am the one who was in it, not resembling him who was in
      it first. For he was an earthly man, but I, I am from above the heavens. I did not refuse
      them even to become a Christ, but I did not reveal myself to them in the love which was
      coming forth from me. I revealed that I am a stranger to the regions below.......And I did not die in reality but in appearance, lest I be put to shame by
      them because these are my kinsfolk. I removed the shame from me and I did not become
      fainthearted in the face of what happened to me at their hands. I was about to succumb to
      fear, and I <suffered> according to their sight and thought, in order that they may
      never find any word to speak about them. For my death, which they think happened,
      (happened) to them in their error and blindness, since they nailed their man unto their
      death. For their Ennoias did not see me, for they were deaf and blind. But in doing these
      things, they condemn themselves. Yes, they saw me; they punished me. It was another, their
      father, who drank the gall and the vinegar; it was not I. They struck me with the reed; it
      was another, Simon, who bore the cross on his shoulder. I was another upon Whom they
      placed the crown of thorns. But I was rejoicing in the height over all the wealth of the
      archons and the offspring of their error, of their empty glory. And I was laughing at
      their ignorance. ..."
</a> http://www.gnosis.org/naghamm/2seth.html - http://www.gnosis.org/naghamm/2seth.html Anyway, its seems that the idea that Christ didn't really die is a very old one, dating from like 2 century AD.




These quotes, IMO, are a matter of theology. They are presenting different ideas of the Christ as being seperate from Jesus. Jesus, the mortal flesh, suffered and died on the cross, but the Christ, the pre-existent and divine entity that descended upon Jesus at some point in his life, left him before the crucifiction. They are not saying that Jesus survived, or was substituted. Jesus died, but the Christ survived.


Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 16-Apr-2012 at 14:20
True, it's a matter of theology, and I mentioned this in the case of the last source. However, from where did the monophysitic views /that were later declared heretic/ came, they didn't come out of the void - it's quite possible that the said gospels were the source of those views. Since being declared heretic of not is a matter of theology and political power, no view can be seen like this if one tries to keep an objective POV on the matter. It's very possible that some people who read the above writings saw them in a physical way - like there was for real a substitute for Jesus.

Anyway, when talking about Jesus, all we can say is what people though about him, not was really was /especially for agnostics like me/, because the second attempt mixes faith with real history for many people, and makes a mess of the whole thing. That's why I see two ways to see it - what the reality was, and what people think the reality was - and both ways I try to keep apart, notifying when I talk about one or the other.


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Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 16-Apr-2012 at 14:36
Originally posted by Centrix Vigilis


 
I do not.... as there again...... for the ninth or tenth time.... is no substantive or credibility evidence to support it.....there is only revisionism of the evidence available. And it's being rendered, most likely in a secular effort, led by socialist and liberal atheists to discredit christianity as they attempt to discredit every form of religion. Other then the political-ideological-scientific ones they create to replace the traditional.
 
Got to come with something better...or I recommend this go into the alternate history sub which is to say the fantasy sub.Wink
 
This is alternate revisionist history nothing more.

I'm not trying to convince you in anything, CV, I just like to explore all possible POV and all possible happenings, that's why I call it "under the working hypothesis" - in other words "in this or that possible case". I cannot move it to the alternative sub, because it's not an alternative history, since the monopysitic views that Jesus had only a divine body, hence couldn't have died on the cross existed since 3-4 century AD. The Monophysits were declared heretics, and physically exterminated by their brother Christians in the name of the doctrine that teaches love and forgiveness, that's why and how this view was subdued; not that it didn't exist. The Swoon hypothesis has been around since 18th century, so this is around from far longer that secularism and leftism.

So, the both views predate any modern efforts to discredit Christianity, as you put it, in other wordls, they are not modern to start with. Second, for atheists who don't velieve in resurrection, some other explanation is to be found where did the body of a dead person gone - unless you require everyone to accept on faith that he was resurrected, /which is not the way to go/, there will be always other ways to explain where did the body vanish. And third, Jesus and his resurrection is not history, but theology, nor are the NT gospels that are only collections of legends and lore, any evidence. To an atheist or an agnostic this is fantasy to start with, since people don't come from the dead. Which will mean that by your recommendation all threads about Jesus have to be called "fantasy", which is not the way to go either.

