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B-T-C project completion

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  Quote Bulldog Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Topic: B-T-C project completion
    Posted: 13-Jul-2006 at 17:47
BTC completion is a new dawn for Eurasia
    

Sleyman Demirel, the mentor of BTC, writes for the TDN on the inauguration of the historic project







SLEYMAN DEMİREL

Ninth president of Turkey - TDN Guest Writer


The inauguration today of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (BTC) pipeline marks a milestone in the post-Soviet political and economic real-politik of Eurasia.

In 1989 something unprecedented happened, and the multi-language and multi-national Soviet Empire peacefully disbanded. With the demise of the state that had influenced the entire 20th century came unforeseen consequences. One of these was the independence of five Turkish-speaking republics. For the first time in centuries, the 200-million-strong Turkish world, covering 11 million square kilometers, had the opportunity to meet once again.

This was a dream come true.

The heart of the Turkish world, Central Asia, has been at the geopolitical crossroads of many cultures and civilizations throughout history. It formed the physical and economic bond linking China and the Mediterranean Basin. The Silk Road, which linked the Turkish world with the rest of the world, was both an economic and cultural connection. With the end of the Cold War, the artificial isolation of this strategic landscape is over. With its traditional culture of hospitality, Central Asia will once again play a leading part in its historical role for harmony between civilizations, global peace and stability.

With the end of the Soviet Union in 1991, Turkey initiated friendly relations with the countries of the region, according to the rule of mutual benefit. Turkey was the first country to recognize the new republics and gave unlimited political and emotional support. Turkey would like to see each of the Central Asian republics independent and prosperous. We take it upon ourselves to fulfill this dream. Our history, culture and geography unite us in this common vision.

Turkey plays a two-tiered role in the region. First of all, Turkey has a very special relationship with the countries in the region. With Russia, it maintains constantly expanding trade relations, together with a constructive and balanced dialogue. Turkey provides a land-based transportation route for oil, natural gas and transit goods to the ports on the Black Sea, Mediterranean and to Europe. Secondly, it forms a two-way bridge in Eurasia and presents a working example of how democracy, Islam and secularism be applied.

While the recent dramatic developments have provided the opportunity to found a stable and peaceful order, ethnic nationalism and religious fundamentalism have replaced the Cold War dangers. The center of the tension has moved towards the east, to the Balkans and the Caucasus, and if we include the conflicts in Tajikistan and Afghanistan, to Central Asia.

The future status and regime of the Caspian Sea is the primary issue that will affect the common prosperity of the people of the region. Turkey supports the resolution of the issue through peaceful means and international law. Stabilizing Tajikistan, the Caucasus and Afghanistan as soon as possible is for the good of global peace. Such a development would not only affect the stability of the region but would also help cultural cohesion and integration.

The strengthening of the independence of these young republics, their speedy transformation into market economy and their integration with the world will help global peace and stability and the Eurasian continent, while easing commercial interactions and economic cooperation. In this context, NATO and EU countries need to give more support to the region. This help from Western countries will not only provide a physiological boost to the countries, but will also help them to found a common culture based on democratic values.

Ever since the beginning, we identified Turkey's role in this transformation period of uncertainties as helping to replace war and conflict with peace and cooperation and to formulate a global policy to realize this objective in order for all the people living in Eurasia to raise their level of prosperity.

Today, we, Turkey and our brother countries, understand the consequences of this long-term strategy. We are very fortunate to have the opportunity to meet as representatives of independent nations in order to strengthen our relations and initiate joint projects. This is a golden opportunity. We need to utilize this fully and together, carry its responsibilities. Such organizations make it possible for us to build a common future. No one needs to fear our unity. Our friendship and cooperation will boost efforts to stabilize and bring peace to Eurasia.

Our people living in Eurasia share a common historical heritage and are enriched by the philosophical accumulation sifted through a thousand years. The most important commodity of our brother countries is our human potential. From Ahmet Yesevi on one edge to Gul Baba on the other, our mystics over centuries have always avoided this wisdom: Learn to see the world through the eyes of the one you consider different, because all human beings are brothers. This holy message is the dome that covers our common values and is the key that opens our golden future.

Actually, the concept of the Turkish world is beyond national borders. The Turkish community, from the Atlantic to the Pacific oceans, has made significant contributions to humanity throughout the history of civilizations.

Our national treasures are closely linked to our language. As said in an artifact of an era, Yusuf Has Hacib's Kutaglu Bilig: Language is the tool to interpret understanding and knowledge. Language enriches a person and an individual finds peace with it. A nation, which covers such a large area, will of course have various dialects. However, our common language is the thing that binds us to each other.

