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16 Turk Empires

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    Posted: 05-Jun-2006 at 17:53

The Great Hun Empire (Byk Hn İmparatorluğu)

%5bGreat Hun%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Mete (Bagatir), bordering Siberia in the North, Tibet-Kashmir in the South, the Pacific Ocean in the East and the Caspian Sea in the West (total area 18,000,000 sq. km).

The Chinese called them the Hsiung-Nu.

The flag attributed to the Great Hun Empire is an orange-yellow flag with a yellow dragon.

Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004


The Western Hun Empire (Batı Hn İmparatorluğu)

%5bThe Western Hun Empire%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Panu, covering the area over present day Central Asia.

The Empire of Western (Hiung-Nu) Huns lasted from 48 to 304 AD. The ruler had the title of Shan-Yu. This state was under Chinese overlordship. One of the leaders founded the short-lived Earlier Chao state, one of the 16 kingdoms, in Shansi (304-329).

The flag attributed to the Western Hun Empire is a plain yellow-orange flag.

Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004


The European Hun Empire (Avrupa Hn İmparatorluğu)

%5bThe European Hun Empire%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Muncuk, Oktar, Rua and Aybars (brothers) covering the area of present day Southern Russia, Romania, Northern Yugoslavia, Hungary, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Southern and Central Germany (total area 4,000,000 sq. km). Gradual decline after 454 AD.

This is Attila the Hun's Empire, which caused the Great Migration in Europe and ended with Attila's death in 453 AD.

The flag attributed to the European Hun Empire is white with a yellow crowned bird with spread wings.

Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004


The White Hun Empire (Ak Hn İmparatorluğu)

%5bThe White Hun Empire%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Aksuvar (Aksungur) covering half of Northern India, Afghanistan and part of Turkestan (total area 3,500,000 sq. km).

The White Huns (a.k.a. Hephthalites, Ephthalites, Hayathelites, Ye-tai, Huna), originating from the Altai Mountains, occupied in the Vth century AD Western Turkestan and disappeared in the second half of the VIIth century.

The flag attributed to the White Huns is white with three yellow stars placed vertically in upper hoist.

The Gktrk Empire (Gktrk İmparatorluğu)

%5bThe Gokturk Empire%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Bumin Khan (Tumen) in the inaccessible valleys of the Altai Mountains (Ergenekon)(total area 18,000,000 sq. km).

The Blue Turks overthrew the Juan-Juan masters ofMongolia in the VIth century AD and established a vast Empire spreading across both eastern and western steppelands to the Volga and beyond. Almost immediately this state split into western and eastern Khanates. They were finally defeated by the Uighurs in 745.
This is the first documented Turk state. The Buddhist monk Xuan Zang met its ruler galopping in the steppes in the vicinity of Tashkent in 685.

The flag attributed to the Gktrk Empire is blue with a green wolf's head.

Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004


The Avar Empire (Avar İmparatorluğu)

%5bThe Avar Empire%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Bayar Khan, covering the area between the Volga River, Hungary and Bessarabiya.

Avars were a Nomadic Turkish or Mongol people which, in the late VIth century AD invaded the plain of Hungary and set up a powerful kingdom, even besieging Constantinople. They declined in the VIIIth century, until defeated by Charlemagne at the end of the VIIIth century.

The flag attributed to the Avar Empire is green with a black rider shooting backwards with a bow.

Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004


The Hazar Empire (Hazar İmparatorluğu)

%5bThe Hazar Empire%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by the Hazar tribe of Gktrks who migrated to the West and settled in the area stretching from the Caucasian Mountains to the Danube River and to the middle of Russia. Its greatest ruler was Hakan Yusuf.

The Khazars were a nomadic people who set up an extensive state in the steppelands east and west of the lower Volga in the VIth century AD. They were converted to Judaism around 800 (i.e., they chose this religion in preference to Islam and Christianity). In the later Xth century the rulers of Kiev broke their power.

The flag attributed to the Hazar Empire is blue with an unidentified white device in canton and five white stars arranged in a > pattern.

Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004


The Uygur State (Uygur Devleti)

%5bThe Uygur State%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Kutlug Bilgekul Khan, covering Central Asia and northern Mongolia.