So, if we are to discuss those subjects at all, all possible avenues must be considered, no matter what one faith or lack of it calls for.


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Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 16-Apr-2012 at 18:21
Anyway, the Swoon hypothesis solves the problems of what happened to the body of Jesus; otherwise this problem have to be solved in another way, since resurrection is  impossible. So, either the body was stolen in order to promote the Christian idea of resurrection, or Jesus didn't die there and then. I don't see any other possible scenarios. Actually I never researched the said theory because I assumed no one can survive a crussifiction, so I assumed the body was removed by at least one person who wanted to promote Christianity; but the arguments posted here by Nick made me think that it's possible Jesus to had survived, no matter how slim the chances were, so I'll consider it as a possibility and research it's plausibility.

However, my stance here gets off OP, because it has nothing to do with Jesus possibly being a Buddhist /which I don't accept, because there are too many differences between what he thought and the Buddhist POV on the world, IMHO/, so if the threadmaster /Nick/ thinks it will highjack the thread I can move this question from here and make another thread especially on it.


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Posted By: Nick1986
Date Posted: 16-Apr-2012 at 20:19
If Jesus really did die, perhaps one of his younger brothers assumed his identity and continued to preach? The disciples may have stolen Christ's body and buried it secretly

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Me Grimlock not nice Dino! Me bash brains!


Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 16-Apr-2012 at 20:24
Credibile evidence forthcoming I presume.... or is this another exercise in which I have already addressed a response again worth repeating:
 
''is no substantive or credibility evidence to support it.....there is only revisionism of the evidence available. And it's being rendered, most likely in a secular effort, led by socialist and liberal atheists to discredit christianity as they attempt to discredit every form of religion. Other then the political-ideological-scientific ones they create to replace the traditional.
Got to come with something better...or I recommend this go into the alternate history sub which is to say the fantasy sub.Wink
This is alternate revisionist history nothing more.''


-------------
"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 16-Apr-2012 at 20:55
Well, some things are obvious and as such don't require evidence. What is the evidence that water is wet?
So, if there was a death, there would be a corpse, where did the corps go? Resurrection is impossible, therefore is not an explanation, plus where is the evidence for it? Someone saw a angel and some other saw the resurrected one - no court would except such evidence if a trial about this was held now.

So, the question of the corpse still stands - this is not alternartive history, nor a fantasy, this is a question about the corpse of a dead person. Now, if one is to place here the hypothesis of the resurrection - then this really have to go in the fantasy sub, because people don't come back from the dead, as is well attested by people dying every day by hundreds.


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Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 16-Apr-2012 at 23:10
Originally posted by Don Quixote

Well, some things are obvious and as such don't require evidence. What is the evidence that water is wet?
So, if there was a death, there would be a corpse, where did the corps go? Resurrection is impossible, therefore is not an explanation, plus where is the evidence for it? Someone saw a angel and some other saw the resurrected one - no court would except such evidence if a trial about this was held now.

So, the question of the corpse still stands - this is not alternative history, nor a fantasy, this is a question about the corpse of a dead person. Now, if one is to place here the hypothesis of the resurrection - then this really have to go in the fantasy sub, because people don't come back from the dead, as is well attested by people dying every day by hundreds.
 
Your lead in betrays you unwillingness to ascribe to the method but adhere to the idea of speculative conjecture as a reasonable or sole substitute.
 
Both the methods require in the promulgation of a hypothesis, working or final, a means where by it can be tested and repeated in a controlled environment and or based on primary and secondary evidences established, recognized and practiced and verified as the norm through accepted procedural methods.
 
