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The Wars of Religion in France, 1562 to 1629

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pikeshot1600 View Drop Down
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  Quote pikeshot1600 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Topic: The Wars of Religion in France, 1562 to 1629
    Posted: 08-Jun-2006 at 08:18
At the peace of Cateau-Cambresis in 1559, after 65 years of struggles, France had ceded supremacy in Europe to Spain.  Rather than recovering her position, and joining in the expansion to the New World, France embarked on a series of 8 fratricidal civil-religious wars that consumed both Royal resources and private capital until the reign of Louis XIII.
 
From 1562 to 1629, there was conflict between Catholics and Protestants in France that even included the unlikely event of Spain's Phillip II sending an army to aide the king of France!
 
Why did this take so long to settle?  Why 8 wars and not one and done?
 
Did this self-consuming conflict wreck France's opportunity to expand in time to the New World, in competition with Spain, and before England?
 
How does the religious conflict in France 1562 to 1629 fit in with the Counter Reformation?
 
Views?  Ideas?  Anyone there?
 
(EDIT):  Well, before someone shoots me, I made a mistake.  Embarrassed  The King of Spain sent an army to aid the Catholic League against the King of France (Protestant Henry IV), 1589.  That was before Henry became a Catholic (again), but that's another topic. Big smile
 
 


Edited by pikeshot1600 - 09-Jun-2006 at 23:55
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Maharbbal View Drop Down
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  Quote Maharbbal Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 09-Jun-2006 at 23:30
Actually, in my point of view, the Wars of Religion are the teeage crisis of the French state.

This is of course debatable but people changed side so often during these war that it is almost impossible to say here are the interests of the protestant and here are the interest of the catholics. Actually the matter was who is going to govern? The nobles or the king? And as after 1559 the kings were too weak to monopolize violence on the territory, the matter became which nobles are going to rule?

In that sense the crisis doesn't end in 1598 with Henri IV final victory or in 1629 with the fall of La Rochelle, the last rebellious point hold by the protestants but in 1661 with the rise of the personal rule of Louis XIV. Of course I'm obscessed with the stae-rising penomenon, but here are few arguments:
- A bit in a HRE style, the protestants in the South and then the catholics in the North created their own states. Although formally still in the kingdom their esatates, protected by their own armies Quite often in the province the only problem was to know who would control the taxes.
- The action of Catherine de Medicis who fought for her husband legacy and to protect the royal prestige. Henri IV did the same.
- If you pay attention the character that have led the so alled religious up risings are exactly the same as those who are involved in the various conspiracy against the king's power even if it hasn't anything to do with religion.

Concerning the New World missed rendez-vous, well, I couldn't say but one sure is for sure why the french would colonize America while half their territory was still empty. Don't forget that France is bout three time bigger than England and almost twice the size of Spain If anything, the WoR did help to create some canadian settlements of ill respected protestant in their homeland.

M.
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  Quote pikeshot1600 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 10-Jun-2006 at 00:02

Yeah, there was more to all this than religion.  As far as the point of "controlling the taxes," that may be a big part of the inability of any faction to bring this to a close.  No one had the fiscal power to sustain the wars, so they would peter out and then resume when some money could be found again.  Private funds were inadequate, and what revenue could be raised was consumed by both sides, further damaging and debilitating the country.  France was not using its wealth to fight foreign enemies, it was fighting itself.

 

 

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