This state was related to the Uyghurs/Uighurs, the Turkic people over near where the Turks originated, in the VIIIth-IXth century in Sinkiang, Western China.

The flag attributed to the Uygur state is yellow-orange with two yellow masks (?).

The Karahan (Karahanlılar)

%5bTHe Karahan%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Saltuk Bugra Khan, covering the Trans-Oxus area including Issyk and Balkash lakes.

This was an Empire north of the Ghaznevid Empire, founded by a family of Karluk Turkish descent, which ruled in the X-XIIth centuries, with capitals in Bukhara and Kashgar (Balasaghun).

The flag attributed to the Karahan is yellow-orange with an unindentified white device.

Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004


The Gazneli (Gazneliler)

%5bThe Gazneli%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Alptekin, covering the area from the Trans-Oxus to the Ganges River, from the shores of the Caspian Sea to the steppes of the Pamir (total area 4,700,000 sq. km).

The Empire of the Ghaznavids, founded by Mahmud of Ghazni (ruled 998-1030), had its center in Ghazni, Afghanistan.

The flag attributed to the Gazneli is green with a grey crescent in canton and a peacock.

Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004


The Great Seljuk Empire (Byk Seluk İmparatorluğu)

%5bThe Great Seljuk Empire%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Seluk Khan, bordering Balkash and Issyk lakes and Tarim Derya in the East, Aegean and the Mediterrenean shores in the West, Aral Lake, Caspian Sea, Caucasian and the Black Sea in the North and Arabia and Gulf of Oman in the South (total area 10,000,000 sq. km)

This refers to the Seljuk Turks, a Muslim dynasty established in what is now eastern Turkey after about 1065 AD.

The flag attributed to the Great Seljuk Empire is blue with a white winged and double-headed silhouette and a black bow and arrow.

Ivan Sache & Thomas Robinson, 4 July 2004


The Harzemshah (Harzemşahlar)

%5bThe Harzemshah%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Kudrettin Mehmet (Harzemshah), covering Persia, Southern Caucasia, Dagestan, Afghanistan and most of Central Asia (total area 5,000,000 sq. km)

Khwarizm Shah was the region around Khiva, near Lake Aral. This area is related to the Anushtiginid dynasty, which ruled nearly all of Central Asia till India from 1097-1231, when they were crushed by Dsjingis Khan.

The flag attributed to the Harzemshah is a plain black flag.

The Golden Horde (Altınordu Devleti)

%5bThe Golden Horde%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Batur Khan, covering Eastern Europe, the Western Urals, Crimea and the area to the north of the Volga.

The Golden Horde, the Mongol Khanate in Russia, was established in the mid-XIIIth century and lasted till the XVth century.

The flag attributed to the Golden Horde is white with a red crescent pointing upwards, placed above a grey disk charged with a black symbol.

Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004


The Great Timur Empire (Byk Timur İmparatorluğu)

%5bThe Great Timur Empire%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Timur Gurgani bordering the Balkans in the West, the Volga in the North, Indian Ocean in the South and Central Asia in the East

Timurids: Barlas Turkish family founded by Timur (Tamerlane), who rose to power in the mid-XIVth century in Transoxiana and spent his long reign in far-ranging and immensely destructive campaigns, overrunning Iran, Iraq, Asia Minor and the domain of the Golden Horde in Southern Russia. He sacked Delhi in 1398 and temporarily broke the power of the Ottoman Turks at Ankara in 1402. On his death his large empire in Iran and Transoxiana became divided among his descendants and shrank rapidly over the XVth century amid family quarrels. The last minor prince of the dynasty, Babur, was expelled from Farghana by the Shaibanids, conquerors of Transoxiana, and established himself at Kabul. In 1526, he defeated and killed the Lodi sultan of Delhi, becoming master of northern India and founding the Moghul empire.

Source: R.F. Tapsell. 1983. Monarchs, Rulers, Dynasties and Kingdoms of the World.

Recent studies have shown that this Empire was a Mongol state but official Turkish sources still consider it as Turk.

The flag attributed to the Great Timur Empire is blue with three white disks placed 1 + 2 in the middle of the flag.

