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Styrbiorn View Drop Down
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Posts: 2810 		  Quote Styrbiorn Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Topic: Loan words
    Posted: 21-Aug-2004 at 09:25
Originally posted by fastspawn

Originally posted by Zagros Purya

It's shir or arslan.  BTW, no one said, anywhere in this thread, that the Chinese used a loan word for paper.


Originally posted by cyrus shahmiri


Kakaz
- MEANING: Paper
ORIGIN: Kok-ci (Chinese)


You misunderstand. He said that the Persians use a loanword from Chinese.

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Posts: 8792 		  Quote Zagros Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 21-Aug-2004 at 10:27
Originally posted by Styrbiorn

Originally posted by fastspawn

Originally posted by Zagros Purya

It's shir or arslan.  BTW, no one said, anywhere in this thread, that the Chinese used a loan word for paper.


Originally posted by cyrus shahmiri


Kakaz
- MEANING: Paper
ORIGIN: Kok-ci (Chinese)


You misunderstand. He said that the Persians use a loanword from Chinese.

 

Where does it say that the Chinese use a loan word?  It says the Persian Kakaz is a loan word taken from the Chinese Kok-ci, the other guy misunderstands, not me. 
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Posts: 6240 		  Quote Cyrus Shahmiri Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 21-Aug-2004 at 11:22

Purya, Arslan is Turkish word!

For thousands years, the symbol of Iran was a Shir (lion) holds a sword in his hand and with a half of the sun behind him but unfortunately our Mullahs changed it!

Iran's flag:

Iran's national anthem:

To ey parcham-e shir o khorshid-e ma
Ke khod yadegari ze Jamshid-e ma
...

O our flag of lion and sun,
You are a memorial from our Jamshid (Yima)
...

Now, you can see our symbol on the flag of Sri Lanka:

 
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Posts: 130 		  Quote boody4 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 22-Aug-2004 at 10:51

Originally posted by Cywr

...Dutch, Welsh, Gaelic (Scots), Polish, Mongolian, Turkish, Amoy, Tamil, Hindi, Sanskrit, Malay, Arabic, Russian......

I wonder what are the Polish words that were loaned?? I know that Polish has a lot of polonized English words. Example: our word for (soccer) match = match (pronounced metch).
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Originally posted by Styrbiorn

Ketri
- MEANING: Kettle
ORIGIN: Katli (Urdu)

That is surely not a loan-word, since it has Indo-European roots. In Old Norse for example, it's kettil, thus I think that word have been in Persian for a long time.

Urdu is a IE language too.

 
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Posts: 6003 		  Quote Cywr Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 23-Aug-2004 at 07:02
Originally posted by boody4

Originally posted by Cywr

...Dutch, Welsh, Gaelic (Scots), Polish, Mongolian, Turkish, Amoy, Tamil, Hindi, Sanskrit, Malay, Arabic, Russian......

I wonder what are the Polish words that were loaned?? I know that Polish has a lot of polonized English words. Example: our word for (soccer) match = match (pronounced metch).



From the top of my head, i know that the word horde comes via Polish, though its root is the Mongolian (or was it Turkish) word for army/camp.
Probably a few others too, 'Hussar'? Or is that Hungarian?
Arrrgh!!"
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Posts: 8792 		  Quote Zagros Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 23-Aug-2004 at 10:28
Originally posted by Alparslan

Originally posted by Styrbiorn

Ketri
- MEANING: Kettle
ORIGIN: Katli (Urdu)

That is surely not a loan-word, since it has Indo-European roots. In Old Norse for example, it's kettil, thus I think that word have been in Persian for a long time.

Urdu is a IE language too.

Just for clarification, it's 33% Sanskrit 33% Arabic and 33% Persian and I think it was invented by the Moghuls.

 
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Posts: 6003 		  Quote Cywr Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 23-Aug-2004 at 11:16
IIRC, that should be 33% Hindi, not Sanskrit, unless i am mistaken.
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Posts: 2112 		  Quote Jalisco Lancer Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 25-Aug-2004 at 00:42