Actually, the brother countries of Eurasia are entering this new age with a considerable investment in infrastructure. Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan have important reserves of the most strategic resources in the world, including oil, coal, gold, cotton, uranium, copper, titanium and aluminum. The countries are self-sufficient in terms of electricity. Their industrial infrastructure includes significant investment in the petrochemical, iron and steel, mechanical, electric motor, textile, cement, refrigerator, mineral processing and chemical sectors. This shows that these countries have the necessary basis for development.

Another point that makes us hopeful for the future is our brother countries' desire to utilize their resources and Turkey being the strategic key to transporting these resources to the world market.

The 200 billion barrels of oil reserves in the region, worth more than $4 trillion, and the 40 trillion cubic meters of natural gas reserves will definitely be extracted during this century and will be delivered to the world via the BTC -- which will be inaugurated today -- and similar projects that will be realized in the years ahead.

Turkey has become an energy conduit between the East and the West with the BTC becoming operational after a decade-long effort, in which I am happy about having made a substantial contribution both as prime minister and president. Today also marks the dawn of a new and dynamic era of progress for Eurasia.

The Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline is the foundation stone of the new energy network of the region. This pipeline and similar projects are the most exiting ventures. They will bring wealth and prosperity to the entire Eurasian region. In this context, I would like to thank the heads of state and the governments of all those source and transit countries and especially the United States for their support to this vital project all through the past years. I wish that my dear brother, great statesman, President Haydar Aliyev of Azerbaijan, who was so much attached to this project, had seen its completion. My prayers are for him on this important day. May he rest in peace.

The completion of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline will bring energy security to the region and will consolidate the geopolitical multilateralism that was introduced after the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Right from the beginning in March 1993, Turkey perceived this project as a cooperative venture of the regional countries to mutually raise their people's living standards.

The Republic of Turkey was the only independent Turkish state in the world until first the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (KKTC) was proclaimed in 1983 and then following the dissolution of the Soviet Empire, the Turkish republics of Central Asia and the Caucasus regained their independence. Turkey's founder, the great Atatrk, with his words the foundation of state is culture, gave us our objective to reach the level of modern countries. This objective is the common goal of the Turkish world. Kutadgu Bilig, which was written more than a thousand years ago, noted: Intelligence is like a beacon in a very dark night. Knowledge is a light that enlightens you. An individual ascends with intelligence and grows with knowledge. These voices still guide us in the information age. Today, a spark of closeness and unity was lit by our common cultural heritage and history, based on love. Turkish communities should preserve, feed and enlarge this spark. Our brotherhood, cooperation and support are the guarantee of peace and stability in Eurasia.



This projects completion is a great triumph, for the first time in one hundred and fifty years Turkic countries have freed themselves of being forced into decisions by Russia.

It marks the beginning, Kazakhistan with American support earlier signed a deal that it would join, also Turkmenistan did. The Nabucco project also has been signed.

The first step and aim of a Union of states, is benefiting economically and boosting the financial situation and stability of a region. The Turkic countries along with their new friend Georgia are moving closer to each other. They have rejected extremism and managed to have at least some stability in a very volatile region and improved regional relations. Their achievments should be praised and we shouldn't allow certain "anti-Turks" with a hate-filled racist agenda turn us againstt them simply for no other reason other then them being Turks because its racist, selfish and self-destructive.



    

Edited by Bulldog - 13-Jul-2006 at 18:22
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  Quote mamikon Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 13-Jul-2006 at 18:50
thats great...however, there are about frozen 5 ethinic conflicts in the Caucasus/Anatolia, the first thing that is going to be hit is that pipeline, should any of the conflicts resume.
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  Quote Bulldog Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 13-Jul-2006 at 20:02
Don't worry about them, the main problem would be jelous Armenian Terrorists. To combat this, Georgia should bring back the Meshetian Turks to get rid of the threat of a new "Karabag" in its province where there is a substantial Armenian population.
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  Quote mamikon Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 13-Jul-2006 at 20:05
Originally posted by bulldog

where there is a substantial Armenian population.


If 90 % is considered substantial then what is "majority"? 101%?
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  Quote Bulldog Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 13-Jul-2006 at 20:08
After the Meshketian Turks are resettled the demographic situation will change, in regards to Geogria for the better       they're on the verge of accepting the deal.
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  Quote ArmenianSurvival Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 13-Jul-2006 at 21:48
     I'm sure thats very amusing to you. Tell me, what good will moving foreigners into that poverty-stricken region do? All it does is ensure that there are less resources per person. Poverty is the main reason those "Armenian terrorists" are pissed off at the Georgian government in the first place, moving more people there ensures that the poverty will last.
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  Quote bg_turk Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 13-Jul-2006 at 21:59
Originally posted by ArmenianSurvival

     I'm sure thats very amusing to you. Tell me, what good will moving foreigners into that poverty-stricken region do? All it does is ensure that there are less resources per person. Poverty is the main reason those "Armenian terrorists" are pissed off at the Georgian government in the first place, moving more people there ensures that the poverty will last.