Ivan Sache, Jarig Bakker & Onur zgn, 4 July 2004


Other reported flag

%5bOther reported Tamerlane's flag%5dby Jarig Bakker

In Flags of the World 1669-1670, edited by Kl. Sierksma, 1966 [sie66] is a flag on p. 271 with caption "TAMERLANE". This particular flag nowhere has its counterpart. It is not to be found in the Sketchbook, a Napolitan manuscript from c. 1666&.
Nevertheless it can almost certainly be defined as the flag of the empire of Tamerlane, inasmuch as we read in Cleirac (pages 67 and 68) [cle47]:

Tamerlan, le flau de l'Asie, souloit arborer ses pavillons de trois diverses couleurs, de blanc, de rouge & de noir, couleurs de paix, de sang, & de mort.

which translates in English as:

Tamerlan, the scourge of Asia, wanted (? provided souloit is indeed vouloit, the ancient form of voulait) to hoist his three-coloured ensigns, white, red and black, colours of peace, blood and death.

The full source is: Cleirac, Estienne: Explication des termes de marine employs dans les dicts, ordonances et rglemens de l'admirat ... Jacques Mongiron Millanges, Bordeaux, 1647. -4to, First edition 1636.

I suppose that Cleirac based his remarks on the travel-book of Ruy Gonzalez de Clavijo, who travelled to the court of Timur 1403-1406, and wrote: the Historia del gran Tamurlan e itinerario, which appeared in the Hakluyt series in English translation in 1859 (1st series, no. 26).

Jarig Bakker, 15 July 2003


The Babr Empire (Babr İmparatorluğu)

%5bThe Babur Empire%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Babur Shah, covering Afghanistan and India (total area 2,700,000 sq. km)

Babur descended from the Timurids in Fergana, was expelled from there by the Shaibanids and fled to India, which he conquered. He founded the Moghal (or Moghul) dynasty, which ruled from 1526 to 1857.

The flag attributed to the Babur Empire is red with a yellow triangle placed all along the fly and pointing to the middle of the hoist.

Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004


The Ottoman Empire (Osmanlı İmparatorluğu)

%5bThe Ottoman Empire%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Osman, covering Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Sudan, Arabia, Jordan, Israel, Syria, Iraq, Anatolia, Caucasia, Crimea, Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Greece, Cyprus (total area 20,000,000 sq. km)

The Ottoman Empire preceded the modern Turkish Republic.

The flag attributed to the Ottoman Empire is red with a white crescent and eight-pointed star.

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  Quote Ikki Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 05-Jun-2006 at 19:04
The great Hun Empire, 18 millions, includiying lands around Caspian Sea?? I doubt that comrade Stern Smile
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  Quote Suevari Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 06-Jun-2006 at 03:03
Originally posted by Ikki

The great Hun Empire, 18 millions, includiying lands around Caspian Sea?? I doubt that comrade Stern Smile

Yeah that is probably all the lands Hun horsemen travelled over, possibly vassal tribes rather than solid Hun territory.
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  Quote BigL Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 06-Jun-2006 at 03:12
And the huns numbered 20,000 when entering Europe Tongue 
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  Quote Ikki Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 06-Jun-2006 at 03:45
According with the article of our own page, AE:

http://www.allempires.com/article/index.php?q=The_Xiong_Nu_Empire

Probably in their migration they controled the Caspian sea, right, but that was after the expel from the actual Mongolia.

The xioungnu empire didn't control the lands to the west of Tarim, i don't find anything about the vassalization of western nomads like the sarmats; so i can't agree with the arguments about the the "Great Hun Empire".

bye


Edited by Ikki - 06-Jun-2006 at 03:54
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  Quote Guests Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 06-Jun-2006 at 09:32
Bush visits with the democratic Mongol Hordes. What does Georgie have in his wallet? He certainly has little credit left with the American people or with world political leadership. All these trips to South America and Asia have accomplished nothing and have only given him a break from the pressures being brought to bear upon him and his buddies at home. He's obviously fallen off the wagon. It is a good thing the Mongolians didn't try to get him up on a hoarse. He would fall of that as well. You know he is afraid of horses.
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  Quote Imperator Invictus Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 06-Jun-2006 at 09:57
The Xiong Nu extended about 9 million square miles, with maximum stable territorial size of 7 million square miles.
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  Quote Arbr Z Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 06-Jun-2006 at 11:29

The Ottoman Empire included also Albania

Prej heshtjes...!
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  Quote Decebal Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 06-Jun-2006 at 12:45
The Avars have been shown to be of Mongolian stock and not Turkic. Many of the areas given in that article are grossly exagerated. Like the Ottoman empire covering 20 million square kilometers, when it was actually closer to 5.5 million!
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  Quote Menumorut Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 06-Jun-2006 at 14:07
Are information about how numeerous were the Huns, Avars, Cumans in Europe?