This is not being done. Consequently the best it can be claimed is.... it is as an alternate revisionist attempt to recreate-reinterpret evidence or prompt creation of evidence to support a favorable reaction by and for the originator and that individual's own agenda. Who, coincidentally, will not provide the evidence on his or her own ..... but requires that burden to be provided for him/her by others. This is not a hypothesis at that point in any measurable definition as associated with the accepted methodologies....it then only can be described as fantasy at best....lazy methodological practice at worst.


-------------
"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 16-Apr-2012 at 23:30
OK, let me see you do it, applying the method. So far you are only avoiding to give me an answer, weaving out sophisticated accusation/labels instead.

I didn't promote anything, I'm not proving the Swoon hypothesis, I'm testing to see how viable it is. This got me to the question about Jesus's body - since I don't believe in resurrection, this body had to went somewhere. Since you labeling my position, I asked a question, which doesn't require me to prove anything. The question was - what happened to Jesus's body? Now, you could answer my question, which you didn't do, instead of this you continue to label my position. If you want to go this way, be my guest; I don't care what you are going to call me.

I don't exactly understand what are you calling fantasy - that Jesus may have not died, that his body may have been stolen, or what? Because both those statements are common-sensically sound - what is not common-sensically sound is the idea that Jesus was resurrected, hence he got his body with himself - that's why faith is required to accept something that goes against all reality, because otherwise it cannot be supported. So, if something is fantasy in my world is not that Jesus's body was stolen /what I deem most probable/, or that he may have survived /which I think very improbable, but maybe not impossible/, but that he took his body with him, in his resurrection, because it's not possible.


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Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 16-Apr-2012 at 23:58
Originally posted by Don Quixote

OK, let me see you do it, applying the method. So far you are only avoiding to give me an answer, weaving out sophisticated accusation/labels instead.

I didn't promote anything, I'm not proving the Swoon hypothesis, I'm testing to see how viable it is. This got me to the question about Jesus's body - since I don't believe in resurrection, this body had to went somewhere. Since you labeling my position, I asked a question, which doesn't require me to prove anything. The question was - what happened to Jesus's body? Now, you could answer my question, which you didn't do, instead of this you continue to label my position. If you want to go this way, be my guest; I don't care what you are going to call me.

I don't exactly understand what are you calling fantasy - that Jesus may have not died, that his body may have been stolen, or what? Because both those statements are commonsensical sound - what is not commonsensical sound is the idea that Jesus was resurrected, hence he got his body with himself - that's why faith is required to accept something that goes against all reality, because otherwise it cannot be supported. So, if something is fantasy in my world is not that Jesus's body was stolen /what I deem most probable/, or that he may have survived /which I think very improbable, but maybe not impossible/, but that he took his body with him, in his resurrection, because it's not possible.
 
I am not required too for:
 
A. It's not my hypothesis and as noted; I don't even give it that benefit be identified as one.
 
and
 
B. I'm not required to defend it with the presence of evidence or demonstrate how to prove it methodologically, for it's originator when he/she fails to do so; especially when you carry back to A and remember the evidentiary requirements and use of the method-responsibilities lay with the originator.
 
 
 
 
The only thing I might do is using the method disprove the fantasy.
 
 
Which I'm neither interested in doing because in actuality it's glaring deficiencies need no further elucidation to those who understand the method and ascribe to it rather then revisionist reinterpretation without proofs disregarding the method. And who recognize the prima evidences, which granted, might be reinterpreted; still requires proofs. Not solely speculation. And certainly they require it if one is attempting to garner acceptence of the re-interpretation.
 
 
Or.... because my larger point was about the failure of the use of the method which I have done.
 
And finally your mixing your apples with your pears as this latest comment was based on Nick's latest reference to Jesus's brothers assuming his identity etc...and not necessarily your subsequent posts in reaction.
 
But it was a nice attempt.LOL


-------------
"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 17-Apr-2012 at 00:09
Sure you are not required to answer my question, no matter what the possible reasons for a refusal to do so are. You are not required to label my position either, no matter what the reasons for me having such are.