And why shouldn't they return? It is their homeland after all, isn't it?

http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/rights/articles/eav032503_pr.shtml


Even by the turbulent standards of the former Soviet Union, the Meskhetian Turks story is a tragic one. Twice deported in the past 60 years, they are now scattered across the length and breadth of the CIS. A repatriation plan is currently facing opposition in Georgia. Divisions within the Meskhetian community itself also are impeding efforts to promote their return.

On a recent visit to Sochi, Georgian President Eduard Shevardnadze heard frank criticism from the governor of Krasnodar, a Russian region where many Meskhetians currently live under strained conditions. The governor, Aleksandr Tkachev, accused Shevardnadze on March 8 of demonstrating no will to assume responsibility for the fate of these people.

Meskhetian Turks hail from the region now known as Samtskhe-Javakheti in southern Georgia. To this day debate rages as to whether they are ethnic Georgians who adopted Islam, or Turks who were part of the Ottoman Empires expansion. Few, however, can dispute the nature of their forced eviction from Georgia.

In November 1944, under orders from Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin, about 120,000 people -- mainly Meskhetians, but also ethnic Kurds and Muslim Armenians known as Khemshils were round up and deported to Central Asia. Roughly 15,000 people died of starvation or cold en route. It has been suggested that Stalin saw Meskhetians as a potential Fifth Column, despite the fact that Meskhetians had not demonstrated signs of disloyalty. On the contrary, 27,000 of 40,000 Meskhetian Turks in the Red Army died fighting Nazi forces.

In June 1989 tragedy struck the Meskhetian community a second time. The outbreak of ethnic violence in the Ferghana Valley area of Uzbekistan prompted another uprooting. Meskhetians once again were scattered across Central Asia, Russia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan and Turkey.

In the nearly 60 years since their deportation, fewer than 1,000 one third of 1 percent of the overall Meskhetian population have managed to return to their homeland. Georgia adopted a 12-year framework to repatriate the Meskhetian Turks in 1999 as a condition of entry into the Council of Europe. Under that framework, a law on repatriation was supposed to be in place by 2001. But Tbilisi has yet to adopt the law.



Georgia must immediately and uncondionally act towards the repatriation,and repropriation  of Maskhetian Turks. I hope finally after being made regugees not once, not twice, but three times they will be able to return to their homeland.




Edited by bg_turk - 13-Jul-2006 at 22:15
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  Quote Artaxiad Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 14-Jul-2006 at 12:00
I don't think that the Armenians of Javakhk would ever accept having new Turkish neighbours. Ermm Has Turkey ever thought of repatriating Armenians from the Middle East, North America, Europe, etc to Eastern Turkey? It is the Armenians' right, isn't it?
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  Quote Zagros Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 14-Jul-2006 at 12:25

I hope Russia steps in on the right side here and prevents the ethnic cleansing this Bulldog is so chirpy about.

 


Edited by Zagros - 14-Jul-2006 at 12:27
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  Quote ArmenianSurvival Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 14-Jul-2006 at 17:38
Originally posted by bg_turk

And why shouldn't they return? It is their homeland after all, isn't it?


     I didn't realize they were exiled from Georgia, I had only heard that they were form somewhere in central Asia. Thats good for these Turks then, and its a good example for other exiled people to look forward to and have hope. The exile doesn't surprise me coming from Stalin, he exiled many people from Georgia, including groups of Muslim-Armenians to Kazakhstan.

     Doesn't it seem funny though, that out of all the exiled peoples from Georgia, they decide to move a group of Turks into a district that is 95% Armenian? A district that is poverty-stricken due to Georgian neglect, I might add. Moving more people there only ensures that the poverty will last.


Edited by ArmenianSurvival - 14-Jul-2006 at 17:44
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  Quote bg_turk Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 14-Jul-2006 at 18:27
Originally posted by ArmenianSurvival

Thats good for these Turks then, and its a good example for other exiled people to look forward to and have hope. The exile doesn't surprise me coming from Stalin, he exiled many people from Georgia, including groups of Muslim-Armenians to Kazakhstan.


That's right. Muslim Albanians will be returning as well.
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  Quote Bulldog Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 14-Jul-2006 at 18:52
I don't think that the Armenians of Javakhk would ever accept having new Turkish neighbours.

Well the country is called Georgia and its the Georgian state who will decide, stop being so selfish and thinking only of yourself.

The Meshketian Turks deserve their justice, they were sloaded onto a train 150,000-200,000 and deported in a single night to Siberia. Now they have an oppurtunity to grasp it they should go for it head on. It will help Georgia escape another Karabag, improve relations between Georgia-Azerbaycan-Turkey even more. It would be a good move by Georgia.

Here is more news about the project.


