Today quantum physicist use words like quarks and protons, to explain reality at the atomic level. Long ago, people named gods to explain reality on the level you and I experience it. I think it is an unfortunate distortion of religion (a belief in supernatural being), to think of the language of the gods as superstition. I see no more superstition in the story of the gods, than I do in quantum physics. The reality of protons, etc. is as questionable as the reality of gods, but we must use the terms when we try to understand the concepts. The stories of the gods, is the language for civilization, and as Zeus feared, we have come to rival the gods and think we can live without them. We are technologically smart, but not wise.
Each god and goddess is a concept. Jean Shinoda Bolen, M.D. explains the gods and goddesses as human archetypes. When I was a mother, Demeter, was my dominant goddess. She is the goddess of motherhood. Hera, is Zeus's wife and the concept of the wife. She was less activated in me than the mother goddess. For some women, being a wife is more important than being a mother. Demeter can handle the husband having an affair, as long he supports her and the children. Hera, on the other hand goes into a rage when Zeus messes around.
Athena, is the goddess of Liberty, Justice, and the Defense of those who stand for these principles. We know her as our Statue of Liberty, Lady of Justice, and Spirit of America. As our Statue of Liberty she holds a book for literacy and a torch for the enlightenment that comes from literacy. As Lady of Justice she holds a scale because justice is balanced with compassion and wisdom. As the Spirit of America, she is brandishing the Sword of Justice in a mural of the gods at the Capital Building in Washington D.C.. The Spirit of American is morale, that high spirited feeling we have when we believe we are doing the right thing. Our liberty and justice depends on our knowledge of these concepts, and now that my children are grown, Athena is my dominating goddess.
Note, the Sword of Justice is also part of stories like the "Holy Grail". The Holy Grail was Christianized, but originally was Celtic with a Mother Goddess. To offend her was to risk to risk her wrath. The moral is, don't offend Mother Nature.
I am out of time, but this will do as an introduction to the concepts essential to understanding democracy. Several male gods are equally important, and Athena would be nothing without Zeus. As we learn of the gods and goddess we learn of ourselves and of being civilized.
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