Sorry if I butted in, I thought your post was about the whole post Nick wrote, which included the stealing of the body of Jesus, not only about the brother; and since I introduced this part /the stealing/ I felt partially responsible for his response that brought yours; so I responded.


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Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 17-Apr-2012 at 00:21
Originally posted by Don Quixote

Sure you are not required to answer my question, no matter what the possible reasons for a refusal to do so are. You are not required to label my position either, no matter what the reasons for me having such are.

Sorry if I butted in, I thought your post was about the whole post Nick wrote, which included the stealing of the body of Jesus, not only about the brother; and since I introduced this part /the stealing/ I felt partially responsible for his response that brought yours; so I responded.
 
That's not an accurate representation..tho understandable. I'm not labeling anything that is not in common parlance withing the academic community or the blog one. What I am doing, is pointing out that, and again using the language of the community, I was trained in...that supposition and speculations without evidences to support a hypothesis are then not a hypotheses. But merely speculation and supposition and will never received credible recognition or acceptance....they will merely receive rejection.
 
This is first year university history stuff DQ. And we are or should be way beyond that point.
 
Star


-------------
"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 17-Apr-2012 at 00:39
Nah, I didn't study history in university, I did Education and Geography, and in Bulgaria you go directly in narrow specialization.

This aside, when it comes to Jesus, there isn't really evidence for anything - there is Christian lore/gospels and Christian doctrine that had been asserted for centuries to the point that people see as evidence something that they wouldn't accept in any other case in their lives. Why do I have to accept a impossible theory that he was resurrected, instead of the very probable guess that his body was stolen?

How is the resurrection evidenced or proved? It's not, people just like the story, that's why they buy it - wishful thinking. Of course there wouldn't be evidence of the body was stolen - it any like that survives, if would destroy Christianity, and there are like 38,000 denominations with vested interest in that; even of there was evidence of that, it wouldn't be allowed to exist.

Besides, I'm not trying to prove that the body was stolen - I noted that for a person who doesn't accept resurrection, there are only 2 options to guess what happened - that it was stolen, or that Jesus didn't die there and then. Is there evidence for that it was stolen - no. Is there evidence that Jesus didn't die - no. Is there evidence that Jesus died - beyond lore and religion built on them/which is no evidence, but rumors/ - no.

So, since the 3 scenarios are un-evidenced, why should I accept the most impossible scenario, that is not evidenced either, but only accepted by people on faith? I don't have to.


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Posted By: Sidney
Date Posted: 17-Apr-2012 at 14:05
Going back to the OP

Originally posted by Nick1986

During the 19th century a Russian journalist visited a Buddhist monastery in Ladakh and read a manuscript describing the life of a monk who lived centuries ago called Issa. As a young man, it is believed Jesus encountered Therevada monks in Judea and went back east with them, studying in India until he reached the age of 30. After either faking his death at the crucifixion or having someone else die in his place, he apparently went to Kashmir with his mother, married and had children. He called himself Yuz Asaf and died aged 125. His tomb in Srinigar has become a tourist attraction and is currently housed in a purpose-built building


This is actually two strand mixed into one;