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  Quote barbar Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 06-Jun-2006 at 22:51
Originally posted by Decebal

The Avars have been shown to be of Mongolian stock and not Turkic. Many of the areas given in that article are grossly exagerated. Like the Ottoman empire covering 20 million square kilometers, when it was actually closer to 5.5 million!
 
No, Avars were mainly Turkic stock. Even before migration, Juan juans (Rourans) were mixure of Turkic and Shiwei tribes. That's why Northen Wei (Shiwei) treated them differently.  Their leading tribe might be from Shiwei. After migration, they further mixed with the Turkic tribes to form a stock with main Turkic element.
 
I agree that the article highly exagerated the areas of some empires. 
 
 


Edited by barbar - 06-Jun-2006 at 22:53
Either make a history or become a history.
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  Quote oghuzkb Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 09-Jun-2006 at 06:35
Originally posted by arashomid

The Karahan (Karahanlılar)

%5bTHe Karahan%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Saltuk Bugra Khan, covering the Trans-Oxus area including Issyk and Balkash lakes.

This was an Empire north of the Ghaznevid Empire, founded by a family of Karluk Turkish descent, which ruled in the X-XIIth centuries, with capitals in Bukhara and Kashgar (Balasaghun).

The flag attributed to the Karahan is yellow-orange with an unindentified white device.

Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004




Nice collection bro,but I have doubt on this flag,as far as I have known the colour of this flag is red,and the coat is not white but yellow.its possibly a arrow like weapon(reason is some description in the Oghuzname)  or tree(?)( reason is : one of the old legends about Uighurs,it is said that 10 kids was born inside a big tree on the top of a small hill close to a village,people there found them and raise them,they were very smart and brave,later they built the Uighur kingdom),anyway it has nine sub- branches which is the symbol of Nine-Oghuz(Tokkuz-oghuz) or Ten-Uighur(On-Uighur) tribes who built Kharanylar kingdom.(related article refer Britannica,knowldge in depth,volume 26)
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  Quote oghuzkb Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 09-Jun-2006 at 06:41
Karahanylar kingdom founded by Khrahan,Satuk Bugra Khan is descendant of Kharahan.Satuk Bugra khan is famous because of his policy and bravity.He expanded the kingdom and brought Islam to this kingdom.

Balasaghun is the summer-capital,Kashgar is the winter-capital.The present location of Balasaghun has not been settled yet,some assume it is Atush which close to Kashgar,most agree that it is the city ruin close to Tokmak in Kyrgzistan.you can also find the location of this city in the Mahmud Kashgarys map drawn in 1074(?),for this map please refer here


Edited by oghuzkb - 09-Jun-2006 at 06:57
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  Quote Guests Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 10-Jun-2006 at 18:46
who are those weird people?
 
How come I don't see Iraq on that map?
 
And where is big brother Turkey?
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  Quote Guests Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 10-Jun-2006 at 23:58
Originally posted by Imperator Invictus

The Xiong Nu extended about 9 million square miles, with maximum stable territorial size of 7 million square miles.
 
lol, Seriously, where do people get these ridiculous figures from? 9 million sq mile is the size of the Soviet Union. Thats way too large, the Xiongnu empire extended from the Liao river in the east to the Irtysh in the west, from lake Baikal in the north to the tarim in the south, a more approximate figure is around 2.5 million sq miles.
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  Quote Guests Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 11-Jun-2006 at 00:26
Originally posted by barbar

 
No, Avars were mainly Turkic stock. Even before migration, Juan juans (Rourans) were mixure of Turkic and Shiwei tribes. That's why Northen Wei (Shiwei) treated them differently.  Their leading tribe might be from Shiwei. After migration, they further mixed with the Turkic tribes to form a stock with main Turkic element.
 
