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QuoteReplyTopic: French Directory ,1795 Posted: 11-Oct-2006 at 21:41
Does anyone know a lot about the estiblishment of Directory after Reign of Terror is over? I know that their new government is like Oligarchy goverment and they lasted about 4 years before Napoleon took over France...
Oligarchy is not the proper term also it is not entirely wrong either.
Directory was (before Bonaparte) meant to stop the Revolutionnary process after the Terror. The main aspects of the regime is that it is 1) Reactionnary 2) anti-radical.
A marxist point of view would say that the bourgeoisie started the French revolution but that when it went out of hand (Terror) they launched the coup of the 9th Thermidor to settle the all thing.
The political system was specially designed to avoid a come back of the Terror and of the dictatorship. A directory of 5 members (not sure) had the executive power while the legislative power was in the hands of two (and not one any longer) chambers the 500 and the Ancients.
I'm no specialist of the period but I can tell you the main thing to remember about it is: bourgeois.
The Directory is indeed considered as a "bourgeouis" follow-up to the Terror. The term "oligarchic" could be a misconception of its 5-member executive Council; in essence, the period remained a parliamentary democracy but with fewer civil rights since the constitution of 1795 is much less radical than that of 1792. Among other things, it revoked the universal male suffrage and reimposed property/income requirements for eligibility to vote. Its major weakness was that it was too much towards the center in a time too polarized by both extreme left (Jacobins backed by the sans-culottes mobs of Paris) and right (royalists/monarchists, coalition of European powers.). Unnerved by the Thermidorian uprising, it actually violated the liberties quaranteed in its new-found Constitution, a fact that ultimately weakened the regime and further disillusioned an already tired and apathetic public. The way was paved for the first strong-man to exercise the essence of carpem diem; and this happened to be Napoleon Bonaparte.
Edited by konstantinius - 20-Oct-2006 at 00:18
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