April 25- ANZAC troops land at Gallipolli

The ANZAC baptism of fire at Gallipoli

In Australia, New Zealand and Newfoundland, Gallipoli is the name given to the Allied Campaign on the peninsula during World War I, usually known in Britain as the Dardanelles Campaign and in Turkey as the Battle of �anakkale. This was an attempt to push through the Dardanelles and capture Istanbul. On April 25, 1915, as part of an allied force of British and French troops, the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) landed at a small bay at the western end of the Peninsula (today officially called Anzac Cove). The campaign was relatively successful for the Turks and the Germans and a catastrophe for Russia which eventually would lead to civil war partly due to this unsuccessful campaign. The ANZACs evacuated on December 19, 1915 and the other elements of the invasion force a little later. There were around 180,000 Allied casualties and 220,000 Turkish casualties. This campaign has become a "founding myth" for both Australia and New Zealand, and Anzac Day is still commemorated as a holiday in both countries. Many mementos of the Gallipoli campaign can be seen in the museum at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra, Australia and at the Auckland War Memorial Museum in Auckland, New Zealand. This campaign also put a dent in the armour of Winston Churchill, then the First Lord of the Admiralty, who had commissioned the plans to invade the Dardanelles. He talks about this campaign vividly in his memoirs.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallipoli

5 Ordibehesht, Sepandaarmez = Humility and Pure Love

1926: Reza Khan is crowned Shah of Iran under the name Reza Pahlavi.
Reza Shah Pahlavi (Persian: رضا پهلوی )  (b. March 16, 1877 in Alasht,
 Mazandaran�d. July 26, 1944 in Johannesburg, South Africa), later Reza Shah the Great (Reza Shah-e Kabir), was Shahanshah of Iran (Persia) from 1925 until 1941. He was the first monarch of the Pahlavi dynasty, and is credited with greatly modernizing his nation.

During World War I, Britain had ignored protests from the Qajar rulers and stationed troops in the province of Khuzestan. During World War II, Britain again wished to station troops in Khuzestan.

Reza Shah protested against this challenge to central government authority. Britain interpreted this refusal as favoring Nazi Germany. Fearing that Reza Shah was about to align his petroleum-rich country with Nazi Germany during World War II, the United Kingdom and the USSR occupied Iran and forced Reza Shah to abdicate in favour of his son (see also Persian Corridor). The reality was Reza Shah despised the Nazis, and declared Iran neutral so it could reconstruct Iran as a modern state without having to deal with the Soviets and British, who tyrannically dominated Iran in the past and had plans to carve it up amongst themselves again.

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi replaced his father on the throne on September 16, 1941.

The Shah went into exile, first to Mauritius, then to Johannesburg, South Africa, where he died in 1944, aged 67.

His son later designated the title "the Great" to be added to his name.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reza_Shah