I agree that the article highly exagerated the areas of some empires. 
 
 
 
 
 
No, The Rouran ruling family belong to the Dong Hu clan of 苗裔郁久闾, which is Mongolic. Although they probably spoke a Turkic language. The origin of the Rouran is in present day Wu Lan Cha Bu, northeast of the Ordos. The Northern Wei is a Xianbei tribe(Not ShiWei) although its ruling clan is probably more Turkic in its composition. Shi Wei as a tribal name does not exist yet. It was the Rouran which migrated eastwards that formed part of the ShiWei and Qidan tribes. None of these people are of a pure ethnic stock. Xiongnu, Xianbei, Rouran, Tujue, Hui Yin, Mongol, are all political terms which includes a variety of ethnic groups. Do not confuse political groups with modern nationalistic history. It would do the academic field a favour if people actually read about their history and consult the primary accounts as well as scholarly linguistic research instead of making up information.
 
 
 
 


Edited by buddha - 11-Jun-2006 at 00:34
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  Quote barbar Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 12-Jun-2006 at 04:11
I'm sorry for this complexity made. Actually, I said Shiwei to infer the ancesters of Mongols. (Meng wu shi wei), as avars were claimed to be Mongolian stock in the previous post. It's true shiwei were also tribal confederation, whose ancestral link can be traced back to Xian bei, and again to Dong hu. I thought I could make it more clear with more recent terms for mongolians.
 
We know Turkic or Shiwei were relatively new terms compared to Hunnic or Donghu. No one can deny the intermixing of them between each other. But in general case, they were separate from each other, this is the reason for the usage of the term Dong hu against Hu.
 
Rouruan did absorb large numbers of Hunnic stock (Proto Turkic), it could be seen from the Tuoba Wei writing that "They are Hunnic in nature".
 
 
 
 
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  Quote AFG-PaShTuN Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 01-Jul-2006 at 03:40
Originally posted by arashomid

The White Hun Empire (Ak Hn İmparatorluğu)

%5bThe White Hun Empire%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Aksuvar (Aksungur) covering half of Northern India, Afghanistan and part of Turkestan (total area 3,500,000 sq. km).

The White Huns (a.k.a. Hephthalites, Ephthalites, Hayathelites, Ye-tai, Huna), originating from the Altai Mountains, occupied in the Vth century AD Western Turkestan and disappeared in the second half of the VIIth century.

The flag attributed to the White Huns is white with three yellow stars placed vertically in upper hoist.

 
On what basis, do the Turks and other historians consider the Ephthalites to be of Turkish origin?
 
Their capital was located in one of the purest Afghan region, their names had more similarity to Afghan names than to Turkish, yet people still claim that they were Turks. I do not understand why people make such baseless claims. According to Afghan history, they were the ancestors of an Afghan tribe, called Abdali.
 
Regards
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  Quote AFG-PaShTuN Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 01-Jul-2006 at 03:40
Originally posted by arashomid

The White Hun Empire (Ak Hn İmparatorluğu)

%5bThe White Hun Empire%5dby Ivan Sache

"Official description":

Founded by Aksuvar (Aksungur) covering half of Northern India, Afghanistan and part of Turkestan (total area 3,500,000 sq. km).

The White Huns (a.k.a. Hephthalites, Ephthalites, Hayathelites, Ye-tai, Huna), originating from the Altai Mountains, occupied in the Vth century AD Western Turkestan and disappeared in the second half of the VIIth century.

The flag attributed to the White Huns is white with three yellow stars placed vertically in upper hoist.

 
On what basis, do the Turks and other historians consider the Ephthalites to be of Turkish origin?
 
Their capital was located in one of the purest Afghan region, their names had more similarity to Afghan names than to Turkish, yet people still claim that they were Turks. I do not understand why people make such baseless claims. According to Afghan history, they were the ancestors of an Afghan tribe, called Abdali.
 
Regards :D
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  Quote Guests Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: 01-Jul-2006 at 12:46

afghan brother get so serious about turk empires...

i heard afghan people were originally jewish...

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