1. Nicolas Notovitch, a Russian journalist, travelled through Tibet in 1887. He heard stories about ancient manuscripts that contained accounts of the prophet Issa, identified by the Tibetan monks as Jesus. He eventually gets to Himis, where the Buddhist Lama reads to him, from various texts, verses that tell the story of this Issa. Notovitch has them translated verbally, then writes them down, and on returning home rearranges them into a coherent narrative, which he publishes as "The Life of Saint Issa: Best of the Sons of Men" in French in 1894. http://www.scribd.com/doc/76374838/4/THE-LIFE-OF-SAINT-ISSA - http://www.scribd.com/doc/76374838/4/THE-LIFE-OF-SAINT-ISSA is a 1914 reprint in English (pp98-146)
In this story, Issa (Jesus) is a manisfestation of the Holy Spirit, born to teach, and deliver the Hebrews from the power of the Romans. When Issa is 13 his parents are inundated with offers of marriage because he is so clever, but Issa runs away to the East inorder to pursue his studies. He goes to the Jainists, but rejects their religion. He then goes to the Hindu Brahmans, who over the course of six years teach him how to cure through prayer, to explain scripture and to drive out demons. But they get angry at him for teaching and mixing with the lower castes, and resolve to kill him, and Issa moves on to the lands of the Buddhists. He is with them another six years, studying the language and sacred texts, before he is sent out to spread the word of Buddha. He then returns to Palestine, travelling through pagan lands and Persia, preaching against idolatry and human sacrifice, and calling people to abstain from theft, dishonesty and debauchery. Arriving in Palestine he starts to preach, and the people flock about him and accept his every word. But the governor, Pilate, fears an insurrection and orders Issa arrested. Pilate demands that he be tried by a Jewish court, but the Jewish judges and priests declare him innocent, so Pilate judges him under Roman law, but cannot find anyone to witness against Issa. Eventually Pilate overides his pretence at any justice and has Issa crucified. Issa dies and is buried by his family, but because the Jews hang around his tomb praying and lamenting him, Pilate is scared and has his body stolen so that it would not be worshipped. This then leads to the belief that Issa had been ressurected and gone to Heaven. The accounts of Jesus in Palestine returned to India via Indian merchants about three or four years after the crucifixtion.
Contemporaries viewed Notovitch as a hoax or having been duped by the Buddhist Lama, and another traveller claimed that he visited Himis but could find no one who remembered the Russian, nor knew anything about a prophet called Issa. However subsequent travellers to Tibet have found evidence that there are stories about a prophet Issa, who is identified by the Tibetans with Jesus, and claimed as an exponent of Buddhist teachings. None of this proves how old the stories are, nor that they are anything more than Buddhist propoganda.

2. The teachings of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, religious leader and founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community in 1889. He claimed that he was the Second Coming of Jesus, though not Jesus himself. In order to substantiate that claim he needed to show that Jesus hadn't died on the cross and been taken into Heaven (as in that case the first Jesus would be returning), but claimed that he had travelled to Kashmir and was buried there, under the name of Yuz Asaf.
There are stories about a great teacher and healer called Yuz Asaf in the Kashmiri area, and his tomb is on show. But when the stories about him date from is unknown, and the period that he lived in is uncertain. His name has been variously translated as 'leader of the purified' (because he healed a group of lepers), a Christian saint called Josaphat, a Buddhist title, or (by the Ahmaddi) as 'son of Joseph.

Putting the two stories together, despite the fact they contradict each other (one says Issa was a Buddhist and died on the cross in Palestine - the other that Yuz Asaf was a forerunner of Islam and died of old age in Kashmir), has been done by revisionist historians.


Posted By: Don Quixote
Date Posted: 17-Apr-2012 at 19:04
Originally posted by Sidney

Going back to the OP

exactly what the thread needed, thank you, Sid. Great primary source tooSmile to assist those like me who haven't encountered them before, cudos for that.


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Posted By: Nick1986
Date Posted: 03-Oct-2012 at 09:42
Something just sprang into my mind: both Jesus and Buddha accepted outcasts in countries with a caste-system: priests and nobles at the top and peasants, slaves and untouchables at the bottom

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Me Grimlock not nice Dino! Me bash brains!


Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 10-Oct-2012 at 16:53
"Jesus was buddhist....this I know.
Because on AE they tell me so.
Little ones to him still belong;
because they need to be weak and not strong."
 
 
Yes Jesus loves me!
Yes Jesus loves me!
Yes Jesus Loves me!
 
 
I was wrong all these years;Ouch
But now with Jesus as a buddhist all is clear.
You to can change and sing this new song;
Cause with Jesus as a buddhist none are wrong.
 
 
Yes Jesus loves me!
Yes Jesus loves me!
Yes Jesus Loves me!
 
 
 
Ole Saint Pete and Saint Paul
didn't know what they was talking about;
Oh no not at all.
 