 

  source: http://www.zompist.com/indianwd.html

  Native American loan words:

abalone - Costanoan aulun
achiote - Nahuatl achiotl
agouti - Guarani acut
alpaca - Quechua allpaka
annatto - Caribbean
anorak - Eskimo norq
atlatl - Nahuatl atlatl 'spear-thrower'
avocado - Nahuatl ahuacatl
axolotl - Nahuatl atl 'water' + xolotl 'spirit'

barbecue - Carib barbricot
bayou - Choctaw bayuk

cacique - Arawak kassequa 'chief'
cacomistle - Nahuatl tlacomiztli
caiman - Carib acayuman
cannibal - Tupi caryba 'superior man'
canoe - Caribbean
capybara - Tupi
caribou - Algonquian
carnauba [wax] - Tupi
cassava - Taino cabi
cashew - Tupi acaj
caucho, Fr. caoutchouc - Quechua kawchu
caucus - Algonquian caucauasu 'counselor'
cavy - Galibi cabiai, or perhaps Quechua qowi
cayenne - Tupi kyinha
chocolate - Aztec xocolatl
chayote - Nahuatl chayotli
cherimoya - Quechua chirimuya
chigger - Cariban chigo
chile, chili - Nahuatl chilli
chinchilla - Aymara chinchilla
chipmunk - Algonquian chitmunk
chunkey [game] - Catawba chenco
cigar - Maya sik'ar 'smoke'
coati - Tupi coat
coca - Quechua kuka
cocoa, cacao - Nahuatl cacahuatl (Note: French cacahute is from Nahuatl tlacucahuatl)
coho [salmon] - Salish
condor - Quechua kuntur
copal - Nahuatl copalli 'resin'
cougar - Tupi suasuarana 'like a deer'
coyote - Nahuatl cyotl
coypu - Araucanian kypu
curare - Cariban kurari

dory - Miskito dri

enchilada - ultimately from chile

Great Spirit - loan translation of Ojibwa kitchi manitou
grouper [fish] - Ge-Pano-Carib?
guacamole - Nahuatl ahuaca-molli 'avocado sauce'
guano - Quechua wanu
guacharo - Quechua wachu
guarana - Tupi guaran
gaucho - Quechua wakcha 'poor person'
guava - Caribbean
guanaco - Quechua wanaku

hammock - Taino
high muckamuck - Chinook hiu muckamuck
hickory - Algonquian pawcohiccora
hoatzin - Nahuatl uatzin
hogan - Navajo hogan
hominy - Algonquian
how [greeting] - Dakota ho, Omaha hau
hurricane - Carib huracan 'his one leg' - the name of a god
husky [dog] - corruption of 'Eskimo', ultimately Algonquian

igloo - Eskimo iglu
iguana - Arawak iwana
Inca - Quechua inka
ipecac - Tupi ipe-kaa-gune 'medicinal plant'

jacana - Tupi-Guarani jasan
jackaranda - Tupi yacarand
jaguar - Guarani jagu
jerky - Quechua ch'arki
jicama - Nahuatl xicamatl

kachina - Hopi qacina
kayak - Eskimo qajaq
kiva - Hopi

lagniappe - Quechua yapay 'add, addition'
lima [bean] - Quechua rimay 'speak' (Lima, the city,is named after the river Rimaq, i.e 'Speaking')
llama - Quechua llama

macaw - Tupi macahuba
maguey - Taino
mahogany - of unknown origin, but the tree is Caribbean...
maize - Carib mahiz
malamute - Eskimo Mahlemut ethnonym
mangrove - Taino mangle
manioc - Tupi mandioca
maraca - Tupi
mat - Quechua mati
mescal - Nahuatl mexcalli
mesquite - Nahuatl mizquitl
moccasin - Natick mohkussin
mole - Nahuatl -molli 'sauce'
moose - Natick moos
mugwump - Natick mugquomp 'captain'
mukluk - Eskimo muklok 'large seal'
muktuk - Eskimo maktak
muskrat - Natick musquash + 'rat'

ocelot - Nahuatl ocelotl
opossum - Powhatan aposoum

papaya - Carib
paca - Tupi pca
pampa - Quechua pampa 'flat'
papoose - Algonquian papoos
parka - Aleut parka 'skin' (< Russian < Samoyed!)
pawpaw - Carib (same source as papaya)
pecan - Algonquian paccan
peccary - Carib pakira
pekan - Abnaki pkan
pemmican - Cree pimikn
persimmon - Cree pasiminan 'dried fruit'
petunia - Tupi petyn
peyote - Nahuatl peyotl
piranha - Tupi pirtsainha
pirogue - Carib
poncho - Araucanian pontho
pone - Algonquian pn
potato - Taino batata
potlatch - Nootka patshatl
powwow - Algonquian
pulque - Nahuatl poliuhqui 'spoiled'
puma - Quechua puma
pung [work sled] - Algonquian tom-pong

quahog - Narraganset poquahock
quetzal - Nahuatl quetzall
quipu - Quechua khipu 'knot'
quinoa - Quechua kinwa
quinine - Quechua kinakina