Caspian oil reaches the Mediterranean without sailing through the Black Sea or the Turkish Straits

BTC brings dream of East-West energy lifeline into reality



FATMA DEMİRELLİ

CEYHAN - Turkish Daily News


The presidents of Turkey, Azerbaijan and Georgia gathered yesterday in this Mediterranean port to formally inaugurate a multi-billion-dollar pipeline transporting Caspian crude oil to Western markets through a route that bypasses Russia as well as Turkey's overcrowded straits.

President Ahmet Necdet Sezer, Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev and Georgian President Mikhail Saakashvili connected pipes decorated with the flags of the three participant countries in a symbolic pipe-laying ceremony to mark the launch of the nearly $4 billion Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (BTC) oil pipeline before a huge cover on the side of a large tent was pulled down, unveiling the Ceyhan sea terminal.

This is a strategic project that will change the face of the region, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, who also attended the high-security opening ceremony in Ceyhan, said. With the global energy demand set to rise significantly in the years to come, Erdoğan said the pipeline will see further importance.

Sezer said Turkey aspired to connect Asia and Europe through energy corridors via cooperation with its neighbors and partners and hailed the completion of the pipeline as indicative of what regional peace and stability can achieve.

At full capacity the BTC pipeline will pump 50 million tons of oil from Azerbaijan's Shakh-Deniz fields per year, or 1 million barrels every day. The amount is tiny compared to the global total of more than 80 million barrels per day, but a new oil outlet is still likely to help ease pressure on the world's oil market, in which the prices have been steadily rising amid tension over Iran's nuclear program and in which concerns over energy security run high due to fears of monopolization of resources and transport routes.

Breaking a widespread pattern, the BTC pipeline bypasses Russia and the Black Sea and provides a Mediterranean outlet for the Caspian oil. The pipeline began pumping late last month and more than 400,000 barrels of oil are flowing every day.

A Mediterranean route will help reduce pressure on the Turkish straits, already crowded by huge tankers transporting oil from Russia to European destinations. Istanbul, which sits on the straits, is under environmental and security risk from the tankers sailing through the waterway.

The 1,774-kilometer pipeline, passing through Azerbaijan and Georgia before reaching Ceyhan, has the backing of the United States, which is pursuing a strategy of diversifying energy resources and transport routes from energy supplying countries to consumers.

In a letter sent to Sezer, read out by U.S. Deputy Undersecretary for Energy Clay Sell at the ceremony, U.S. President George W. Bush hailed the launch of the pipeline as it would ensure that Caspian oil reaches world markets through a viable route.

He also said the United States remains steadfast in supporting similar projects.



Silk Road of the 21st century:

The BTC pipeline may also be the heart of a new energy and trade route in the East-West direction, reviving the historic Silk Road.

A pipeline that would run parallel to the BTC is planned to bring Azeri natural gas to Turkey's eastern province of Erzurum. That project is expected to become operational by the end of 2006.

Erdoğan said Europe was looking to import Azeri natural gas to meet its growing gas needs, something that has the potential of making Turkey one of the four main arteries for gas exports to Europe after Russia, Norway and Algeria.

Transporting natural gas from Iraq through a pipeline paralleling the existing Kirkuk-Yumurtalık oil pipeline is also under consideration and efforts are under way to transport gas to Europe through a pipeline connecting Turkey, Greece and Italy.

The pipeline is also hailed as a step in the direction of strengthening regional cooperation and the realization of Georgian and Azerbaijani aspirations for more independence from Russia and closer ties with the West.

Saakashvili said the pipeline meant true independence for his country. This project is not just about economic independence ... but about real independence to our countries.



A dream coming true:

Critics had long argued that the project would be too costly and too difficult to build.

The pipeline crosses numerous rivers and traverses high mountains before it reaches Ceyhan. At its highest point, the pipeline reaches 2,800 meters, Lord John Browne, BP chief executive, said at the ceremony. Together those lines are helping to create a new trade route that is helping meet the world's growing need for energy and reducing the growing sense of insecurity that is distorting the world's energy scene, Lord Browne noted.

The pipeline is also expected to boost the status of Ceyhan as an energy terminal.

Taking into account the BTC and the Kirkuk-Ceyhan oil pipelines as well as the Samsun-Ceyhan bypass oil pipeline, which is under development, on the one hand, and the possible extension of Blue Stream to Ceyhan and then to Israel and the future construction of an Iraqi natural gas pipeline on the other, the Ceyhan terminal is envisaged to be a major energy trading center of the region, a senior Turkish diplomat had said in an interview with the Turkish Daily News -- making it clear that Turkish diplomacy has set its general energy target of becoming an energy bridge along east-west and north-south axes and becoming not only a transit country but also an aggregator and center of trade.

    
      What we do for ourselves dies with us. What we do for others and the world remains and is immortal.
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