 
Yes Jesus loves me!
Yes Jesus loves me!
Yes Jesus Loves me!
 
 
 
 
 
Mother Mary was just a freak
she never done none of that stuff;
of what they speak.
 
 
Yes Jesus loves me!
Yes Jesus loves me!
Yes Jesus Loves me!
 
 
I sure was wrong all these years;Ouch
But now with Jesus as a buddhist all is clear.
You to can change and sing this new song;
Cause with Jesus as a buddhist none are wrong.
 
 
Yes Jesus loves me!
Yes Jesus loves me!
Yes Jesus Loves me!
 
 
 
Jesus was buddhist....this I know.
Because on AE they tell me so.
Little ones to him still belong;
because they need to be weak and not strong.
 
 
 
Yes Jesus loves me!
Yes Jesus loves me!
Yes Jesus Loves me!'' 
 
 
 
 
sung to the traditional ''Jesus Loves Me" music.Clap


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"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: lirelou
Date Posted: 10-Oct-2012 at 21:47
All right CV, I'll sign up for your congregation, that is, if you don't mind a real practicing Buddhist. The very idea of Jesus being a Buddhist is an oxymoron. Now, there is such a thing as a Zen Christian, and even a few Christians who are Zen practitioners. But had the historical Jesus even adopted Buddhist meditation practices, for which there is no evidence, he would still have been a practicing Jew whose followers founded what became Christianity,

ps. My onw personal Koan for Christians is this: Were you suddenly to discover irrefutable evidence that the historical Jesus was a mere man, would you still be a Christian? (in the sense of following the teachings of Christianity)

It appears to me that if they answer yes, they would be true Christians, as opposed to the kind of people who get into religion simply as an insurance policy against possible damnation.   


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Phong trần mài một lưỡi gươm, Những loài giá áo túi cơm sá gì


Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 10-Oct-2012 at 23:37
Originally posted by lirelou

All right CV, I'll sign up for your congregation, that is, if you don't mind a real practicing Buddhist. The very idea of Jesus being a Buddhist is an oxymoron. Now, there is such a thing as a Zen Christian, and even a few Christians who are Zen practitioners. But had the historical Jesus even adopted Buddhist meditation practices, for which there is no evidence, he would still have been a practicing Jew whose followers founded what became Christianity,
 
 
We support all comers.....LOL

 

Amen.


ps. My own personal Koan for Christians is this: Were you suddenly to discover irrefutable evidence that the historical Jesus was a mere man, would you still be a Christian? (in the sense of following the teachings of Christianity)

It appears to me that if they answer yes, they would be true Christians, as opposed to the kind of people who get into religion simply as an insurance policy against possible damnation.
 
 
 
 
Amen again. For he was a real...'mere' man... as well as what's also been claimed. What evidence available; contentious or other, accepted or rejected, bears this out.  And as a consequence I find no fault with the appellation 'mere' man. For indeed he himself testified to it...and demonstrated it. Scripture abounds to it's veracity.
 
 
 
But my revision of 'Jesus loves me' is ntl catchyWink and certainly fitting reference the revisionism that has permeated this thread.

 



-------------
"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: Nick1986
Date Posted: 12-Oct-2012 at 07:55
Originally posted by lirelou

All right CV, I'll sign up for your congregation, that is, if you don't mind a real practicing Buddhist. The very idea of Jesus being a Buddhist is an oxymoron. Now, there is such a thing as a Zen Christian, and even a few Christians who are Zen practitioners. But had the historical Jesus even adopted Buddhist meditation practices, for which there is no evidence, he would still have been a practicing Jew whose followers founded what became Christianity,

ps. My onw personal Koan for Christians is this: Were you suddenly to discover irrefutable evidence that the historical Jesus was a mere man, would you still be a Christian? (in the sense of following the teachings of Christianity)

It appears to me that if they answer yes, they would be true Christians, as opposed to the kind of people who get into religion simply as an insurance policy against possible damnation.   

