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Topic ClosedTurkic etymology
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9 Oghuz

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    Posted: 16-Nov-2006 at 13:57

Proto-Altaic: biudo (-u)

Meaning: gruel, paste; to swell in water

Old Turkic: botqa

Modern Turkic: botqa, butqa, butuxas
 
Mongolian: budaqa

Korean: pid, pidh (verb)

Japanese: puyaka

Comments: Perhaps also Manchu *butu- 'to cook': the form may go back to Proto - Manchu - Tungus  *bdigu-.

There seems to have existed a deriving verb *bot- or *bod- (*but-, *bud-) 'to stir (porridge)', reflected only in Yakut *butuy-.
Sajaja bramani totari ta, raitata raitata, radu ridu raitata, rota.
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Posts: 1831 		Direct Link To This Post Posted: 16-Nov-2006 at 14:03

Proto-Altaic: moyno

Meaning: neck

Old Turkic: boyn

Modern Turkic: boyn, buyn, boyni, buwun, moyn, muoi, moy, muyin,
 
Mongolian: mundaxa

Tungus-Manchu: mon-qa-n, mon-pen

Korean: miye-k

Japanese: nemp

Comments: In Japanese, unfortunately, only Ryukyu forms are attested, which probably underwent an influence of the Proto - Japanease root *nemp- 'to stretch, lengthen'; still, the origin of the Ryukyu stem from this Proto - Altaic root seems probable. The Korean. form is morphologically = Proto - Turkic *boynaq < *moyno-q. Also Modern Korean moŋ-i 'yoke, harness' with preservation of nasal. The Manchu - Tungus form also reflects velar suffixation (*moyn-qa-).



Edited by gok_toruk - 16-Nov-2006 at 14:05
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Proto-Altaic: bolo (-e)

Meaning: to be

Old Turkic: bol

Modern Turkic: bol, buol, pol, vol, ol
 
Mongolian: bol

Japanese: ber

Comments: Doerfer, quite fantastically, links also Manchu - Tungus *O(l)-
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Proto-Altaic: moŋi (-e)

Meaning: round

Old Turkic: bon-choq (beads, small balls as ornaments)

Modern Turkic: monchoq, monchuq, munchaq, munsaq, monshaq, minchaq
 
Mongolian: mxer

Tungus-Manchu: muŋu-, muŋbu-

Korean: muŋ-

Comments: Old - Japanese *mapa-r- 'turn round' may belong here if it goes back to < *moŋ-b, although the vocalism is not quite right. Also Mongolian *bmbger 'round'.

One can argue that this form is derived from *boyn 'neck' (in old sources the word is usually reserved for neck ornaments). Forms like moyn-cha-q, attested in Tatar, Bashkir, Noghai, Kirghiz, as well as Chagatai *munchaq, Balkan, Kumyk *minchaq should be probably explained that way; but the form *bon-choq itself may rather reflect earlier *moŋi-ch'round ornament', with secondary contaminations.
 
Turkic > Russian munchak.
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Posts: 1831 		Direct Link To This Post Posted: 30-Nov-2006 at 07:42
Proto - Altaic: maro

Meaning: sand, stony earth, marsh

Turkic: bor, por, bur, pur ( 1 chalk 2 earth 3 clay)

Mongolian: mara

Tungus-Manchu: mar

Korean: morai

Japanese: mana-n-kua

Comments: In Modern Korean also a reduplicated form: mamara- 'rough, stony (ground)'. The Japanese form must be explained as a result of nasal assimilation (*mana- < *mara-n-); but for Japanese *mana-n-kua alternatively Mongolian *maŋka 'long sandy hill'.
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Proto - Altaic :

Meaning: wizard, holy

Old Turkic: bg (wizard)
 
Modern Turkic: boy, b

Mongolian: bogda

Tungus-Manchu: bugu-cha

Japanese: bunkam

Comments: One of common Altaic religious terms.
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Proto - Altaic: biuge

Meaning: rock, hill

Turkic: bgr, bwr (mountain slope, side)

Mongolian: berg

Tungus-Manchu: bug

Korean: pahoi

Japanese: bu

Comments:---

Edited by gok_toruk - 30-Nov-2006 at 07:50
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Proto - Altaic: pogi

Meaning: kidneys, testicles

Turkic:  bgr, bgrek

Mongolian: bgere

Tungus-Manchu: pugi / puki

Korean: pur

Japanese: punkuri

Comments: The variant *puki- in Manchu - Tungus is assimilative ( < *pugi-). Also Modern Korean *puri 'fish bladder'.
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Posts: 1831 		Direct Link To This Post Posted: 02-Dec-2006 at 00:47
Proto - Altaic: buŋe

