Many factions were involved in the 1911 Chinese Revolution: some fought for the emperor, others for the rebels. One loyalist faction was General Chang Hsun's "pigtail army" who continued to wear the queue as a gesture of allegiance to the deposed Emperor Henry I. For a brief period in 1917 old imperial-style robes and Manchu proclamations were restored, but a single small bomb dropped on the palace by a republican airplane scared the monarchists so much, Chang Hsun fled to the Dutch embassy and his army dispersed
http://madmonarchist.blogspot.co.uk/2012/11/understanding-last-emperor-part-i.html