Gandhi seemed to approve of Jesus' teachings. He once famously said "I like Christ, but not Christians, because Christians are so unlike Christ"


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Me Grimlock not nice Dino! Me bash brains!


Posted By: Centrix Vigilis
Date Posted: 12-Oct-2012 at 12:19
Yup well the ole G man had his share of bigotry and other alleged probs...so his views on Christianity vice christians might be considered suspect. And no Jesus was not a Hindu.
 
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/03/28/mahatma-gandhi-bisexual-_n_841410.html - http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/03/28/mahatma-gandhi-bisexual-_n_841410.html


-------------
"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

S. T. Friedman


Pilger's law: 'If it's been officially denied, then it's probably true'



Posted By: Mountain Man
Date Posted: 12-Oct-2012 at 18:02
Originally posted by Nick1986

During the 19th century a Russian journalist visited a Buddhist monastery in Ladakh and read a manuscript describing the life of a monk who lived centuries ago called Issa. As a young man, it is believed Jesus encountered Therevada monks in Judea and went back east with them, studying in India until he reached the age of 30. After either faking his death at the crucifixion or having someone else die in his place, he apparently went to Kashmir with his mother, married and had children. He called himself Yuz Asaf and died aged 125. His tomb in Srinigar has become a tourist attraction and is currently housed in a purpose-built building


No.  The simple answer is that Christianity under Emperor Constantine was a mish-mash of many previous religions including paganism, in order to allow Constantine to placate and pacify as many of his subjects as possible under his new church.

This leads to lots of references that appear to be similar individuals and occurrences throughout written history, such as The Biblical Flood of Noah, which was directly plagiarized from the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh.

Don't forget, too, that new gods and new religions have to meet pre-existing standards, so they must be gods or sons of gods, born of virgins, capable of performing miracles, healing the sick and raising the dead, and capable of resurrection.  They also have to be somehow responsible for The Creation of Everything.  Otherwise they aren't in the running.


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Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?


Posted By: Nick1986
Date Posted: 14-Oct-2012 at 08:22
Originally posted by Mountain Man

Originally posted by Nick1986

During the 19th century a Russian journalist visited a Buddhist monastery in Ladakh and read a manuscript describing the life of a monk who lived centuries ago called Issa. As a young man, it is believed Jesus encountered Therevada monks in Judea and went back east with them, studying in India until he reached the age of 30. After either faking his death at the crucifixion or having someone else die in his place, he apparently went to Kashmir with his mother, married and had children. He called himself Yuz Asaf and died aged 125. His tomb in Srinigar has become a tourist attraction and is currently housed in a purpose-built building


No.  The simple answer is that Christianity under Emperor Constantine was a mish-mash of many previous religions including paganism, in order to allow Constantine to placate and pacify as many of his subjects as possible under his new church.

This leads to lots of references that appear to be similar individuals and occurrences throughout written history, such as The Biblical Flood of Noah, which was directly plagiarized from the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh.

Don't forget, too, that new gods and new religions have to meet pre-existing standards, so they must be gods or sons of gods, born of virgins, capable of performing miracles, healing the sick and raising the dead, and capable of resurrection.  They also have to be somehow responsible for The Creation of Everything.  Otherwise they aren't in the running.

Some things are relevant for both Jesus and Buddha. Jesus was born to the Virgin Mary, Buddha's mother was impregnated by a white elephant. Jesus died on the cross, Buddha nearly starved to death under a tree. Both defeated mighty demons. On the other hand Buddha never claimed to have created the world and rarely mentioned the gods


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Me Grimlock not nice Dino! Me bash brains!


Posted By: heyamigos
Date Posted: 13-Nov-2012 at 06:05
I feel that Jesus would have certainly agree that Buddhism was from God.  he himself was a man of peace and wanted to get away from some harsh doctrines/dogma of the Old Testament and Judeo aspects


Posted By: medenaywe
Date Posted: 19-May-2014 at 00:44
Krishna is a shepherd not Buddha!He was a stereotype used for Jesus in peaceful form.



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