Meaning: to howl

Old Turkic: bŋre
 
Modern Turkic: mŋre, bgr, mri, muŋra, mre,

Mongolian: bŋsi, bŋre

Tungus-Manchu: buni

Japanese: bamia-k (-ai-)

Comments: An onomatopaeic root, but widely represented and (except for secondary fronting *buŋi- > *buni- in Manchu-Tungus) with quite regular correspondences.
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Proto - Altaic: moli

Meaning: to cut into pieces

Turkic: bl (to divide, separate)

Mongolian: mli

Tungus-Manchu: m(o)l

Korean: mara

Comments: In Korean, one has to suppose vocalic assimilation *mara < *mora- (similarly *k oli).
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Proto - Altaic: miani

Meaning: to be confused, hesitate

Turkic: mn, bn (fool)

Mongolian: men

Tungus-Manchu: mian

Korean: mini

Comments: Vocalism is not quite certain: in Turkic, one has to suppose a secondary labialization: *mِn < *men; in Korean, - vowel assimilation in a long wordform (*mini- < *mani-), as well as secondary palatalization.

Edited by gok_toruk - 03-Dec-2006 at 07:40
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Proto - Altaic: bork i 

Meaning: to cover, cover

Turkic: brk, brek, burk, bergehe, burt (hat, cap)

Mongolian: brk

Japanese: puk

Comments: In Tuva, Tofalar *-rk > rt is regular. Reconstruction of length is not quite certain: Turkmen length is not confirmed by Khalaj and contradicts pharyngealization in Tofalar.

Edited by gok_toruk - 03-Dec-2006 at 07:43
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Proto - Altaic: bire

Meaning: a kind of predator

Turkic: br (wolf)

Mongolian: ber

Tungus-Manchu: birin

Comments: In Turkic,  one has to suppose a secondary assimilation < *ber.
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Proto - Altaic: puch u (b-, -iu, -o, -ia, -u)
 
Meaning: two, pair; half

Turkic: buch-uq (half)

Korean: pcha-k

Japanese: puta

Comments: Korean has a frequent vowel reduction between a stop and an affricate, which makes the precise vowel reconstruction difficult.
 
Usually regarded as derived from *bich- 'to cut', which is dubious in the light of external evidence


Edited by gok_toruk - 03-Dec-2006 at 07:36
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Proto - Altaic: biudo (p-)

Meaning: cold, fog

Old Turkic: bud (1 to freeze 2 to be sad, sorry)
 
Modern Turkic: buy, buyur, boyuq, buyuq, boyoq

Mongolian: budaŋ

Japanese: puyu

Comments: A diphthong has to be reconstructed because of the *-y-reflex in Japanese; also Orok *pidul- 'to freeze completely' (of a river).
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Proto - Altaic: muyŋi

Meaning: horn; cartilage, tendon

Old Turkic: buyŋur / byŋr
 
Modern Turkic: myz (Old Uyghur inscriptions), boynuz, mgez, mŋgz, buynuz, ms, myiz

Mongolian: mer - s(ŋ)

Tungus-Manchu: muŋi

Korean: mi'im

Comments: ----
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Proto - Altaic: boyu

Meaning: esteem

Turkic: buyur (to order), pr

Mongolian: boy

Tungus-Manchu: buye

Korean: pai-ha

Japanese: uya / biya

Comments: Originally we related to this root Mongolian *beile 'prince of the 3d rank' which is usually considered to be borrowed from Manchu *beile (also Mongolian *beise = Manchu *beise 'prince of the 4th rank'). Both words are rather loans from some third language, perhaps Kitan (and also the Old Bulgarian rank *boyla) and may be ultimately related to Proto - Turkic *beyik; but Mongolian *boyi 'care' seems to be a more satisfactory comparison. Both semantically and phonetically the etymology seems quite plausible (except perhaps for the variant -i- vowel in Old Japanese, possibly conditioned by the following -y-).
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Proto - Altaic: boke

Meaning: to lie in ambush

Turkic: buq, bk

Mongolian: bq

Tungus-Manchu: boqan

Japanese: buka-s

Comments: ------
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gok_toruk, we appreciate your time and energy to provide such information here, however you seemed to neglect the fact that forum is a place to discuss. It'd be better if you can give a link, or your personal webpage for these materials, or you can send them to our editors for publishing in AE magazine. You continued posting without any discussion from other forumers, so I've decided to close it. Send me a PM for the link if you want, I'll post it here.

   
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