raccoon - Algonquian arathkone

sachem - Narraganset schim
saguaro - Pima
samp - Narraganset nasump
sapodilla - Nahuatl tzapotl
sasquatch - Halkomelem sesqec
savannah - Taino zabana
seapoose [riptide] - Munsee sepos
scuppernong - Algonquian (from a river name)
shack - Nahuatl xacalli 'thatched cabin'
shark - Maya xoc
skunk - Massachuset squnck
squash - Massachuset asko:tasquash
squaw - Massachuset squa
sockeye [salmon] - Salish sukkegh, or Northern Straits Salish seqey'
sofkee - Muskogean safki
succotash - Narraganset msckquatash

tamale - Nahuatl tamalli
tamandua - Tupi tamandu 'ant-catcher'
tamarack - Algonquian
tamarin [monkey] - Galibi
tanager - Tupi at 'walk' + car 'around'
Tanis - Cree 'little daughter'
tapioca - Tupi tipioca 'residue'
tapir - Guarani tapiira
teocalli - Nahuatl teocalli
teosinte - Nahuatl teocentli
tepee - Dakota thipi
terrapin - Algonquian *toolepeiwa
tinamou - Galibi tinamu
tobacco - Arawak tzibatl
tomahawk - Algonquian tamahaac
toboggan - Micmac toba:kan
totem - Ojibwa ninto:te:m
tomato - Nahuatl tomatl
tonka [bean] - Galibi
toucan - Tupi tucana

umiak - Eskimo

vicua - Quechua wik'ua

wampum - Algonquian wampumpeage
wapiti - Shawnee wapiti 'white rump'
wickiup - Fox wikiyapi
wigwam - Abnaki wikewam
Winona - Dakota Winu~n
woodchuck - Algonquian otchek

yautia - Taino
yucca - Arawak

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hansioux View Drop Down
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Posts: 537 		  Quote hansioux Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 25-Aug-2004 at 21:27
Trust me, if any language uses more loan words, it'd be Japanese.  Since they are constantly taking in new foreign words and use it as their own.  Such as Hotelu = hotel,  Toraku = truck, Purido = pride.  Not to mention all the Chinese loan words and writing that you loaned.  I personaly believe the more a society and absorb foreign ideas into their own culture, the more diverse and alive this culture can be.  The Chinese used to be pretty good at it.  For example absorbing buddhism and assimilate it to become a Chinese styled buddhism.  Or absorbing the muslem population that leads to muslem chinese Zhenghe sailing the seas.  On his tomb still in Nanjing today, it inscribes in Arabic "Allahu Akbar" ("God is Great").  But starting from Soong dynasty till Qing dynasty, the Chinese became more and more self-involved.  And end up in the mess that they were for the last two centuries. 
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Posts: 6003 		  Quote Cywr Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 26-Aug-2004 at 07:35
Theres a big list of ENglish words borrowed from other languages here sorted by language, around 1800 of them!
Arrrgh!!"
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  Quote Guests Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 26-Aug-2004 at 09:00
Amongst the Dutch words there are some I never heard of. (elope, flout, gruesome, ogle - no idea what these words are in Dutch).

And the note on 'Santa Clause' is false. It says it's the Dutch name for Father Christmas, that's not true. The Dutch name of both 'Father Cristmas' and 'Santa Clause' is 'de Kerstman' (litt. the Christmasman).
'Santa Clause' comes from 'Sinterklaas' (St. Nicholas). In the weeks proceeding to 5 december he puts candy in children's shoes at night, and on the evening of 5 december he visits everyone a brings a bag full of present. In this he is assisted by 'Zwarte Pieten' (litt. Black Pete's).
This custom was introduced by Dutch settlers in the USA, but they didn't want to use a Catholic saint. Therefore they changed it and eventually he became Santa Claus. Sinterklaas still visits Holland (and in parts of Belgium and Germany as well), but Santa Clause doesn't.

note: just like Santa Clause, Sinterklaas doesn't exist of course. Only small children believe he exist. The real St. Nicholas died about 1600 years ago.
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Posts: 6003 		  Quote Cywr Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 26-Aug-2004 at 09:54
I think it was implied that the name Santa Clause traces its origin to the Dutch Sinterklaas.
Note that in English, Santa Clause and Father Christmas are one and the same.
Granted, that site is very weak on specifics and details.

I'll check the words with both my English-Dutch and big-fat-English dictionaries:

Elope = weglopen (from lopen)
Flout = Bespotten (from flouten 'to play the flute')
Ogle = toelonken (from medieval Dutch/Low German oegeln - 'to look at',  inturn from oegen)
Gruesome = ijzingwekend (Dictionary says suspected Scandinavian origin, but no specifics)
Arrrgh!!"
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Posts: 831 		  Quote ihsan Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 30-Aug-2004 at 16:49
Cyrus, what exactly is Kok-ci? Doesn't sound Chinese (at least, Mandarin) at all
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